(四) go面向对象

一、

如果说java是一切皆对象 ，那么go可以说一切皆类型

1.封装

type Rectangle struct {
	width, height float64
}
func area(r Rectangle) float64 {
	return r.width*r.height
}

2.继承
属性方法继承

type Human struct {
	name string
	age int
	phone string
}

type Student struct {
	Human //匿名字段
	school string
}

type Employee struct {
	Human //匿名字段
	company string
}

//在human上面定义了一个method
func (h *Human) SayHi() {
	fmt.Printf("Hi, I am %s you can call me on %s\n", h.name, h.phone)
}

func main() {
	mark := Student{Human{"Mark", 25, "222-222-YYYY"}, "MIT"}
	sam := Employee{Human{"Sam", 45, "111-888-XXXX"}, "Golang Inc"}

	mark.SayHi()
	sam.SayHi()
}

方法重写

//Human定义method
func (h *Human) SayHi() {
	fmt.Printf("Hi, I am %s you can call me on %s\n", h.name, h.phone)
}

//Employee的method重写Human的method
func (e *Employee) SayHi() {
	fmt.Printf("Hi, I am %s, I work at %s. Call me on %s\n", e.name,
		e.company, e.phone) //Yes you can split into 2 lines here.
}

func main() {
	mark := Student{Human{"Mark", 25, "222-222-YYYY"}, "MIT"}
	sam := Employee{Human{"Sam", 45, "111-888-XXXX"}, "Golang Inc"}

	mark.SayHi()
	sam.SayHi()
}

3.多态
取决于接受者的不同（func与方法名直接定义接受者）

type Rectangle struct {
	width, height float64
}

type Circle struct {
	radius float64
}

func (r Rectangle) area() float64 {
	return r.width*r.height
}

func (c Circle) area() float64 {
	return c.radius * c.radius * math.Pi
}