FFmpeg——av_read_frame()

int av_read_frame(AVFormatContext *s, AVPacket *pkt)
{
    const int genpts = s->flags & AVFMT_FLAG_GENPTS;
    int eof = 0;
    int ret;
    AVStream *st;

    if (!genpts) {
        ret = s->internal->packet_buffer
              ? ff_packet_list_get(&s->internal->packet_buffer,
                                        &s->internal->packet_buffer_end, pkt)
              : read_frame_internal(s, pkt);
        if (ret < 0)
            return ret;
        goto return_packet;
    }

    for (;;) {
        AVPacketList *pktl = s->internal->packet_buffer;

        if (pktl) {
            AVPacket *next_pkt = &pktl->pkt;

            if (next_pkt->dts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE) {
                int wrap_bits = s->streams[next_pkt->stream_index]->pts_wrap_bits;
                // last dts seen for this stream. if any of packets following
                // current one had no dts, we will set this to AV_NOPTS_VALUE.
                int64_t last_dts = next_pkt->dts;
                av_assert2(wrap_bits <= 64);
                while (pktl && next_pkt->pts == AV_NOPTS_VALUE) {
                    if (pktl->pkt.stream_index == next_pkt->stream_index &&
                        av_compare_mod(next_pkt->dts, pktl->pkt.dts, 2ULL << (wrap_bits - 1)) < 0) {
                        if (av_compare_mod(pktl->pkt.pts, pktl->pkt.dts, 2ULL << (wrap_bits - 1))) {
                            // not B-frame
                            next_pkt->pts = pktl->pkt.dts;
                        }
                        if (last_dts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE) {
                            // Once last dts was set to AV_NOPTS_VALUE, we don't change it.
                            last_dts = pktl->pkt.dts;
                        }
                    }
                    pktl = pktl->next;
                }
                if (eof && next_pkt->pts == AV_NOPTS_VALUE && last_dts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE) {
                    // Fixing the last reference frame had none pts issue (For MXF etc).
                    // We only do this when
                    // 1. eof.
                    // 2. we are not able to resolve a pts value for current packet.
                    // 3. the packets for this stream at the end of the files had valid dts.
                    next_pkt->pts = last_dts + next_pkt->duration;
                }
                pktl = s->internal->packet_buffer;
            }

            /* read packet from packet buffer, if there is data */
            st = s->streams[next_pkt->stream_index];
            if (!(next_pkt->pts == AV_NOPTS_VALUE && st->discard < AVDISCARD_ALL &&
                  next_pkt->dts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE && !eof)) {
                ret = ff_packet_list_get(&s->internal->packet_buffer,
                                               &s->internal->packet_buffer_end, pkt);
                goto return_packet;
            }
        }

        ret = read_frame_internal(s, pkt);
        if (ret < 0) {
            if (pktl && ret != AVERROR(EAGAIN)) {
                eof = 1;
                continue;
            } else
                return ret;
        }

        ret = ff_packet_list_put(&s->internal->packet_buffer,
                                 &s->internal->packet_buffer_end,
                                 pkt, FF_PACKETLIST_FLAG_REF_PACKET);
        av_packet_unref(pkt);
        if (ret < 0)
            return ret;
    }

return_packet:

    st = s->streams[pkt->stream_index];
    if ((s->iformat->flags & AVFMT_GENERIC_INDEX) && pkt->flags & AV_PKT_FLAG_KEY) {
        ff_reduce_index(s, st->index);
        av_add_index_entry(st, pkt->pos, pkt->dts, 0, 0, AVINDEX_KEYFRAME);
    }

    if (is_relative(pkt->dts))
        pkt->dts -= RELATIVE_TS_BASE;
    if (is_relative(pkt->pts))
        pkt->pts -= RELATIVE_TS_BASE;

    return ret;
}

当s->internal->packet_buffer != NULL就直接调用ff_packet_list_get()并返回该list中的一个packet

int ff_packet_list_get(AVPacketList **pkt_buffer,
                       AVPacketList **pkt_buffer_end,
                       AVPacket      *pkt)
{
    AVPacketList *pktl;
    av_assert0(*pkt_buffer);
    pktl        = *pkt_buffer;
    *pkt        = pktl->pkt;
    *pkt_buffer = pktl->next;
    if (!pktl->next)
        *pkt_buffer_end = NULL;
    av_freep(&pktl);
    return 0;
}

