python解隐式方程,python – 在3d中绘制隐式方程

你可以用matplotlib来描绘3D中的隐式方程。只需在所需极限内为每个z值的等式绘制一级轮廓图。您可以沿y轴和z轴重复此过程，以获得更为实体的形状。

from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import axes3d

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

import numpy as np

def plot_implicit(fn, bbox=(-2.5,2.5)):

''' create a plot of an implicit function

fn ...implicit function (plot where fn==0)

bbox ..the x,y,and z limits of plotted interval'''

xmin, xmax, ymin, ymax, zmin, zmax = bbox*3

fig = plt.figure()

ax = fig.add_subplot(111, projection='3d')

A = np.linspace(xmin, xmax, 100) # resolution of the contour

B = np.linspace(xmin, xmax, 15) # number of slices

A1,A2 = np.meshgrid(A,A) # grid on which the contour is plotted

for z in B: # plot contours in the XY plane

X,Y = A1,A2

Z = fn(X,Y,z)

cset = ax.contour(X, Y, Z+z, [z], zdir='z')

# [z] defines the only level to plot for this contour for this value of z

for y in B: # plot contours in the XZ plane

X,Z = A1,A2

Y = fn(X,y,Z)

cset = ax.contour(X, Y+y, Z, [y], zdir='y')

for x in B: # plot contours in the YZ plane

Y,Z = A1,A2

X = fn(x,Y,Z)

cset = ax.contour(X+x, Y, Z, [x], zdir='x')

# must set plot limits because the contour will likely extend

# way beyond the displayed level. Otherwise matplotlib extends the plot limits

# to encompass all values in the contour.

ax.set_zlim3d(zmin,zmax)

ax.set_xlim3d(xmin,xmax)

ax.set_ylim3d(ymin,ymax)

plt.show()

这是Goursat Tangle的情节：

def goursat_tangle(x,y,z):

a,b,c = 0.0,-5.0,11.8

return x**4+y**4+z**4+a*(x**2+y**2+z**2)**2+b*(x**2+y**2+z**2)+c

plot_implicit(goursat_tangle)

您可以通过添加具有创意色彩映射的深度提示来使其更容易可视化：

这是OP的情节如何：

def hyp_part1(x,y,z):

return -(x**2) - (y**2) + (z**2) - 1

plot_implicit(hyp_part1, bbox=(-100.,100.))

奖金：您可以使用python功能组合这些隐式功能：

def sphere(x,y,z):

return x**2 + y**2 + z**2 - 2.0**2

def translate(fn,x,y,z):

return lambda a,b,c: fn(x-a,y-b,z-c)

def union(*fns):

return lambda x,y,z: np.min(

[fn(x,y,z) for fn in fns], 0)

def intersect(*fns):

return lambda x,y,z: np.max(

[fn(x,y,z) for fn in fns], 0)

def subtract(fn1, fn2):

return intersect(fn1, lambda *args:-fn2(*args))

plot_implicit(union(sphere,translate(sphere, 1.,1.,1.)), (-2.,3.))