HarmonyOS Data Ability关系数据库

之前的文章介绍了Ability，这里附上自己测试的demo

想要创建关系数据库可以参考官方示例，如果你已经有了MainAbility与MyAbilitySlice，那么只需要创建一个DataAbility即可。

创建Data Ability

FIle > new > Data Ability，DS(DevEco Studio)会自动创建Data Ability，并且在config.json中注册完成，请注意查看config.json中的uri，作为下面中的uri的替换。

import ohos.aafwk.ability.Ability;
import ohos.aafwk.ability.DataAbilityHelper;
import ohos.aafwk.content.Intent;
import ohos.data.DatabaseHelper;
import ohos.data.dataability.DataAbilityUtils;
import ohos.data.orm.OrmContext;
import ohos.data.rdb.*;
import ohos.data.resultset.ResultSet;
import ohos.data.dataability.DataAbilityPredicates;
import ohos.hiviewdfx.HiLog;
import ohos.hiviewdfx.HiLogLabel;
import ohos.utils.net.Uri;
import ohos.utils.PacMap;

import java.io.FileDescriptor;

/**
 * Data Ability 数据存储 关系型数据库
 *
 * @author yilei.liu
 * 2021.8.24
 */
public class DataAbility extends Ability {
    private static final HiLogLabel LABEL_LOG = new HiLogLabel(3, 0xD001100, "Demo");

    private static final String DB_NAME = "persondataability.db";
    private static final String DB_TAB_NAME = "person";
    private static final String DB_COLUMN_PERSON_ID = "id";
    private static final String DB_COLUMN_NAME = "name";
    private static final String DB_COLUMN_GENDER = "gender";
    private static final String DB_COLUMN_AGE = "age";
    private static final int DB_VERSION = 1;

    private StoreConfig config = StoreConfig.newDefaultConfig(DB_NAME);
    private RdbStore rdbStore;

    // 创建关系型数据库
    private RdbOpenCallback rdbOpenCallback = new RdbOpenCallback() {
        // 这个字符串少个空格都可能会报错，注意格式，这里设计真不太行，
        // 为什么不使用类似greenDAO的方式呢？
        @Override
        public void onCreate(RdbStore store) {
            store.executeSql("create table if not exists "
                    + DB_TAB_NAME + " ("
                    + DB_COLUMN_PERSON_ID + " integer primary key,"
                    + DB_COLUMN_NAME + " text not null,"
                    + DB_COLUMN_GENDER + " text not null,"
                    + DB_COLUMN_AGE + " integer)");
        }

        @Override
        public void onUpgrade(RdbStore rdbStore, int i, int i1) {
        }
    };

    @Override
    public void onStart(Intent intent) {
        super.onStart(intent);
        HiLog.info(LABEL_LOG, "DataAbility onStart");
        // 初始化数据库连接
        DatabaseHelper databaseHelper = new DatabaseHelper(this);
        rdbStore = databaseHelper.getRdbStore(config, DB_VERSION, rdbOpenCallback, null);
    }

    // 重写操作方法
    @Override
    public ResultSet query(Uri uri, String[] columns, DataAbilityPredicates predicates) {
        RdbPredicates rdbPredicates = DataAbilityUtils.createRdbPredicates(predicates, DB_TAB_NAME);
        ResultSet resultSet = rdbStore.query(rdbPredicates, columns);
        if (resultSet == null) {
            HiLog.info(LABEL_LOG, "查询结果为空");
        }
        return resultSet;
    }

    @Override
    public int insert(Uri uri, ValuesBucket value) {
        HiLog.info(LABEL_LOG, "DataAbility insert");
        String path = uri.getLastPath();
        if (!"person".equals(path)) {
            HiLog.info(LABEL_LOG, "没有符合的路径uri");
            return -1;
        }
        ValuesBucket values = new ValuesBucket();
        values.putInteger(DB_COLUMN_PERSON_ID, value.getInteger(DB_COLUMN_PERSON_ID));
        values.putString(DB_COLUMN_NAME, value.getString(DB_COLUMN_NAME));
        values.putString(DB_COLUMN_GENDER, value.getString(DB_COLUMN_GENDER));
        values.putInteger(DB_COLUMN_AGE, value.getInteger(DB_COLUMN_AGE));
        int index = (int) rdbStore.insert(DB_TAB_NAME, values);
        DataAbilityHelper.creator(this, uri).notifyChange(uri);
        return index;
    }

    @Override
    public int delete(Uri uri, DataAbilityPredicates predicates) {
        RdbPredicates rdbPredicates = DataAbilityUtils.createRdbPredicates(predicates, DB_TAB_NAME);

        int index = rdbStore.delete(rdbPredicates);
        HiLog.info(LABEL_LOG, "delete：" + index);
        DataAbilityHelper.creator(this, uri).notifyChange(uri);

        return index;
    }

    @Override
    public int update(Uri uri, ValuesBucket value, DataAbilityPredicates predicates) {
        RdbPredicates rdbPredicates = DataAbilityUtils.createRdbPredicates(predicates, DB_TAB_NAME);
        int index = rdbStore.update(value, rdbPredicates);
        HiLog.info(LABEL_LOG, "update: " + index);
        DataAbilityHelper.creator(this, uri).notifyChange(uri);

        return index;
    }

    @Override
    public FileDescriptor openFile(Uri uri, String mode) {
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public String[] getFileTypes(Uri uri, String mimeTypeFilter) {
        return new String[0];
    }

    @Override
    public PacMap call(String method, String arg, PacMap extras) {
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public String getType(Uri uri) {
        return null;
    }
}

