准备工作
安装 prometheus 和 grafana
参考文章：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_42555971/article/details/125784517
prometheus 配置文件
- scrape_interval：刷新间隔时间，默认15秒
- external_labels：外部标签
- job_name：添加到此配置中删除的任何时间序列
- static_configs：配置监控地址，即普罗米修斯暴露地址
global:
scrape_interval: 15s # By default, scrape targets every 15 seconds.
# Attach these labels to any time series or alerts when communicating with
# external systems (federation, remote storage, Alertmanager).
external_labels:
monitor: 'codelab-monitor'
# A scrape configuration containing exactly one endpoint to scrape:
# Here it's Prometheus itself.
scrape_configs:
# The job name is added as a label `job=<job_name>` to any timeseries scraped from this config.
- job_name: 'prometheus'
# Override the global default and scrape targets from this job every 5 seconds.
scrape_interval: 5s
static_configs:
- targets: ['localhost:9090']
- job_name: 'service'
static_configs:
- targets: ['192.168.xx.x0:9100']
- targets: ['192.168.xx.x1:9100']
- targets: ['192.168.xx.x2:9100']
配置 grafana 数据大盘，可选择 12884 或 8919
节点安装 node_export
docker run -d -p 9100:9100 --restart=always -h house-name --name node-exporter prom/node-exporter
防火墙开放 9100 端口
systemctl start firewalld.service
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=9100/tcp --permanent
systemctl restart firewalld.service
firewall-cmd --reload
配置的 JSON Model
{
"annotations": {
"list": [
{
"$$hashKey": "object:5598",
"builtIn": 1,
"datasource": {
"type": "datasource",
"uid": "grafana"
},
"enable": true,
"hide": true,
"iconColor": "rgba(0, 211, 255, 1)",
"name": "Annotations & Alerts",
"target": {
"limit": 100,
"matchAny": false,
"tags": [],
"type": "dashboard"
},
"type": "dashboard"
}
]
},
"description": "【中文版本】2020.06.28更新，增加整体资源展示！支持 Grafana6&7，Node Exporter v0.16及以上的版本，优化重要指标展示。包含整体资源展示与资源明细图表：CPU 内存 磁盘 IO 网络等监控指标。https://github.com/starsliao/Prometheus",
"editable": true,
"fiscalYearStartMonth": 0,
"gnetId": 12884,
"graphTooltip": 0,
"id": 5,
"iteration": 1658394823776,
"links": [
{
"icon": "external link",
"tags": [],
"targetBlank": true,
"title": "更新node_exporter",
"tooltip": "",
"type": "link",
"url": "https://github.com/prometheus/node_exporter/releases"
},
{
"icon": "external link",
"tags": [],
"targetBlank": true,
"title": "更新当前仪表板",
"tooltip": "",
"type": "link",
"url": "https://grafana.com/dashboards/8919"
},
{
"icon": "external link",
"tags": [],
"targetBlank": true,
"title": "StarsL.cn",
"tooltip": "",
"type": "link",
"url": "https://starsl.cn"
},
{
"asDropdown": true,
"icon": "external link",
"tags": [],
"targetBlank": true,
"title": "",
"type": "dashboards"
}
],
"liveNow": false,
"panels": [
{
"collapsed": false,
"datasource": {
"type": "prometheus",
"uid": "uGg36Jg4z"
},
"gridPos": {
"h": 1,
"w": 24,
"x": 0,
"y": 0
},
"id": 187,
"panels": [],
"title": "资源总览（关联JOB项）当前选中主机：【$show_hostname】实例：$node",
"type": "row"
},
{
"columns": [],
"datasource": {
"type": "prometheus",
"uid": "uGg36Jg4z"
},
"description": "分区使用率、磁盘读取、磁盘写入、下载带宽、上传带宽，如果有多个网卡或者多个分区，是采集的使用率最高的网卡或者分区的数值。",
"fontSize": "100%",
"gridPos": {
"h": 8,
"w": 24,
"x": 0,
"y": 1
},
"id": 185,
"pageSize": 10,
"showHeader": true,
"sort": {
"col": 5,
"desc": false
},
"styles": [
{
"$$hashKey": "object:5955",
"alias": "主机名",
