PaddleNLP实战——LIC2021关系抽取任务基线（附代码）

最新推荐文章于 2023-05-27 17:07:55 发布

南有芙蕖

最新推荐文章于 2023-05-27 17:07:55 发布

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分类专栏： Information extraction 文章标签：深度学习 python 自然语言处理关系抽取 nlp

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_42691585/article/details/115605591

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PaddleNLP实战——LIC2021关系抽取任务基线

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/home/aistudio/relation_extraction

一、关系抽取基线

针对 DuIE2.0 任务中多条、交叠SPO这一抽取目标，比赛对标准的 ‘BIO’ 标注进行了扩展。 对于每个 token，根据其在实体span中的位置（包括B、I、O三种），我们为其打上三类标签，并且根据其所参与构建的predicate种类，将 B 标签进一步区分。给定 schema 集合，对于 N 种不同 predicate，以及头实体/尾实体两种情况，我们设计对应的共 2N 种 B 标签，再合并 I 和 O 标签，故每个 token 一共有 (2N+2) 个标签，如下图所示。

在这里插入图片描述

评价方法

对测试集上参评系统输出的SPO结果和人工标注的SPO结果进行精准匹配，采用F1值作为评价指标。注意，对于复杂O值类型的SPO，必须所有槽位都精确匹配才认为该SPO抽取正确。针对部分文本中存在实体别名的问题，使用百度知识图谱的别名词典来辅助评测。F1值的计算方式如下：

F1 = (2 * P * R) / (P + R)，其中

• P = 测试集所有句子中预测正确的SPO个数 / 测试集所有句子中预测出的SPO个数
• R = 测试集所有句子中预测正确的SPO个数 / 测试集所有句子中人工标注的SPO个数

1.1 快速复现基线Step1：构建模型

该任务可以看作一个序列标注任务，所以基线模型采用的是ERNIE序列标注模型。

PaddleNLP提供了ERNIE预训练模型常用序列标注模型，可以通过指定模型名字完成一键加载。PaddleNLP为了方便用户处理数据，内置了对于各个预训练模型对应的Tokenizer，可以完成文本token化，转token ID，文本长度截断等操作。

文本数据处理直接调用tokenizer即可输出模型所需输入数据。

import os
import json
from paddlenlp.transformers import ErnieForTokenClassification, ErnieTokenizer

label_map_path = os.path.join('data', "predicate2id.json")
if not (os.path.exists(label_map_path) and os.path.isfile(label_map_path)):
    sys.exit("{} dose not exists or is not a file.".format(label_map_path))
with open(label_map_path, 'r', encoding='utf8') as fp:
    label_map = json.load(fp)
num_classes = (len(label_map.keys()) - 2) * 2 + 2

model = ErnieForTokenClassification.from_pretrained("ernie-1.0", num_classes=(len(label_map) - 2) * 2 + 2)
tokenizer = ErnieTokenizer.from_pretrained("ernie-1.0")

inputs = tokenizer(text="请输入测试样例", max_seq_len=20)

[2021-04-12 08:24:15,835] [    INFO] - Downloading https://paddlenlp.bj.bcebos.com/models/transformers/ernie/ernie_v1_chn_base.pdparams and saved to /home/aistudio/.paddlenlp/models/ernie-1.0
[2021-04-12 08:24:15,838] [    INFO] - Downloading ernie_v1_chn_base.pdparams from https://paddlenlp.bj.bcebos.com/models/transformers/ernie/ernie_v1_chn_base.pdparams
100%|██████████| 390123/390123 [00:05<00:00, 68401.29it/s]
/opt/conda/envs/python35-paddle120-env/lib/python3.7/site-packages/paddle/fluid/dygraph/layers.py:1303: UserWarning: Skip loading for classifier.weight. classifier.weight is not found in the provided dict.
  warnings.warn(("Skip loading for {}. ".format(key) + str(err)))
/opt/conda/envs/python35-paddle120-env/lib/python3.7/site-packages/paddle/fluid/dygraph/layers.py:1303: UserWarning: Skip loading for classifier.bias. classifier.bias is not found in the provided dict.
  warnings.warn(("Skip loading for {}. ".format(key) + str(err)))
[2021-04-12 08:24:26,844] [    INFO] - Downloading vocab.txt from https://paddlenlp.bj.bcebos.com/models/transformers/ernie/vocab.txt
100%|██████████| 89/89 [00:00<00:00, 4123.60it/s]

1.2 快速复现基线Step2：加载并处理数据

从比赛官网下载数据集，解压存放于data/目录下并重命名为train_data.json, dev_data.json, test_data.json.