在MyAbilitySlice中定义数据库操作的函数，当然，如果真的项目使用，当然要另外封装类

import com.example.demo.ResourceTable;
import ohos.aafwk.ability.AbilitySlice;
import ohos.aafwk.ability.DataAbilityHelper;
import ohos.aafwk.ability.DataAbilityRemoteException;
import ohos.aafwk.content.Intent;
import ohos.agp.components.Button;
import ohos.data.dataability.DataAbilityPredicates;
import ohos.data.rdb.ValuesBucket;
import ohos.data.resultset.ResultSet;
import ohos.hiviewdfx.HiLog;
import ohos.hiviewdfx.HiLogLabel;
import ohos.utils.net.Uri;

/**
 * 主Ability的Slice
 *
 * @author yilei.liu
 * 2021.8.24
 */
public class MainAbilitySlice extends AbilitySlice {
    private static final HiLogLabel LABEL_LOG = new HiLogLabel(3, 0xD001100, "MainAbilitySlice");
    private DataAbilityHelper dataAbilityHelper;

    private static final String BASE_URI = "dataability:///com.example.demo.DataAbility";

    private static final String DATA_PATH = "/person";

    private static final String DB_COLUMN_PERSON_ID = "id";

    private static final String DB_COLUMN_NAME = "name";

    private static final String DB_COLUMN_GENDER = "gender";

    private static final String DB_COLUMN_AGE = "age";

    @Override
    public void onStart(Intent intent) {
        super.onStart(intent);
        super.setUIContent(ResourceTable.Layout_ability_main);
        Button button = (Button) findComponentById(ResourceTable.Id_enter_newAbilitySlice);
        dataAbilityHelper = DataAbilityHelper.creator(this);
        button.setClickedListener(listener -> {
//            insert(1, "明日香", "女", 28);
//            query();
//            update();
            query();
        });
    }

    @Override
    public void onActive() {
        super.onActive();
    }

    @Override
    public void onForeground(Intent intent) {
        super.onForeground(intent);
    }

    // 数据库操作方法
    private void query() {
        String[] columns = new String[]{DB_COLUMN_PERSON_ID, DB_COLUMN_NAME, DB_COLUMN_GENDER, DB_COLUMN_AGE};
        // 查询条件
        DataAbilityPredicates predicates = new DataAbilityPredicates();
        // 年龄在15与40之间
        predicates.between(DB_COLUMN_AGE, 15, 40);
        try {
            ResultSet resultSet = dataAbilityHelper.query(Uri.parse(BASE_URI + DATA_PATH), columns, predicates);
            if (resultSet == null || resultSet.getRowCount() == 0) {
                HiLog.info(LABEL_LOG, "未查询到");
                return;
            }
            resultSet.goToFirstRow();
            do {
                int id = resultSet.getInt(resultSet.getColumnIndexForName(DB_COLUMN_PERSON_ID));
                String name = resultSet.getString(resultSet.getColumnIndexForName(DB_COLUMN_NAME));
                String gender = resultSet.getString(resultSet.getColumnIndexForName(DB_COLUMN_GENDER));
                int age = resultSet.getInt(resultSet.getColumnIndexForName(DB_COLUMN_AGE));
                System.out.println("查询到：id是" + id + "姓名是：" + name + "性别为：" + gender + "年龄为:" + age);
            } while (resultSet.goToNextRow());
        } catch (DataAbilityRemoteException | IllegalStateException exception) {
            HiLog.error(LABEL_LOG, "查询出错");
        }
    }

    private void insert(int id, String name, String gender, int age) {
        ValuesBucket valuesBucket = new ValuesBucket();
        valuesBucket.putInteger(DB_COLUMN_PERSON_ID, id);
        valuesBucket.putString(DB_COLUMN_NAME, name);
        valuesBucket.putString(DB_COLUMN_GENDER, gender);
        valuesBucket.putInteger(DB_COLUMN_AGE, age);
        try {
            if (dataAbilityHelper.insert(Uri.parse(BASE_URI + DATA_PATH), valuesBucket) != -1) {
                HiLog.info(LABEL_LOG, "插入成功");
            }
        } catch (DataAbilityRemoteException | IllegalStateException exception) {
            HiLog.error(LABEL_LOG, "插入出错");
        }
    }

    private void update() {
        DataAbilityPredicates predicates = new DataAbilityPredicates();
        predicates.equalTo(DB_COLUMN_PERSON_ID, 1);
        ValuesBucket valuesBucket = new ValuesBucket();
        valuesBucket.putString(DB_COLUMN_NAME, "绫波丽");
        valuesBucket.putInteger(DB_COLUMN_AGE, 27);
        try {
            if (dataAbilityHelper.update(Uri.parse(BASE_URI + DATA_PATH), valuesBucket, predicates) != -1) {
                HiLog.info(LABEL_LOG, "更新成功");
            }
        } catch (DataAbilityRemoteException | IllegalStateException exception) {
            HiLog.error(LABEL_LOG, "更新出错啦");
        }
    }

    private void delete(int id) {
        DataAbilityPredicates predicates = new DataAbilityPredicates()
                .equalTo(DB_COLUMN_PERSON_ID, 2);
        try {
            if (dataAbilityHelper.delete(Uri.parse(BASE_URI + DATA_PATH), predicates) != -1) {
                HiLog.info(LABEL_LOG, "删除成功");
            }
        } catch (DataAbilityRemoteException | IllegalStateException exception) {
            HiLog.error(LABEL_LOG, "删除出错");
        }
    }
}

结果