"align": "auto",
"colors": [
"rgba(245, 54, 54, 0.9)",
"rgba(237, 129, 40, 0.89)",
"rgba(50, 172, 45, 0.97)"
],
"dateFormat": "YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm:ss",
"decimals": 1,
"link": false,
"linkTooltip": "",
"linkUrl": "",
"mappingType": 1,
"pattern": "nodename",
"thresholds": [],
"type": "string",
"unit": "bytes"
},
{
"$$hashKey": "object:5956",
"alias": "IP（链接到明细）",
"align": "auto",
"colors": [
"rgba(245, 54, 54, 0.9)",
"rgba(237, 129, 40, 0.89)",
"rgba(50, 172, 45, 0.97)"
],
"dateFormat": "YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm:ss",
"decimals": 2,
"link": true,
"linkTargetBlank": false,
"linkTooltip": "浏览主机明细",
"linkUrl": "/d/9CWBz0bik/node-exporter?orgId=1&var-job=${job}&var-hostname=All&var-node=${__cell}&var-device=All",
"mappingType": 1,
"pattern": "instance",
"thresholds": [],
"type": "number",
"unit": "short"
},
{
"$$hashKey": "object:5957",
"alias": "内存",
"align": "auto",
"colors": [
"rgba(245, 54, 54, 0.9)",
"rgba(237, 129, 40, 0.89)",
"rgba(50, 172, 45, 0.97)"
],
"dateFormat": "YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm:ss",
"decimals": 2,
"link": false,
"mappingType": 1,
"pattern": "Value #B",
"thresholds": [],
"type": "number",
"unit": "bytes"
},
{
"$$hashKey": "object:5958",
"alias": "CPU核",
"align": "auto",
"colors": [
"rgba(245, 54, 54, 0.9)",
"rgba(237, 129, 40, 0.89)",
"rgba(50, 172, 45, 0.97)"
],
"dateFormat": "YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm:ss",
"mappingType": 1,
"pattern": "Value #C",
"thresholds": [],
"type": "number",
"unit": "short"
},
{
"$$hashKey": "object:5959",
"alias": " 运行时间",
"align": "auto",
"colors": [
"rgba(245, 54, 54, 0.9)",
"rgba(237, 129, 40, 0.89)",
"rgba(50, 172, 45, 0.97)"
],
"dateFormat": "YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm:ss",
"decimals": 2,
"mappingType": 1,
"pattern": "Value #D",
"thresholds": [],
"type": "number",
"unit": "s"
},
{
"$$hashKey": "object:5960",
"alias": "分区使用率*",
"align": "auto",
"colorMode": "cell",
"colors": [
"rgba(50, 172, 45, 0.97)",
"rgba(237, 129, 40, 0.89)",
"rgba(245, 54, 54, 0.9)"
],
"dateFormat": "YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm:ss",
"decimals": 2,
"mappingType": 1,
"pattern": "Value #E",
"thresholds": [
"70",
"85"
],
"type": "number",
"unit": "percent"
},
{
"$$hashKey": "object:5961",
"alias": "CPU使用率",
"align": "auto",
"colorMode": "cell",
"colors": [
"rgba(50, 172, 45, 0.97)",
"rgba(237, 129, 40, 0.89)",
"rgba(245, 54, 54, 0.9)"
],
"dateFormat": "YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm:ss",
"decimals": 2,
"mappingType": 1,
"pattern": "Value #F",
"thresholds": [
"70",
"85"
],
"type": "number",
"unit": "percent"
},
{
"$$hashKey": "object:5962",
"alias": "内存使用率",
"align": "auto",
"colorMode": "cell",
"colors": [
"rgba(50, 172, 45, 0.97)",
"rgba(237, 129, 40, 0.89)",
"rgba(245, 54, 54, 0.9)"
],
"dateFormat": "YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm:ss",
"decimals": 2,
"mappingType": 1,
"pattern": "Value #G",
"thresholds": [
"70",
"85"
],
"type": "number",
"unit": "percent"
},
{
"$$hashKey": "object:5963",
"alias": "磁盘读取*",
"align": "auto",
"colorMode": "cell",
"colors": [
"rgba(50, 172, 45, 0.97)",
"rgba(237, 129, 40, 0.89)",
"rgba(245, 54, 54, 0.9)"
],
