Hive中的复合数据类型

hive中的复合数据类型

• Array

  array中的数据为相同类型，例如，假如array A中元素[‘a’,‘b’,‘c’]，则A[1]的值为’b’

  数据结构如下：
  zhangsan	beijing,shanghai,tianjin,hangzhou
  wangwu	shanghai,chengdu,wuhan,haerbin
  
  create table complex_array(name string,work_locations array<string>) row format delimited fields terminated by '\t' collection items terminated by ',';
  
  load data local inpath '/export/data/hivedata/complex_array.txt' into table complex_array;
  
  

  查看array的元素
  用下标进行寻找，类似于其他编程语言中的数组访问

  select work_locations[1] from complex_array;
  

• Map

  可以通过[“指定key名称”]访问

  1,zhangsan,唱歌:非常喜欢-跳舞:喜欢-游泳:一般般
  2,lisi,打游戏:非常喜欢-篮球:不喜欢
  
  create table complex_map(id int,name string,hobby map<string,string>)
  row format delimited 
  fields terminated by ','
  collection items terminated by '-'
  map keys terminated by ':';
  
  load data local inpath '/export/data/hivedata/complex_map.txt' into table complex_map;
  
  以普通字符串映射：
  create table complex_map_s(id int,name string,hobby string)
  row format delimited 
  fields terminated by ',';
  

• Struct

  集合元素可以类型不一样

  例如c的类型为STRUCT{a INT; b INT}，我们可以通过c.a来访问域a

  1,zhou:30
  2,yan:30
  3,chen:20
  4,li:80
  
  create table complex_struct(id int, info struct<name:STRING, age:INT>)
  ROW FORMAT DELIMITED FIELDS TERMINATED BY ','                       
  COLLECTION ITEMS TERMINATED BY ':';   
  
  load data local inpath '/export/data/hivedata/complex_struct.txt' into table complex_struct;
  
  select info.age from complex_struct;