我们可以加载自定义数据集。通过继承paddle.io.Dataset，自定义实现__getitem__ 和 __len__两个方法。

from typing import Optional, List, Union, Dict

import numpy as np
import paddle
from tqdm import tqdm
from paddlenlp.utils.log import logger

from data_loader import parse_label, DataCollator, convert_example_to_feature
from extract_chinese_and_punct import ChineseAndPunctuationExtractor


class DuIEDataset(paddle.io.Dataset):
    """
    Dataset of DuIE.
    """

    def __init__(
            self,
            input_ids: List[Union[List[int], np.ndarray]],
            seq_lens: List[Union[List[int], np.ndarray]],
            tok_to_orig_start_index: List[Union[List[int], np.ndarray]],
            tok_to_orig_end_index: List[Union[List[int], np.ndarray]],
            labels: List[Union[List[int], np.ndarray, List[str], List[Dict]]]):
        super(DuIEDataset, self).__init__()

        self.input_ids = input_ids
        self.seq_lens = seq_lens
        self.tok_to_orig_start_index = tok_to_orig_start_index
        self.tok_to_orig_end_index = tok_to_orig_end_index
        self.labels = labels

    def __len__(self):
        if isinstance(self.input_ids, np.ndarray):
            return self.input_ids.shape[0]
        else:
            return len(self.input_ids)

    def __getitem__(self, item):
        return {
            "input_ids": np.array(self.input_ids[item]),
            "seq_lens": np.array(self.seq_lens[item]),
            "tok_to_orig_start_index":
            np.array(self.tok_to_orig_start_index[item]),
            "tok_to_orig_end_index": np.array(self.tok_to_orig_end_index[item]),
            # If model inputs is generated in `collate_fn`, delete the data type casting.
            "labels": np.array(
                self.labels[item], dtype=np.float32),
        }

    @classmethod
    def from_file(cls,
                  file_path: Union[str, os.PathLike],
                  tokenizer: ErnieTokenizer,
                  max_length: Optional[int]=512,
                  pad_to_max_length: Optional[bool]=None):
        assert os.path.exists(file_path) and os.path.isfile(
            file_path), f"{file_path} dose not exists or is not a file."
        label_map_path = os.path.join(
            os.path.dirname(file_path), "predicate2id.json")
        assert os.path.exists(label_map_path) and os.path.isfile(
            label_map_path
        ), f"{label_map_path} dose not exists or is not a file."
        with open(label_map_path, 'r', encoding='utf8') as fp:
            label_map = json.load(fp)
        chineseandpunctuationextractor = ChineseAndPunctuationExtractor()

        input_ids, seq_lens, tok_to_orig_start_index, tok_to_orig_end_index, labels = (
            [] for _ in range(5))
        dataset_scale = sum(1 for line in open(file_path, 'r'))
        logger.info("Preprocessing data, loaded from %s" % file_path)
        with open(file_path, "r", encoding="utf-8") as fp:
            lines = fp.readlines()
            for line in tqdm(lines):
                example = json.loads(line)
                input_feature = convert_example_to_feature(
                    example, tokenizer, chineseandpunctuationextractor,
                    label_map, max_length, pad_to_max_length)
                input_ids.append(input_feature.input_ids)
                seq_lens.append(input_feature.seq_len)
                tok_to_orig_start_index.append(
                    input_feature.tok_to_orig_start_index)
                tok_to_orig_end_index.append(
                    input_feature.tok_to_orig_end_index)
                labels.append(input_feature.labels)

        return cls(input_ids, seq_lens, tok_to_orig_start_index,
                   tok_to_orig_end_index, labels)

data_path = 'data'
batch_size = 32
max_seq_length = 128

train_file_path = os.path.join(data_path, 'train_data.json')
train_dataset = DuIEDataset.from_file(
    train_file_path, tokenizer, max_seq_length, True)
train_batch_sampler = paddle.io.BatchSampler(
    train_dataset, batch_size=batch_size, shuffle=True, drop_last=True)
collator = DataCollator()
train_data_loader = paddle.io.DataLoader(
    dataset=train_dataset,
    batch_sampler=train_batch_sampler,
    collate_fn=collator)