"dateFormat": "YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm:ss",
"decimals": 2,
"mappingType": 1,
"pattern": "Value #H",
"thresholds": [
"10485760",
"20485760"
],
"type": "number",
"unit": "Bps"
},
{
"$$hashKey": "object:5964",
"alias": "磁盘写入*",
"align": "auto",
"colorMode": "cell",
"colors": [
"rgba(50, 172, 45, 0.97)",
"rgba(237, 129, 40, 0.89)",
"rgba(245, 54, 54, 0.9)"
],
"dateFormat": "YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm:ss",
"decimals": 2,
"mappingType": 1,
"pattern": "Value #I",
"thresholds": [
"10485760",
"20485760"
],
"type": "number",
"unit": "Bps"
},
{
"$$hashKey": "object:5965",
"alias": "下载带宽*",
"align": "auto",
"colorMode": "cell",
"colors": [
"rgba(50, 172, 45, 0.97)",
"rgba(237, 129, 40, 0.89)",
"rgba(245, 54, 54, 0.9)"
],
"dateFormat": "YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm:ss",
"decimals": 2,
"mappingType": 1,
"pattern": "Value #J",
"thresholds": [
"30485760",
"104857600"
],
"type": "number",
"unit": "bps"
},
{
"$$hashKey": "object:5966",
"alias": "上传带宽*",
"align": "auto",
"colorMode": "cell",
"colors": [
"rgba(50, 172, 45, 0.97)",
"rgba(237, 129, 40, 0.89)",
"rgba(245, 54, 54, 0.9)"
],
"dateFormat": "YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm:ss",
"decimals": 2,
"mappingType": 1,
"pattern": "Value #K",
"thresholds": [
"30485760",
"104857600"
],
"type": "number",
"unit": "bps"
},
{
"$$hashKey": "object:5967",
"alias": "5m负载",
"align": "auto",
"colors": [
"rgba(245, 54, 54, 0.9)",
"rgba(237, 129, 40, 0.89)",
"rgba(50, 172, 45, 0.97)"
],
"dateFormat": "YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm:ss",
"decimals": 2,
"mappingType": 1,
"pattern": "Value #L",
"thresholds": [],
"type": "number",
"unit": "short"
},
{
"$$hashKey": "object:5968",
"alias": "",
"align": "right",
"colors": [
"rgba(245, 54, 54, 0.9)",
"rgba(237, 129, 40, 0.89)",
"rgba(50, 172, 45, 0.97)"
],
"decimals": 2,
"pattern": "/.*/",
"thresholds": [],
"type": "hidden",
"unit": "short"
}
],
"targets": [
{
"datasource": {
"type": "prometheus",
"uid": "uGg36Jg4z"
},
"expr": "node_uname_info{job=~\"$job\"} - 0",
"format": "table",
"instant": true,
"interval": "",
"legendFormat": "主机名",
"refId": "A"
},
{
"datasource": {
"type": "prometheus",
"uid": "uGg36Jg4z"
},
"expr": "sum(time() - node_boot_time_seconds{job=~\"$job\"})by(instance)",
"format": "table",
"hide": false,
"instant": true,
"interval": "",
"legendFormat": "运行时间",
"refId": "D"
},
{
"datasource": {
"type": "prometheus",
"uid": "uGg36Jg4z"
},
"expr": "count(node_cpu_seconds_total{job=~\"$job\",mode='system'}) by (instance)",
"format": "table",
"hide": false,
"instant": true,
"interval": "",
"legendFormat": "总核数",
"refId": "C"
},
{
"datasource": {
"type": "prometheus",
"uid": "uGg36Jg4z"
},
"expr": "node_memory_MemTotal_bytes{job=~\"$job\"} - 0",
"format": "table",
"hide": false,
"instant": true,
"interval": "",
"legendFormat": "总内存",
"refId": "B"
},
{
"datasource": {
"type": "prometheus",
"uid": "uGg36Jg4z"
},
"expr": "node_load5{job=~\"$job\"}",
"format": "table",
"instant": true,
"interval": "",
"legendFormat": "5分钟负载",
"refId": "L"
},
{
"datasource": {
"type": "prometheus",
"uid": "uGg36Jg4z"
},
"expr": "(1 - avg(irate(node_cpu_seconds_total{job=~\"$job\",mode=\"idle\"}[5m])) by (instance)) * 100",
