使用阿里云对象存储OSS上传文件

1,登录阿里云官网,开通oss对象存储

 管理控制台是我已经开通过了,没有开始这里是立即开通,直接开通即可

2,点击管理控制台进入,创建Bucket(类似jav中的包)

 3,创建阿里云的密码AccessKey ID 和 AccessKey Secret

 并且记住AccessKey ID 和 AccessKey Secret,待会需要使用

 4,查看阿里云oss文件上传的api

 

5,编写java接口代码

5.1阿里云对象存储-普通上传方式

这种方法浏览器需要把文件提交给服务器,服务器再把文件上传给OSS,每次上传都要经过微服务,太麻烦 

5.1.1加入依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.aliyun.oss</groupId>
    <artifactId>aliyun-sdk-oss</artifactId>
    <version>3.15.1</version>
</dependency>

5.1.2配置文件

server.port=8002
spring.application.name=service-oss
spring.profiles.active=dev
//地域节点
aliyun.oss.file.endpoint=oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com
aliyun.oss.file.keyid=LTAI4GD8gqB3npnPsc81vKXy
aliyun.oss.file.keysecret=gnh245WziZjzd8NG3nIi7CfQHcqlKG
aliyun.oss.file.bucketname=edu-20230220

5.1.3OssController 

package com.atguigu.oss.controller;

import com.atguigu.commonutils.Result;
import com.atguigu.oss.service.OssService;
import io.swagger.annotations.Api;
import io.swagger.annotations.ApiOperation;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.CrossOrigin;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/oss/file")
@Api(description="文件上传")
public class OssController {

    @Autowired
    private OssService ossService;

    //上传头像的方法
    @PostMapping
    @ApiOperation(value = "上传头像")
    public Result uploadOssFile(MultipartFile file) {
        //获取上传文件  MultipartFile
        //返回上传到oss的路径
        String url = ossService.uploadFileAvatar(file);
        return Result.ok().data("url",url);
    }
}

5.1.4常量获取配置文件的值 

package com.atguigu.oss.utils;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.InitializingBean;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

//当项目已启动，spring接口，spring加载之后，执行接口一个方法
@Component
public class ConstantPropertiesUtils implements InitializingBean {

    //读取配置文件内容
    @Value("${aliyun.oss.file.endpoint}")
    private String endpoint;

    @Value("${aliyun.oss.file.keyid}")
    private String keyId;

    @Value("${aliyun.oss.file.keysecret}")
    private String keySecret;

    @Value("${aliyun.oss.file.bucketname}")
    private String bucketName;

    //定义公开静态常量
    public static String END_POIND;
    public static String ACCESS_KEY_ID;
    public static String ACCESS_KEY_SECRET;
    public static String BUCKET_NAME;

    @Override
    public void afterPropertiesSet() throws Exception {
        END_POIND = endpoint;
        ACCESS_KEY_ID = keyId;
        ACCESS_KEY_SECRET = keySecret;
        BUCKET_NAME = bucketName;
    }
}

5.1.5 OssService 

package com.atguigu.oss.service;

import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;

public interface OssService {
    //上传头像到oss
    String uploadFileAvatar(MultipartFile file);
}

5.1.6OssServiceImpl 

package com.atguigu.oss.service.impl;

import com.aliyun.oss.OSS;
import com.aliyun.oss.OSSClientBuilder;
import com.atguigu.oss.service.OssService;
import com.atguigu.oss.utils.ConstantPropertiesUtils;
import org.joda.time.DateTime;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;

import java.io.InputStream;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.UUID;

@Service
public class OssServiceImpl implements OssService {
    //上传头像到oss
    @Override
    public String uploadFileAvatar(MultipartFile file) {
        //工具类获取值
        String endpoint = ConstantPropertiesUtils.END_POIND;
        String accessKeyId = ConstantPropertiesUtils.ACCESS_KEY_ID;
        String accessKeySecret = ConstantPropertiesUtils.ACCESS_KEY_SECRET;
        String bucketName = ConstantPropertiesUtils.BUCKET_NAME;
        try {
            // 创建OSS实例。
            OSS ossClient = new OSSClientBuilder().build(endpoint, accessKeyId, accessKeySecret);
            //获取上传文件输入流
            InputStream inputStream = file.getInputStream();
            //获取文件名称
            String fileName = file.getOriginalFilename();
            //1 在文件名称里面添加随机唯一的值
            String uuid = UUID.randomUUID().toString().replaceAll("-","");
            //yuy76t5rew01.jpg
            fileName = uuid+fileName;
            //2 把文件按照日期进行分类
            //获取当前日期
            //2023/02/20
            String datePath = new DateTime().toString("yyyy/MM/dd");
            //拼接
            //2023/02/20/ewtqr313401.jpg
            fileName = datePath+"/"+fileName;
            //调用oss方法实现上传
            //第一个参数  Bucket名称
            //第二个参数  上传到oss文件路径和文件名称   aa/bb/1.jpg
            //第三个参数  上传文件输入流
            ossClient.putObject(bucketName,fileName , inputStream);
            // 关闭OSSClient。
            ossClient.shutdown();
            //把上传之后文件路径返回
            //需要把上传到阿里云oss路径手动拼接出来
            //https://edu-20230220.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/01.jpg
            String url = "https://"+bucketName+"."+endpoint+"/"+fileName;
            return url;
        }catch(Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            return null;
        }
    }
}

