在这种情况下,请勿使用.var。 .var对象是数据描述符,这意味着对instance.var的任何访问都将调用该描述符,而Python将永远不会在实例本身上查找属性。
您有两个选择:使用.var钩子或构建仅实现.var的描述符。
使用.var挂钩
class MyClass(object):
var = 'foo'
def __setattr__(self, name, value):
if name == 'var':
print "Setting var!"
# do something with `value` here, like you would in a
# setter.
value = 'Set to ' + value
super(MyClass, self).__setattr__(name, value)
现在,在读取.var时将使用普通属性查找,但在分配给.var时,将调用.__dict__方法,从而拦截value并根据需要进行调整。
演示:
>>> mc = MyClass()
>>> mc.var
'foo'
>>> mc.var = 'bar'
Setting var!
>>> mc.var
'Set to bar'
setter描述符
setter描述符将仅拦截变量分配:
class SetterProperty(object):
def __init__(self, func, doc=None):
self.func = func
self.__doc__ = doc if doc is not None else func.__doc__
def __set__(self, obj, value):
return self.func(obj, value)
class Foo(object):
@SetterProperty
def var(self, value):
print 'Setting var!'
self.__dict__['var'] = value
请注意,我们需要如何分配给实例.__dict__属性,以防止再次调用setter。
演示:
>>> f = Foo()
>>> f.var = 'spam'
Setting var!
>>> f.var = 'ham'
Setting var!
>>> f.var
'ham'
>>> f.var = 'biggles'
Setting var!
>>> f.var
'biggles'