Java中的浅克隆和深克隆

深克隆和浅克隆的区别：

被克隆的类需要实现Clonenable标记接口，重写父类Object类中的方法clone。

  浅克隆： 浅克隆是指拷贝对象时仅仅拷贝对象本身（包括对象中的基本变量），而不拷贝对象包含的引用指向的对象。
  深克隆： 深克隆不仅拷贝对象本身，而且拷贝对象包含的引用指向的所有对象。

代码演示：

/**
 * 学生类
 */
public class Student implements Cloneable {
    private String name;
    private int age;

    //重写Object类的方法clone
    @Override
    public Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
        Student student = (Student) super.clone();
        return student;
    }

    public Student() {
        super();
    }

    public Student(String name, int age) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Student{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                '}';
    }
}
/**
 * 老师类
 */
public class Teacher implements Cloneable{
    private String name;
    private int age;
    private Student student;

    public Teacher(String name, int age, Student student) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
        this.student = student;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public Student getStudent() {
        return student;
    }

    public void setStudent(Student student) {
        this.student = student;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Teacher{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                ", student=" + student +
                '}';
    }

    @Override
    public Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
        return super.clone();
    }
}
/**
 * 测试浅克隆
 */
public class TestClone {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws CloneNotSupportedException {
        //创建Person类对象并复制一份
        Teacher teacher1 = new Teacher("王老师", 36, new Student("张三",15));
        Teacher teacher2 = (Teacher) teacher1.clone();
        Student student = teacher2.getStudent();
        //修改浅克隆出来的老师的学生成员变量的值
        //源老师的成员变量学生的值也被改变
        student.setAge(5);
        student.setName("小杨");
        System.out.println(teacher1);
        System.out.println(teacher2);
    }
}

执行结果：

深克隆的时候就要把克隆的对象中的引用类型的成员再克隆一次。

&emso; 再次修改上面的 Teacher 类重写父类Objcet的方法clone：
代码:

 @Override
    public Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
        Teacher teacher = (Teacher) super.clone();
        //把引用类型的变量在克隆一份
        teacher.setStudent((Student) teacher.getStudent().clone());
        return teacher;
    }

再次执行测试类的执行结果：

这次修改克隆的Teacher类的变量的值，源Teacher的值就不再受影响了。