eval_file_path = os.path.join(data_path, 'dev_data.json')
test_dataset = DuIEDataset.from_file(
    eval_file_path, tokenizer, max_seq_length, True)
test_batch_sampler = paddle.io.BatchSampler(
    test_dataset, batch_size=batch_size, shuffle=False, drop_last=True)
test_data_loader = paddle.io.DataLoader(
    dataset=test_dataset,
    batch_sampler=test_batch_sampler,
    collate_fn=collator)

[2021-04-12 08:27:21,552] [    INFO] - Preprocessing data, loaded from data/train_data.json
100%|██████████| 171293/171293 [05:17<00:00, 538.88it/s]
[2021-04-12 08:32:39,914] [    INFO] - Preprocessing data, loaded from data/dev_data.json
100%|██████████| 20674/20674 [00:38<00:00, 543.74it/s]

1.3 快速复现基线Step3：定义损失函数和优化器，开始训练

在该基线上，我们选择均方误差作为损失函数，使用paddle.optimizer.AdamW作为优化器。

在训练过程中，模型保存在当前目录checkpoints文件夹下。同时在训练的同时使用官方评测脚本进行评估，输出P/R/F1指标。在验证集上F1可以达到69.42。

import paddle.nn as nn

class BCELossForDuIE(nn.Layer):
    def __init__(self, ):
        super(BCELossForDuIE, self).__init__()
        self.criterion = nn.BCEWithLogitsLoss(reduction='none')

    def forward(self, logits, labels, mask):
        loss = self.criterion(logits, labels)
        mask = paddle.cast(mask, 'float32')
        loss = loss * mask.unsqueeze(-1)
        loss = paddle.sum(loss.mean(axis=2), axis=1) / paddle.sum(mask, axis=1)
        loss = loss.mean()
        return loss

from utils import write_prediction_results, get_precision_recall_f1, decoding

@paddle.no_grad()
def evaluate(model, criterion, data_loader, file_path, mode):
    """
    mode eval:
    eval on development set and compute P/R/F1, called between training.
    mode predict:
    eval on development / test set, then write predictions to \
        predict_test.json and predict_test.json.zip \
        under args.data_path dir for later submission or evaluation.
    """
    model.eval()
    probs_all = None
    seq_len_all = None
    tok_to_orig_start_index_all = None
    tok_to_orig_end_index_all = None
    loss_all = 0
    eval_steps = 0
    for batch in tqdm(data_loader, total=len(data_loader)):
        eval_steps += 1
        input_ids, seq_len, tok_to_orig_start_index, tok_to_orig_end_index, labels = batch
        logits = model(input_ids=input_ids)
        mask = (input_ids != 0).logical_and((input_ids != 1)).logical_and(
            (input_ids != 2))
        loss = criterion(logits, labels, mask)
        loss_all += loss.numpy().item()
        probs = F.sigmoid(logits)
        if probs_all is None:
            probs_all = probs.numpy()
            seq_len_all = seq_len.numpy()
            tok_to_orig_start_index_all = tok_to_orig_start_index.numpy()
            tok_to_orig_end_index_all = tok_to_orig_end_index.numpy()
        else:
            probs_all = np.append(probs_all, probs.numpy(), axis=0)
            seq_len_all = np.append(seq_len_all, seq_len.numpy(), axis=0)
            tok_to_orig_start_index_all = np.append(
                tok_to_orig_start_index_all,
                tok_to_orig_start_index.numpy(),
                axis=0)
            tok_to_orig_end_index_all = np.append(
                tok_to_orig_end_index_all,
                tok_to_orig_end_index.numpy(),
                axis=0)
    loss_avg = loss_all / eval_steps
    print("eval loss: %f" % (loss_avg))

    id2spo_path = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(file_path), "id2spo.json")
    with open(id2spo_path, 'r', encoding='utf8') as fp:
        id2spo = json.load(fp)
    formatted_outputs = decoding(file_path, id2spo, probs_all, seq_len_all,
                                 tok_to_orig_start_index_all,
                                 tok_to_orig_end_index_all)
    if mode == "predict":
        predict_file_path = os.path.join(data_path, 'predictions.json')
    else:
        predict_file_path = os.path.join(data_path, 'predict_eval.json')

