webview创建过程分析（一）

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已于 2022-11-09 10:03:00 修改

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于 2022-11-09 10:02:53 首次发布

原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/andyhxc/article/details/89453359

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我们知道在使用webview的时候需要先创建一个weview，即

WebView webView = new WebView(context)
今天我们通过源码来分析这个WebView的创建过程。当我们使用上面的代码创建webview之后，会调用到下面WebView的构造方法中，这里除了context参数之后其他的都是默认值

protected WebView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyleAttr, int defStyleRes,
Map<String, Object> javaScriptInterfaces, boolean privateBrowsing) {
super(context, attrs, defStyleAttr, defStyleRes);

// WebView is important by default, unless app developer overrode attribute.
if (getImportantForAutofill() == IMPORTANT_FOR_AUTOFILL_AUTO) {
setImportantForAutofill(IMPORTANT_FOR_AUTOFILL_YES);
}

if (context == null) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid context argument");
}
sEnforceThreadChecking = context.getApplicationInfo().targetSdkVersion >=
Build.VERSION_CODES.JELLY_BEAN_MR2;

//1.线程检查
checkThread();

//2.创建WebViewProvider
ensureProviderCreated();

//3.初始化WebViewProvider
mProvider.init(javaScriptInterfaces, privateBrowsing);
// Post condition of creating a webview is the CookieSyncManager.getInstance() is allowed.
CookieSyncManager.setGetInstanceIsAllowed();
}

从上面的创建过程可以知道这里主要分3步

进行线程检查
初始化WebViewProvider
初始化这个provider。
接下来我们仔细分析下第二和第三步

创建WebViewProvider
我们看下创建WebViewProvider的源码过程，也就是WebView中ensureProviderCreated()方法

private void ensureProviderCreated() {
checkThread();
if (mProvider == null) {
// As this can get called during the base class constructor chain, pass the minimum
// number of dependencies here; the rest are deferred to init().

//主要过程分为两步
//1.getFactory
//2.createWebView
mProvider = getFactory().createWebView(this, new PrivateAccess());
}
}
private static WebViewFactoryProvider getFactory() {
return WebViewFactory.getProvider();
}
这里会调用WebViewFactory 的getProvider方法：

getProvider
static WebViewFactoryProvider getProvider() {
synchronized (sProviderLock) {
// For now the main purpose of this function (and the factory abstraction) is to keep
// us honest and minimize usage of WebView internals when binding the proxy.
if (sProviderInstance != null) return sProviderInstance;

final int uid = android.os.Process.myUid();
if (uid == android.os.Process.ROOT_UID || uid == android.os.Process.SYSTEM_UID
|| uid == android.os.Process.PHONE_UID || uid == android.os.Process.NFC_UID
|| uid == android.os.Process.BLUETOOTH_UID) {
throw new UnsupportedOperationException(
"For security reasons, WebView is not allowed in privileged processes");
}

StrictMode.ThreadPolicy oldPolicy = StrictMode.allowThreadDiskReads();
Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_WEBVIEW, "WebViewFactory.getProvider()");
try {

1.获取providerClass类
Class<WebViewFactoryProvider> providerClass = getProviderClass();
Method staticFactory = null;
try {
2.获取“create”方法名
staticFactory = providerClass.getMethod(
CHROMIUM_WEBVIEW_FACTORY_METHOD, WebViewDelegate.class);
} catch (Exception e) {
if (DEBUG) {
Log.w(LOGTAG, "error instantiating provider with static factory method", e);
}
}

Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_WEBVIEW, "WebViewFactoryProvider invocation");
try {
3.创建provider实例
sProviderInstance = (WebViewFactoryProvider)
staticFactory.invoke(null, new WebViewDelegate());
if (DEBUG) Log.v(LOGTAG, "Loaded provider: " + sProviderInstance);
return sProviderInstance;
} catch (Exception e) {
Log.e(LOGTAG, "error instantiating provider", e);
throw new AndroidRuntimeException(e);
} finally {
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_WEBVIEW);
}
} finally {
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_WEBVIEW);
StrictMode.setThreadPolicy(oldPolicy);
}
}
}

我们把getProvider的执行过程主要分为3个步骤

获取providerClass类
获取“create”方法名
创建provider实例
下面分别看下这几个步骤的实现

获取providerClass类
private static Class<WebViewFactoryProvider> getProviderClass() {
Context webViewContext = null;
Application initialApplication = AppGlobals.getInitialApplication();

try {
Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_WEBVIEW,
"WebViewFactory.getWebViewContextAndSetProvider()");
try {
webViewContext = getWebViewContextAndSetProvider();
} finally {
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_WEBVIEW);
}
Log.i(LOGTAG, "Loading " + sPackageInfo.packageName + " version " +
sPackageInfo.versionName + " (code " + sPackageInfo.versionCode + ")");

Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_WEBVIEW, "WebViewFactory.getChromiumProviderClass()");
try {
initialApplication.getAssets().addAssetPathAsSharedLibrary(
webViewContext.getApplicationInfo().sourceDir);
ClassLoader clazzLoader = webViewContext.getClassLoader();

Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_WEBVIEW, "WebViewFactory.loadNativeLibrary()");

1.loadNativeLibrary
loadNativeLibrary(clazzLoader, sPackageInfo);
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_WEBVIEW);

Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_WEBVIEW, "Class.forName()");
try {
2.获取provider类型
return getWebViewProviderClass(clazzLoader);
} finally {
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_WEBVIEW);
}
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
Log.e(LOGTAG, "error loading provider", e);
throw new AndroidRuntimeException(e);
} finally {
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_WEBVIEW);
}
} catch (MissingWebViewPackageException e) {
// If the package doesn't exist, then try loading the null WebView instead.
// If that succeeds, then this is a device without WebView support; if it fails then
// swallow the failure, complain that the real WebView is missing and rethrow the
// original exception.
try {
return (Class<WebViewFactoryProvider>) Class.forName(NULL_WEBVIEW_FACTORY);
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e2) {
// Ignore.
}
Log.e(LOGTAG, "Chromium WebView package does not exist", e);
throw new AndroidRuntimeException(e);
}
}

整个getProviderClass过程中会先加载chromium 的so，然后通过getWebViewProviderClass获取provider的类型，我们看下getWebViewProviderClass的实现过程

getWebViewProviderClass
public static Class<WebViewFactoryProvider> getWebViewProviderClass(ClassLoader clazzLoader)
throws ClassNotFoundException {
return (Class<WebViewFactoryProvider>) Class.forName(CHROMIUM_WEBVIEW_FACTORY,
true, clazzLoader);
}

//不同版本会有不同的值
private static final String CHROMIUM_WEBVIEW_FACTORY =
63 "com.android.webview.chromium.WebViewChromiumFactoryProviderForO"
从上面的逻辑可以看到，不同版本会有不同的WebViewFactoryProvider类。

从ensureProviderCreated可以知道要创建WebViewProvider需要两步，第一创建WebViewFactoryProvider，第二步调用WebViewFactoryProvider的createWebView方法创建WebViewProvider。

从上面的源码可以知道WebViewFactoryProvider的创建主要是通过反射来创建的，而创建的实例是WebViewChromiumFactoryProviderForOMR1的对象。接下来我们看下这个类

class WebViewChromiumFactoryProviderForOMR1 extends WebViewChromiumFactoryProvider {
public static WebViewChromiumFactoryProvider create(android.webkit.WebViewDelegate delegate) {
return new WebViewChromiumFactoryProviderForOMR1(delegate);
}
protected WebViewChromiumFactoryProviderForOMR1(android.webkit.WebViewDelegate delegate) {
super(delegate);
}
}
WebViewChromiumFactoryProviderForOMR1这个类其实很简单，它继承WebViewChromiumFactoryProvider，主要的功能也是在父类中实现的，WebViewChromiumFactoryProviderForOMR1这个本身更像是一个跟随版本变化的一个webview框架跟chromium之间的一个桥梁。

从上面的代码可以知道在ensureProviderCreated这里得到的WebViewFactoryProvider其实是一个WebViewChromiumFactoryProvider。

有了WebViewChromiumFactoryProvider类名之后我们在回到 getProvider的步骤中，看下获取create方法名

获取“create”方法名
private static final String CHROMIUM_WEBVIEW_FACTORY_METHOD = "create";
。。。。。。
try {
2.获取“create”方法名
staticFactory = providerClass.getMethod(
CHROMIUM_WEBVIEW_FACTORY_METHOD, WebViewDelegate.class);
} catch (Exception e) {
if (DEBUG) {
Log.w(LOGTAG, "error instantiating provider with static factory method", e);
}
}
。。。。。。。
从这里可以看出调用的方法名create方法，方法的参数类型是WebViewDelegate

再接着看getProvider的步骤

创建provider实例
。。。。。。。
try {
3.创建provider实例
sProviderInstance = (WebViewFactoryProvider)
staticFactory.invoke(null, new WebViewDelegate());
if (DEBUG) Log.v(LOGTAG, "Loaded provider: " + sProviderInstance);
return sProviderInstance;
} catch (Exception e) {
Log.e(LOGTAG, "error instantiating provider", e);
throw new AndroidRuntimeException(e);
} finally {
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_WEBVIEW);
}
。。。。。。。。
这里会先new 一个WebViewDelegate对象，然后执行create方法来得到一个WebViewFactoryProvider对象。

有了WebViewFactoryProvider之后就可以用来创建WebViewProvider了。

public WebViewProvider createWebView(WebView webView, WebView.PrivateAccess privateAccess) {
return new WebViewChromium(this, webView, privateAccess, mShouldDisableThreadChecking);
}
从上面的代码可以知道这里最终创建WebViewProvider的是一个WebViewChromium对象

有了WebViewChromium之后就调用它的init方法

小结一下：

在webview的创建过程中会创建WebViewChormiumFactoryProvider和WebViewChromium对象。至于WebViewChormiumFactoryProvider和WebViewChromium的初始化过程以及WebViewChromium的init方法中执行了何种操作，我们在下一篇文章中进行分析
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原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/andyhxc/article/details/89453359