"format": "table",
"hide": false,
"instant": true,
"interval": "",
"legendFormat": "CPU使用率",
"refId": "F"
},
{
"datasource": {
"type": "prometheus",
"uid": "uGg36Jg4z"
},
"expr": "(1 - (node_memory_MemAvailable_bytes{job=~\"$job\"} / (node_memory_MemTotal_bytes{job=~\"$job\"})))* 100",
"format": "table",
"hide": false,
"instant": true,
"interval": "",
"legendFormat": "内存使用率",
"refId": "G"
},
{
"datasource": {
"type": "prometheus",
"uid": "uGg36Jg4z"
},
"expr": "max((node_filesystem_size_bytes{job=~\"$job\",fstype=~\"ext.?|xfs\"}-node_filesystem_free_bytes{job=~\"$job\",fstype=~\"ext.?|xfs\"}) *100/(node_filesystem_avail_bytes {job=~\"$job\",fstype=~\"ext.?|xfs\"}+(node_filesystem_size_bytes{job=~\"$job\",fstype=~\"ext.?|xfs\"}-node_filesystem_free_bytes{job=~\"$job\",fstype=~\"ext.?|xfs\"})))by(instance)",
"format": "table",
"hide": false,
"instant": true,
"interval": "",
"legendFormat": "分区使用率",
"refId": "E"
},
{
"datasource": {
"type": "prometheus",
"uid": "uGg36Jg4z"
},
"expr": "max(irate(node_disk_read_bytes_total{job=~\"$job\"}[5m])) by (instance)",
"format": "table",
"hide": false,
"instant": true,
"interval": "",
"legendFormat": "最大读取",
"refId": "H"
},
{
"datasource": {
"type": "prometheus",
"uid": "uGg36Jg4z"
},
"expr": "max(irate(node_disk_written_bytes_total{job=~\"$job\"}[5m])) by (instance)",
"format": "table",
"hide": false,
"instant": true,
"interval": "",
"legendFormat": "最大写入",
"refId": "I"
},
{
"datasource": {
"type": "prometheus",
"uid": "uGg36Jg4z"
},
"expr": "max(irate(node_network_receive_bytes_total{job=~\"$job\"}[5m])*8) by (instance)",
"format": "table",
"hide": false,
"instant": true,
"interval": "",
"legendFormat": "下载带宽",
"refId": "J"
},
{
"datasource": {
"type": "prometheus",
"uid": "uGg36Jg4z"
},
"expr": "max(irate(node_network_transmit_bytes_total{job=~\"$job\"}[5m])*8) by (instance)",
"format": "table",
"hide": false,
"instant": true,
"interval": "",
"legendFormat": "上传带宽",
"refId": "K"
}
],
"title": "服务器资源总览表(每页10行)",
"transform": "table",
"type": "table-old"
},
{
"aliasColors": {
"192.168.200.241:9100_Total": "dark-red",
"Idle - Waiting for something to happen": "#052B51",
"guest": "#9AC48A",
"idle": "#052B51",
"iowait": "#EAB839",
"irq": "#BF1B00",
"nice": "#C15C17",
"sdb_每秒I/O操作%": "#d683ce",
"softirq": "#E24D42",
"steal": "#FCE2DE",
"system": "#508642",
"user": "#5195CE",
"磁盘花费在I/O操作占比": "#ba43a9"
},
"bars": false,
"dashLength": 10,
"dashes": false,
"datasource": {
"type": "prometheus",
"uid": "uGg36Jg4z"
},
"description": "",
"fieldConfig": {
"defaults": {
"links": []
},
"overrides": []
},
"fill": 0,
"fillGradient": 0,
"gridPos": {
"h": 8,
"w": 8,
"x": 0,
"y": 9
},
"hiddenSeries": false,
"id": 191,
"legend": {
"alignAsTable": false,
"avg": false,
"current": true,
"hideEmpty": true,
"hideZero": true,
"max": false,
"min": false,
"rightSide": false,
"show": true,
"sort": "current",
"sortDesc": true,
"total": false,
"values": true
},
"lines": true,
"linewidth": 2,
"links": [],
"maxPerRow": 6,
"nullPointMode": "null",
"options": {
"alertThreshold": true
},
"percentage": false,
"pluginVersion": "8.5.6",
"pointradius": 5,
"points": false,
"renderer": "flot",
"seriesOverrides": [
{
"alias": "总平均使用率",
"lines": false,
"pointradius": 1,
"points": true,
"yaxis": 2
},
{