反之，则调用read_frame_internal()

static int read_frame_internal(AVFormatContext *s, AVPacket *pkt)
{
    int ret = 0, i, got_packet = 0;
    AVDictionary *metadata = NULL;

    av_init_packet(pkt);

    while (!got_packet && !s->internal->parse_queue) {
        AVStream *st;
        AVPacket cur_pkt;

        /* read next packet */
        ret = ff_read_packet(s, &cur_pkt);
        if (ret < 0) {
            if (ret == AVERROR(EAGAIN))
                return ret;
            /* flush the parsers */
            for (i = 0; i < s->nb_streams; i++) {
                st = s->streams[i];
                if (st->parser && st->need_parsing)
                    parse_packet(s, NULL, st->index);
            }
            /* all remaining packets are now in parse_queue =>
             * really terminate parsing */
            break;
        }
        ret = 0;
        st  = s->streams[cur_pkt.stream_index];

        /* update context if required */
        if (st->internal->need_context_update) {
            if (avcodec_is_open(st->internal->avctx)) {
                av_log(s, AV_LOG_DEBUG, "Demuxer context update while decoder is open, closing and trying to re-open\n");
                avcodec_close(st->internal->avctx);
                st->info->found_decoder = 0;
            }

            /* close parser, because it depends on the codec */
            if (st->parser && st->internal->avctx->codec_id != st->codecpar->codec_id) {
                av_parser_close(st->parser);
                st->parser = NULL;
            }

            ret = avcodec_parameters_to_context(st->internal->avctx, st->codecpar);
            if (ret < 0)
                return ret;

#if FF_API_LAVF_AVCTX
FF_DISABLE_DEPRECATION_WARNINGS
            /* update deprecated public codec context */
            ret = avcodec_parameters_to_context(st->codec, st->codecpar);
            if (ret < 0)
                return ret;
FF_ENABLE_DEPRECATION_WARNINGS
#endif

            st->internal->need_context_update = 0;
        }

        if (cur_pkt.pts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE &&
            cur_pkt.dts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE &&
            cur_pkt.pts < cur_pkt.dts) {
            av_log(s, AV_LOG_WARNING,
                   "Invalid timestamps stream=%d, pts=%s, dts=%s, size=%d\n",
                   cur_pkt.stream_index,
                   av_ts2str(cur_pkt.pts),
                   av_ts2str(cur_pkt.dts),
                   cur_pkt.size);
        }
        if (s->debug & FF_FDEBUG_TS)
            av_log(s, AV_LOG_DEBUG,
                   "ff_read_packet stream=%d, pts=%s, dts=%s, size=%d, duration=%"PRId64", flags=%d\n",
                   cur_pkt.stream_index,
                   av_ts2str(cur_pkt.pts),
                   av_ts2str(cur_pkt.dts),
                   cur_pkt.size, cur_pkt.duration, cur_pkt.flags);

        if (st->need_parsing && !st->parser && !(s->flags & AVFMT_FLAG_NOPARSE)) {
            st->parser = av_parser_init(st->codecpar->codec_id);
            if (!st->parser) {
                av_log(s, AV_LOG_VERBOSE, "parser not found for codec "
                       "%s, packets or times may be invalid.\n",
                       avcodec_get_name(st->codecpar->codec_id));
                /* no parser available: just output the raw packets */
                st->need_parsing = AVSTREAM_PARSE_NONE;
            } else if (st->need_parsing == AVSTREAM_PARSE_HEADERS)
                st->parser->flags |= PARSER_FLAG_COMPLETE_FRAMES;
            else if (st->need_parsing == AVSTREAM_PARSE_FULL_ONCE)
                st->parser->flags |= PARSER_FLAG_ONCE;
            else if (st->need_parsing == AVSTREAM_PARSE_FULL_RAW)
                st->parser->flags |= PARSER_FLAG_USE_CODEC_TS;
        }

