LeetCode 678. Valid Parenthesis String

题目：

Given a string containing only three types of characters: '(', ')' and '*', write a function to check whether this string is valid. We define the validity of a string by these rules:

1. Any left parenthesis '(' must have a corresponding right parenthesis ')'.
2. Any right parenthesis ')' must have a corresponding left parenthesis '('.
3. Left parenthesis '(' must go before the corresponding right parenthesis ')'.
4. '*' could be treated as a single right parenthesis ')' or a single left parenthesis '(' or an empty string.
5. An empty string is also valid.

 

Example 1:

Input: "()"
Output: True

 

Example 2:

Input: "(*)"
Output: True

 

Example 3:

Input: "(*))"
Output: True

 

Note:

1. The string size will be in the range [1, 100]

 

这道题要我们判断一个string里的括号有没有match。*（星号）在这道题里是一个万能符号，可以同时表示左括号，右括号，和empty string。我学习了一下leetcode上的代码，大致思路是创建两个变量cmax和cmin，分别表示最大可以被match的括号数量和剩余的还未被match的括号数量。代码如下：

class Solution:
    def checkValidString(self, s):
        """
        :type s: str
        :rtype: bool
        """
        cmin = cmax = 0
        for i in s:
            if i == '(':
                cmax += 1
                cmin += 1
            if i == ')':
                cmax -= 1
                cmin = max(cmin - 1, 0)
            if i == '*':
                cmax += 1
                cmin = max(cmin - 1, 0)
            if cmax < 0:
                return False
        return cmin == 0