java实现连接打印机打印PDF文件

一、在pom文件中引入对应的包：

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.pdfbox</groupId>
    <artifactId>pdfbox</artifactId>
    <version>2.0.6</version>
</dependency>

二、在项目中添加代码：

public static void printPDFFile(String fileName) throws Exception {
        File file = new File(fileName);
        PDDocument document = null;
        try {
            document = PDDocument.load(file);
            PrinterJob printJob = PrinterJob.getPrinterJob();
            printJob.setJobName(file.getName());
            //查找所有的可用打印服务
            PrintService[] printServices = PrinterJob.lookupPrintServices();
            if (printServices == null || printServices.length == 0) {
                throw new CustomException(123, "未找到可用打印机，请检查!");
            }
            //定位默认的打印服务
            PrintService defaultService = PrintServiceLookup.lookupDefaultPrintService();
            printJob.setPrintService(defaultService);
            //设置纸张及缩放
            PDFPrintable pdfPrintable = new PDFPrintable(document, Scaling.ACTUAL_SIZE);
            //设置多页打印
            Book book = new Book();
            PageFormat pageFormat = new PageFormat();
            //设置打印方向
            pageFormat.setOrientation(PageFormat.PORTRAIT);//纵向
            pageFormat.setPaper(getPaper());//设置纸张
            book.append(pdfPrintable, pageFormat, document.getNumberOfPages());
            printJob.setPageable(book);
            printJob.setCopies(1);//设置打印份数
            //添加打印属性
            HashPrintRequestAttributeSet pars = new HashPrintRequestAttributeSet();
            pars.add(Sides.DUPLEX); //设置单双页
            printJob.print();
        } finally {
            if (document != null) {
                try {
                    document.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
    }

    public static Paper getPaper() {
        Paper paper = new Paper();
        // 默认为A4纸张，对应像素宽和高分别为 595, 842
        int width = 595;
        int height = 842;
        // 设置边距，单位是像素，10mm边距，对应 28px
        int marginLeft = 10;
        int marginRight = 0;
        int marginTop = 10;
        int marginBottom = 0;
        paper.setSize(width, height);
        // 下面一行代码，解决了打印内容为空的问题
        paper.setImageableArea(marginLeft, marginRight, width - (marginLeft + marginRight), height - (marginTop + marginBottom));
        return paper;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        printPDFFile("D:\\测试文档.pdf");
    }

关于打印时PDF缩放的问题：

package org.apache.pdfbox.printing;

public enum Scaling {
    //实际大小
    ACTUAL_SIZE,
    //缩小
    SHRINK_TO_FIT,
    //拉伸
    STRETCH_TO_FIT,
    //自适应
    SCALE_TO_FIT;

    private Scaling() {
    }
}