5.1.7postman测试文件上传

 注意:在文件名称加入了uuid是为了防止名称相同后面会覆盖前面的(不加上传相同的文件名称后面会覆盖前面的);uuid前面加入了时间格式,是为了用时间进行分组,在一个项目中会上传多个文件,这样可以根据上传时间分组

5.2阿里云对象存储-采用springclod-oss方式

5.2.1添加依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>aliyun-oss-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
</dependency>

5.2.2添加配置文件

server:
  port: 30000
spring:
  cloud:
    alicloud:
      access-key: LTAI5tDj6DJJru2ajAtNZoxk
      secret-key: EcGLQvQYyeRkJyZgvrIK6a1r7Eg6DW
      oss:
        endpoint: oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com
        bucket: gulimall-20240303

5.2.3使用SpringCloud阿里云封装好的OSSClient直接进行上传

测试用例
@SpringBootTest
public class TestFor {
    @Resource
    OSSClient ossClient;
    @Test
    public void test() throws FileNotFoundException {
        FileInputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream("C:\\Users\\Pictures\\903d28ab0e2f4bb59bdf8f7c6fd22fe4.jpg");
        ossClient.putObject("gulimall-xuda","903d28ab0e2f4bb59bdf8f7c6fd22fe4.jpg",inputStream);
        ossClient.shutdown();
        System.out.println("上传完成");
    }
}
 

5.3阿里云对象存储-服务端签名后直传 

这种方法浏览器可以直接把文件上传给文件存储为了安全,浏览器只需要找服务器要签名数据 

5.3.1加入依赖

5.3.2配置文件

5.3.3获取签名数据

protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws ServletException, IOException {

       // 从环境变量中获取访问凭证。运行本代码示例之前，请确保已设置环境变量OSS_ACCESS_KEY_ID和OSS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET。
       EnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider credentialsProvider = CredentialsProviderFactory.newEnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider();
       // Endpoint以华东1（杭州）为例，其他Region请按实际情况填写。
       String endpoint = "oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com"; 
       // 填写Bucket名称，例如examplebucket。
       String bucket = "examplebucket"; 
       // 填写Host名称，格式为https://bucketname.endpoint。                   
       String host = "https://examplebucket.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com"; 
       // 设置上传回调URL，即回调服务器地址，用于处理应用服务器与OSS之间的通信。OSS会在文件上传完成后，把文件上传信息通过此回调URL发送给应用服务器。
       String callbackUrl = "https://192.168.0.0:8888";
       // 设置上传到OSS文件的前缀，可置空此项。置空后，文件将上传至Bucket的根目录下。
       String dir = "exampledir/"; 

        // 创建OSSClient实例。
        OSS ossClient = new OSSClientBuilder().build(endpoint, credentialsProvider);
        try {
            long expireTime = 30;
            long expireEndTime = System.currentTimeMillis() + expireTime * 1000;
            Date expiration = new Date(expireEndTime);
            // PostObject请求最大可支持的文件大小为5 GB，即CONTENT_LENGTH_RANGE为5*1024*1024*1024。
            PolicyConditions policyConds = new PolicyConditions();
            policyConds.addConditionItem(PolicyConditions.COND_CONTENT_LENGTH_RANGE, 0, 1048576000);
            policyConds.addConditionItem(MatchMode.StartWith, PolicyConditions.COND_KEY, dir);

            String postPolicy = ossClient.generatePostPolicy(expiration, policyConds);
            byte[] binaryData = postPolicy.getBytes("utf-8");
            String accessId = credentialsProvider.getCredentials().getAccessKeyId();
            String encodedPolicy = BinaryUtil.toBase64String(binaryData);
            String postSignature = ossClient.calculatePostSignature(postPolicy);

            Map<String, String> respMap = new LinkedHashMap<String, String>();
            respMap.put("accessid", accessId);
            respMap.put("policy", encodedPolicy);
            respMap.put("signature", postSignature);
            respMap.put("dir", dir);
            respMap.put("host", host);
            respMap.put("expire", String.valueOf(expireEndTime / 1000));
            // respMap.put("expire", formatISO8601Date(expiration));

            JSONObject jasonCallback = new JSONObject();
            jasonCallback.put("callbackUrl", callbackUrl);
            jasonCallback.put("callbackBody",
                    "filename=${object}&size=${size}&mimeType=${mimeType}&height=${imageInfo.height}&width=${imageInfo.width}");
            jasonCallback.put("callbackBodyType", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
            String base64CallbackBody = BinaryUtil.toBase64String(jasonCallback.toString().getBytes());
            respMap.put("callback", base64CallbackBody);

            JSONObject ja1 = JSONObject.fromObject(respMap);
            // System.out.println(ja1.toString());
            response.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Origin", "*");
            response.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Methods", "GET, POST");
            response(request, response, ja1.toString());

        } catch (Exception e) {
            // Assert.fail(e.getMessage());
            System.out.println(e.getMessage());
        } finally { 
            ossClient.shutdown();
        }
    }

5.3.4前端文件上传组件

5.3.5由于浏览器携带签名数据和文件直接上传到对象存储,会产生跨域,因为在对象存储那边放开跨域访问限制