FSTAB的手册

FSTAB(5)                                             File Formats                                            FSTAB(5)

NAME
       fstab - static information about the filesystems

SYNOPSIS
       /etc/fstab

DESCRIPTION
       The  file  fstab  contains  descriptive information about the filesystems the system can mount.  fstab is only  read by programs, and not written; it is the duty of the system administrator to properly create and  maintain  this  file.   The order of records in fstab is important because fsck(8), mount(8), and umount(8) sequentially iterate through fstab doing their thing.

       Each filesystem is described on a separate line.  Fields on each line are separated by tabs or spaces.   Lines starting with '#' are comments.  Blank lines are ignored.

       The following is a typical example of an fstab entry:

              LABEL=t-home2   /home      ext4    defaults,auto_da_alloc      0  2

       The first field (fs_spec).
              This field describes the block special device or remote filesystem to be mounted.

              For  ordinary mounts, it will hold (a link to) a block special device node (as created by mknod(8)) for the device  to  be  mounted,  like  `/dev/cdrom'  or  `/dev/sdb7'.   For  NFS  mounts,  this  field  is <host>:<dir>,  e.g.,  `knuth.aeb.nl:/'.   For  filesystems with no storage, any string can be used, and will show up in df(1) output, for example.  Typical usage is  `proc'  for  procfs;  `mem',  `none',  or `tmpfs' for tmpfs.  Other special filesystems, like udev and sysfs, are typically not listed in fstab.

              LABEL=<label> or UUID=<uuid> may be given instead of a device name.  This is the recommended method, as device names are often a coincidence of hardware detection order, and can change when other  disks  are  added  or  removed.   For example, `LABEL=Boot' or `UUID=3e6be9de-8139-11d1-9106-a43f08d823a6'.  (Use a filesystem-specific tool like e2label(8), xfs_admin(8), or fatlabel(8) to set LABELs on filesystems).

              It's also possible to use PARTUUID= and PARTLABEL=. These partitions identifiers are supported for  example for GUID Partition Table (GPT).

              See mount(8), blkid(8) or lsblk(8) for more details about device identifiers.

              Note  that  mount(8)  uses  UUIDs  as strings. The string representation of the UUID should be based on lower case characters.

       The second field (fs_file).
              This field describes the mount point (target) for the filesystem.   For  swap  partitions,  this  field should  be specified as `none'. If the name of the mount point contains spaces or tabs these can be ecaped as `\040' and '\011' respectively.

       The third field (fs_vfstype).
              This field describes the type of the filesystem.  Linux supports  many  filesystem  types:  ext4,  xfs, btrfs, f2fs, vfat, ntfs, hfsplus, tmpfs, sysfs, proc, iso9660, udf, squashfs, nfs, cifs, and many more.
              For more details, see mount(8).

              An entry swap denotes a file or partition to be used for swapping, cf. swapon(8).   An  entry  none  is useful for bind or move mounts.

              More than one type may be specified in a comma-separated list.

              mount(8)  and umount(8) support filesystem subtypes.  The subtype is defined by '.subtype' suffix.  For example 'fuse.sshfs'. It's recommended to use subtype notation rather than add any prefix to the  first fstab field (for example 'sshfs#example.com' is deprecated).

       The fourth field (fs_mntops).
              This field describes the mount options associated with the filesystem.

              It  is  formatted  as a comma-separated list of options.  It contains at least the type of mount (ro or rw), plus any additional options appropriate to the filesystem type (including  performance-tuning  options).  For details, see mount(8) or swapon(8).

              Basic filesystem-independent options are:

              defaults
                     use default options: rw, suid, dev, exec, auto, nouser, and async.

              noauto do not mount when "mount -a" is given (e.g., at boot time)

              user   allow a user to mount

              owner  allow device owner to mount

              comment
                     or x-<name> for use by fstab-maintaining programs

              nofail do not report errors for this device if it does not exist.

       The fifth field (fs_freq).
              This  field  is  used  by  dump(8)  to determine which filesystems need to be dumped.  Defaults to zero
              (don't dump) if not present.

       The sixth field (fs_passno).
              This field is used by fsck(8) to determine the order in which filesystem checks are done at boot  time.
              The  root  filesystem  should  be  specified  with  a  fs_passno of 1.  Other filesystems should have a
              fs_passno of 2.  Filesystems within a drive will be checked sequentially, but filesystems on  different
              drives  will be checked at the same time to utilize parallelism available in the hardware.  Defaults to
              zero (don't fsck) if not present.

NOTES
       The proper way to read records from fstab is to use the routines getmntent(3) or libmount.

       The keyword ignore as a filesystem type (3rd field) is no longer supported by the pure  libmount  based  mount
       utility (since util-linux v2.22).

FILES
       /etc/fstab, <fstab.h>

SEE ALSO
       getmntent(3), fs(5), findmnt(8), mount(8), swapon(8)

HISTORY
       The ancestor of this fstab file format appeared in 4.0BSD.

AVAILABILITY
       This   man   page   is   part   of   the   util-linux   package   and   is   available  from  https://www.ker‐
       nel.org/pub/linux/utils/util-linux/.

util-linux                                          February 2015                                            FSTAB(5)