linux c访问文件系统,【C】通过linux文件系统操作GPIO

本文描述如果通过文件IO sysfs方式控制树莓派 GPIO端口。通过sysfs方式控制GPIO，先访问/sys/class/gpio目录，向export文件写入GPIO编号，使得该GPIO的操作接口从内核空间暴露到用户空间，GPIO的操作接口包括direction和value等，direction控制GPIO方向，而value可控制GPIO输出或获得GPIO输入。

#include

#include

#include

#include

#include

#include

#define BUFFER_MAX 100

#define DIRECTION_MAX 100

#define IN 0

#define OUT 1

#define LOW 0

#define HIGH 1

#define POUT 21

static int gpio_export(int pin);

static int gpio_unexport(int pin);

static int gpio_direction(int pin, int dir);

static int gpio_write(int pin, int value);

static int gpio_read(int pin);

/*

int main(int argc, char const *argv[])

{

int i = 0;

gpio_export(POUT);

gpio_direction(POUT, OUT);

for (i = 0; i < 20; i++) {

gpio_write(POUT, i % 2);

usleep(500 * 1000);

}

gpio_unexport(POUT);

return 0;

}

*/

static int gpio_export(int pin)

{

char buffer[BUFFER_MAX];

int len;

int fd;

fd = open("/sys/class/gpio/export", O_WRONLY);

if (fd < 0) {

fprintf(stderr, "Failed to open export for writing!\n");

return(-1);

}

len = snprintf(buffer, BUFFER_MAX, "%d", pin);

if (write(fd, buffer, len) < 0) {

fprintf(stderr, "Fail to export gpio!");

return -1;

}

close(fd);

return 0;

}

static int gpio_unexport(int pin)

{

char buffer[BUFFER_MAX];

int len;

int fd;

fd = open("/sys/class/gpio/unexport", O_WRONLY);

if (fd < 0) {

fprintf(stderr, "Failed to open unexport for writing!\n");

return -1;

}

len = snprintf(buffer, BUFFER_MAX, "%d", pin);

if (write(fd, buffer, len) < 0) {

fprintf(stderr, "Fail to unexport gpio!");

return -1;

}

close(fd);

return 0;

}

static int gpio_direction(int pin, int dir)

{

static const char dir_str[] = "in\0out";

char path[DIRECTION_MAX];

int fd;

snprintf(path, DIRECTION_MAX, "/sys/class/gpio/gpio%d/direction", pin);

fd = open(path, O_WRONLY);

if (fd < 0) {

fprintf(stderr, "failed to open gpio direction for writing!\n");

return -1;

}

if (write(fd, &dir_str[dir == IN ? 0 : 3], dir == IN ? 2 : 3) < 0) {

fprintf(stderr, "failed to set direction!\n");

return -1;

}

close(fd);

return 0;

}

static int gpio_write(int pin, int value)

{

static const char values_str[] = "01";

char path[DIRECTION_MAX];

int fd;

snprintf(path, DIRECTION_MAX, "/sys/class/gpio/gpio%d/value", pin);

fd = open(path, O_WRONLY);

if (fd < 0) {

fprintf(stderr, "failed to open gpio value for writing!\n");

return -1;

}

if (write(fd, &values_str[value == LOW ? 0 : 1], 1) < 0) {

fprintf(stderr, "failed to write value!\n");

return -1;

}

close(fd);

return 0;

}

static int gpio_read(int pin)

{

char path[DIRECTION_MAX];

char value_str[3];

int fd;

snprintf(path, DIRECTION_MAX, "/sys/class/gpio/gpio%d/value", pin);

fd = open(path, O_RDONLY);

if (fd < 0) {

fprintf(stderr, "failed to open gpio value for reading!\n");

return -1;

}

if (read(fd, value_str, 3) < 0) {

fprintf(stderr, "failed to read value!\n");

return -1;

}

close(fd);

return (atoi(value_str));

}