SpringCloud Feign

Feign

Feign可以把Rest的请求进行隐藏，伪装成类似SpringMVC的Controller一样。你不用再自己拼接url，拼接参数等等操作，一切都交给Feign去做。

使用Feign

基于SpringCloud Eureka注册中心 负载均衡Ribbon进行扩展，我们重新编写服务调用方，使用Feign

导入依赖

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.3.3.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.sunyuqi</groupId>
    <artifactId>feign-consumer</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <spring-cloud.version>Hoxton.SR8</spring-cloud.version>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Eureka客户端 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--熔断-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--Feign-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>
</project>

项目结构

配置文件

server:
  port: 8085
spring:
  application:
    name: service-consumer-feign #注册的名字

eureka:
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:10000/eureka
    registry-fetch-interval-seconds: 5 #间隔多久拉取服务，默认为30s

feign:
  hystrix:
    enabled: true # 开启Feign的熔断功能

开启Feign功能

我们在启动类上，添加注解，开启Feign功能

package com.sunyuqi;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.SpringCloudApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.EnableFeignClients;

@SpringCloudApplication 
@EnableFeignClients // 开启feign客户端
public class feignApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        SpringApplication.run(feignApplication.class, args);
    }
}

feign已经自动集成了Ribbon负载均衡的RestTemplate。

Feign的客户端接口

package com.sunyuqi.client;

import com.sunyuqi.domain.User;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;


@FeignClient(value = "service-provider", fallback = UserClientFallback.class) // 标注该类是一个feign接口
public interface UserClient {

    @GetMapping("/findone/{id}")
    public User queryUser(@PathVariable("id") Long id);
}

• Feign会通过动态代理，帮我们生成实现类。
• @FeignClient，声明这是一个Feign客户端，类似@Mapper注解。同时通过value属性指定服务名称
• 接口中的定义方法，完全采用SpringMVC的注解，Feign会根据注解帮我们生成URL，并访问获取结果
• fallback 指定熔断类

熔断类

package com.sunyuqi.client;

import com.sunyuqi.domain.User;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class UserClientFallback implements UserClient {

    @Override
    public User queryUser(Long id) {
        User user = new User();
        user.setId(-1l);
        user.setName("服务器正忙，请稍后再试！！！！！！！");
        return user;
    }
}

controller

package com.sunyuqi.controller;

import com.sunyuqi.client.UserClient;
import com.sunyuqi.domain.User;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("consumer")
public class FeignController {

    @Autowired
    private UserClient userClient;

    @GetMapping("/findone/{id}")
    @ResponseBody
    public User findone(@PathVariable("id") Long id)
    {
        User user = userClient.queryUser(id);
        if (user==null)
        {
            user = new User();
        }
        return user;
    }
}

访问服务

关闭服务提供方 ，再次访问