stap matlab,Clutter and Jammer Mitigation with STAP

Structure of the Model

This example models a monostatic radar with a moving target and a stationary barrage jammer. The jammer transmits interfering signals through free space to the radar. A 6-element uniform linear antenna array (ULA) with back baffled elements then receives the reflected pulse from the target as well as the jammer's interference. A clutter simulator's output is also added to the received signal before being processed. After adding noise, the signal is buffered into a data cube. In this example the cube is processed by the ADPCA Canceller at the target's estimated range, azimuth angle and doppler shift. In practice the ADPCA Canceller will scan several ranges, azimuth angles and doppler shifts since the speed and position of the target is unknown.

Several blocks in this example need to share the same sensor array configuration. This is done by assigning a sensor array configuration object to a MATLAB variable and sharing this variable in the Sensor Array tab of the block's dialog as will be shown later.

In addition to the blocks listed in the Simulating Test Signals for a Radar Receiver in Simulink example, there are:

FreeSpace - Performs two-way propagation of the signal when two-way propagation is selected on the block's dialog panel. This mode allows the use of one block instead of two to model the transmitted and reflected propagation paths of the signal.

Jammer - Generates a barrage jamming signal. This subsystem also includes a Platform to model the speed and position of the jammer which are needed by the Freespace blocks. The position is also needed to calculate the angle between the target and the jammer.

Selector - Selects the target's angle from the Range Angle block. This angle is used by the Narrowband Tx Array block.

Constant Gamma Clutter - Generates clutter with a gamma value of -15 dB. Such a gamma value can be used to model terrain covered by woods.

Radar Platform - Updates the position and velocity of the radar.

STAP

Buffer - Buffers 10 pulses of the received signal.

Matrix to Cube - Reshapes the buffered signal into an MxQxN data cube. M is the number of range bins in fast time (the number of samples in one pulse), Q is the number of antenna elements and N is the number of buffered pulses. In this example the cube has a 200X6X10 dimensions.

Value to Index - Calculates the index of the estimated target's range bin from the range value.

ADPCA Canceller - Perform adaptive displaced phase center array (ADPCA) pulse cancelling along the specified range bin. The antenna array configuration of the radar is shared using a variable in the Sensor Array tab of the block's dialog. The output is the received pulse with the clutter and jammer interference suppressed. The adaptive weights of the filter are also produced, enabling them is optional.

Angle Doppler Slicer - Slices the data cube along the dimension specified by the dialog parameter. This example examines the angle-doppler slice of the cube at the estimated range.

Visualization - This subsystems displays the clutter interference in the time domain, the angle Doppler response of the received data, the output of the ADPCA Canceller as well as the weights.

Exploring the Example

Several dialog parameters of the model are calculated by the helper function helperslexSTAPParam. To open the function from the model, click on Modify Simulation Parameters block. This function is executed once when the model is loaded. It exports to the workspace a structure whose fields are referenced by the dialogs. To modify any parameters, either change the values in the structure at the command prompt or edit the helper function and rerun it to update the parameter structure.

Results and Displays

Displays from different stages of the simulation are shown below. The first figure below shows how the signal received at the antenna array is dominated by the clutter return. Because the radar is located 1000 meters above the surface, the clutter returns from the ground start at 1000 meters.

The figure below shows the angle-Doppler response of the return for the estimated range bin. It presents the clutter as a function of angle and Doppler. The clutter return looks like a diagonal line in angle-Doppler space. Such a line is often referred to as clutter ridge. The received jammer signal is white noise, spread over the entire Doppler spectrum at approximately 60 degrees.

As you can see in the next figure, the weights of the ADPCA Canceller produce a deep null along the clutter ridge and also in the direction of the jammer.

The figure below displays the return at the output of the ADPCA Canceller, clearly showing the target's range at 1750 meters. The barrage jammer and clutter have been filtered out.