"alias": "总核数",
"color": "#C4162A"
}
],
"spaceLength": 10,
"stack": false,
"steppedLine": false,
"targets": [
{
"datasource": {
"type": "prometheus",
"uid": "uGg36Jg4z"
},
"editorMode": "code",
"exemplar": false,
"expr": "count(node_cpu_seconds_total{job=~\"$job\", mode='system'})",
"format": "time_series",
"hide": false,
"interval": "",
"intervalFactor": 1,
"legendFormat": "总核数",
"range": true,
"refId": "B",
"step": 240
},
{
"datasource": {
"type": "prometheus",
"uid": "uGg36Jg4z"
},
"expr": "sum(node_load5{job=~\"$job\"})",
"format": "time_series",
"hide": false,
"interval": "",
"intervalFactor": 1,
"legendFormat": "总5分钟负载",
"refId": "A",
"step": 240
},
{
"datasource": {
"type": "prometheus",
"uid": "uGg36Jg4z"
},
"expr": "avg(1 - avg(irate(node_cpu_seconds_total{job=~\"$job\",mode=\"idle\"}[5m])) by (instance)) * 100",
"format": "time_series",
"hide": true,
"interval": "30m",
"intervalFactor": 1,
"legendFormat": "总平均使用率",
"refId": "F",
"step": 240
}
],
"thresholds": [],
"timeRegions": [],
"title": "$job：整体总负载与整体平均CPU使用率",
"tooltip": {
"shared": true,
"sort": 2,
"value_type": "individual"
},
"type": "graph",
"xaxis": {
"mode": "time",
"show": true,
"values": []
},
"yaxes": [
{
"format": "short",
"label": "总负载",
"logBase": 1,
"show": true
},
{
"decimals": 0,
"format": "percent",
"label": "平均使用率",
"logBase": 1,
"show": true
}
],
"yaxis": {
"align": false
}
},
{
"aliasColors": {
"192.168.200.241:9100_总内存": "dark-red",
"内存_Avaliable": "#6ED0E0",
"内存_Cached": "#EF843C",
"内存_Free": "#629E51",
"内存_Total": "#6d1f62",
"内存_Used": "#eab839",
"可用": "#9ac48a",
"总内存": "#bf1b00"
},
"bars": false,
"dashLength": 10,
"dashes": false,
"datasource": {
"type": "prometheus",
"uid": "uGg36Jg4z"
},
"decimals": 1,
"fieldConfig": {
"defaults": {
"links": []
},
"overrides": []
},
"fill": 0,
"fillGradient": 0,
"gridPos": {
"h": 8,
"w": 8,
"x": 8,
"y": 9
},
"height": "300",
"hiddenSeries": false,
"id": 195,
"legend": {
"alignAsTable": false,
"avg": false,
"current": true,
"max": false,
"min": false,
"rightSide": false,
"show": true,
"sort": "current",
"sortDesc": false,
"total": false,
"values": true
},
"lines": true,
"linewidth": 2,
"links": [],
"nullPointMode": "null",
"options": {
"alertThreshold": true
},
"percentage": false,
"pluginVersion": "8.5.6",
"pointradius": 5,
"points": false,
"renderer": "flot",
"seriesOverrides": [
{
"$$hashKey": "object:58",
"alias": "总内存",
"color": "#C4162A",
"fill": 0
},
{
"$$hashKey": "object:59",
"alias": "总平均使用率",
"lines": false,
"pointradius": 1,
"points": true,
"yaxis": 2
}
],
"spaceLength": 10,
"stack": false,
"steppedLine": false,
"targets": [
{
"datasource": {
"type": "prometheus",
"uid": "uGg36Jg4z"
},
"expr": "sum(node_memory_MemTotal_bytes{job=~\"$job\"})",
"format": "time_series",
"hide": false,
"instant": false,
"interval": "",
"intervalFactor": 1,
"legendFormat": "总内存",
"refId": "A",
"step": 4
},
{
"datasource": {
"type": "prometheus",
"uid": "uGg36Jg4z"
},
"expr": "sum(node_memory_MemTotal_bytes{job=~\"$job\"} - node_memory_MemAvailable_bytes{job=~\"$job\"})",
"format": "time_series",
"hide": false,
"interval": "",
"intervalFactor": 1,
"legendFormat": "总已用",
"refId": "B",
"step": 4
},
{
"datasource": {
"type": "prometheus",
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