        if (!st->need_parsing || !st->parser) {
            /* no parsing needed: we just output the packet as is */
            *pkt = cur_pkt;
            compute_pkt_fields(s, st, NULL, pkt, AV_NOPTS_VALUE, AV_NOPTS_VALUE);
            if ((s->iformat->flags & AVFMT_GENERIC_INDEX) &&
                (pkt->flags & AV_PKT_FLAG_KEY) && pkt->dts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE) {
                ff_reduce_index(s, st->index);
                av_add_index_entry(st, pkt->pos, pkt->dts,
                                   0, 0, AVINDEX_KEYFRAME);
            }
            got_packet = 1;
        } else if (st->discard < AVDISCARD_ALL) {
            if ((ret = parse_packet(s, &cur_pkt, cur_pkt.stream_index)) < 0)
                return ret;
            st->codecpar->sample_rate = st->internal->avctx->sample_rate;
            st->codecpar->bit_rate = st->internal->avctx->bit_rate;
            st->codecpar->channels = st->internal->avctx->channels;
            st->codecpar->channel_layout = st->internal->avctx->channel_layout;
            st->codecpar->codec_id = st->internal->avctx->codec_id;
        } else {
            /* free packet */
            av_packet_unref(&cur_pkt);
        }
        if (pkt->flags & AV_PKT_FLAG_KEY)
            st->skip_to_keyframe = 0;
        if (st->skip_to_keyframe) {
            av_packet_unref(&cur_pkt);
            if (got_packet) {
                *pkt = cur_pkt;
            }
            got_packet = 0;
        }
    }

    if (!got_packet && s->internal->parse_queue)
        ret = ff_packet_list_get(&s->internal->parse_queue, &s->internal->parse_queue_end, pkt);

    if (ret >= 0) {
        AVStream *st = s->streams[pkt->stream_index];
        int discard_padding = 0;
        if (st->first_discard_sample && pkt->pts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE) {
            int64_t pts = pkt->pts - (is_relative(pkt->pts) ? RELATIVE_TS_BASE : 0);
            int64_t sample = ts_to_samples(st, pts);
            int duration = ts_to_samples(st, pkt->duration);
            int64_t end_sample = sample + duration;
            if (duration > 0 && end_sample >= st->first_discard_sample &&
                sample < st->last_discard_sample)
                discard_padding = FFMIN(end_sample - st->first_discard_sample, duration);
        }
        if (st->start_skip_samples && (pkt->pts == 0 || pkt->pts == RELATIVE_TS_BASE))
            st->skip_samples = st->start_skip_samples;
        if (st->skip_samples || discard_padding) {
            uint8_t *p = av_packet_new_side_data(pkt, AV_PKT_DATA_SKIP_SAMPLES, 10);
            if (p) {
                AV_WL32(p, st->skip_samples);
                AV_WL32(p + 4, discard_padding);
                av_log(s, AV_LOG_DEBUG, "demuxer injecting skip %d / discard %d\n", st->skip_samples, discard_padding);
            }
            st->skip_samples = 0;
        }

        if (st->inject_global_side_data) {
            for (i = 0; i < st->nb_side_data; i++) {
                AVPacketSideData *src_sd = &st->side_data[i];
                uint8_t *dst_data;

                if (av_packet_get_side_data(pkt, src_sd->type, NULL))
                    continue;

                dst_data = av_packet_new_side_data(pkt, src_sd->type, src_sd->size);
                if (!dst_data) {
                    av_log(s, AV_LOG_WARNING, "Could not inject global side data\n");
                    continue;
                }

                memcpy(dst_data, src_sd->data, src_sd->size);
            }
            st->inject_global_side_data = 0;
        }
    }

    av_opt_get_dict_val(s, "metadata", AV_OPT_SEARCH_CHILDREN, &metadata);
    if (metadata) {
        s->event_flags |= AVFMT_EVENT_FLAG_METADATA_UPDATED;
        av_dict_copy(&s->metadata, metadata, 0);
        av_dict_free(&metadata);
        av_opt_set_dict_val(s, "metadata", NULL, AV_OPT_SEARCH_CHILDREN);
    }

#if FF_API_LAVF_AVCTX
    update_stream_avctx(s);
#endif

    if (s->debug & FF_FDEBUG_TS)
        av_log(s, AV_LOG_DEBUG,
               "read_frame_internal stream=%d, pts=%s, dts=%s, "
               "size=%d, duration=%"PRId64", flags=%d\n",
               pkt->stream_index,
               av_ts2str(pkt->pts),
               av_ts2str(pkt->dts),
               pkt->size, pkt->duration, pkt->flags);

    return ret;
}