    predict_zipfile_path = write_prediction_results(formatted_outputs,
                                                    predict_file_path)

    if mode == "eval":
        precision, recall, f1 = get_precision_recall_f1(file_path,
                                                        predict_zipfile_path)
        os.system('rm {} {}'.format(predict_file_path, predict_zipfile_path))
        return precision, recall, f1
    elif mode != "predict":
        raise Exception("wrong mode for eval func")

from paddlenlp.transformers import LinearDecayWithWarmup

learning_rate = 2e-5
num_train_epochs = 5
warmup_ratio = 0.06

criterion = BCELossForDuIE()
# Defines learning rate strategy.
steps_by_epoch = len(train_data_loader)
num_training_steps = steps_by_epoch * num_train_epochs
lr_scheduler = LinearDecayWithWarmup(learning_rate, num_training_steps, warmup_ratio)
optimizer = paddle.optimizer.AdamW(
    learning_rate=lr_scheduler,
    parameters=model.parameters(),
    apply_decay_param_fun=lambda x: x in [
        p.name for n, p in model.named_parameters()
        if not any(nd in n for nd in ["bias", "norm"])])

# 模型参数保存路径
!mkdir checkpoints

import time
import paddle.nn.functional as F

# Starts training.
global_step = 0
logging_steps = 50
save_steps = 10000
num_train_epochs = 2
output_dir = 'checkpoints'
tic_train = time.time()
model.train()
for epoch in range(num_train_epochs):
    print("\n=====start training of %d epochs=====" % epoch)
    tic_epoch = time.time()
    for step, batch in enumerate(train_data_loader):
        input_ids, seq_lens, tok_to_orig_start_index, tok_to_orig_end_index, labels = batch
        logits = model(input_ids=input_ids)
        mask = (input_ids != 0).logical_and((input_ids != 1)).logical_and(
            (input_ids != 2))
        loss = criterion(logits, labels, mask)
        loss.backward()
        optimizer.step()
        lr_scheduler.step()
        optimizer.clear_gradients()
        loss_item = loss.numpy().item()

        if global_step % logging_steps == 0:
            print(
                "epoch: %d / %d, steps: %d / %d, loss: %f, speed: %.2f step/s"
                % (epoch, num_train_epochs, step, steps_by_epoch,
                    loss_item, logging_steps / (time.time() - tic_train)))
            tic_train = time.time()

        if global_step % save_steps == 0 and global_step != 0:
            print("\n=====start evaluating ckpt of %d steps=====" %
                    global_step)
            precision, recall, f1 = evaluate(
                model, criterion, test_data_loader, eval_file_path, "eval")
            print("precision: %.2f\t recall: %.2f\t f1: %.2f\t" %
                    (100 * precision, 100 * recall, 100 * f1))
            print("saving checkpoing model_%d.pdparams to %s " %
                    (global_step, output_dir))
            paddle.save(model.state_dict(),
                        os.path.join(output_dir, 
                                        "model_%d.pdparams" % global_step))
            model.train()

        global_step += 1
    tic_epoch = time.time() - tic_epoch
    print("epoch time footprint: %d hour %d min %d sec" %
            (tic_epoch // 3600, (tic_epoch % 3600) // 60, tic_epoch % 60))

# Does final evaluation.
print("\n=====start evaluating last ckpt of %d steps=====" %
        global_step)
precision, recall, f1 = evaluate(model, criterion, test_data_loader,
                                    eval_file_path, "eval")
print("precision: %.2f\t recall: %.2f\t f1: %.2f\t" %
        (100 * precision, 100 * recall, 100 * f1))
paddle.save(model.state_dict(),
            os.path.join(output_dir,
                            "model_%d.pdparams" % global_step))
print("\n=====training complete=====")


=====start training of 0 epochs=====
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 0 / 5352, loss: 0.721817, speed: 100.65 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 50 / 5352, loss: 0.710706, speed: 4.35 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 100 / 5352, loss: 0.681220, speed: 4.33 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 150 / 5352, loss: 0.608591, speed: 4.17 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 200 / 5352, loss: 0.418718, speed: 4.30 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 250 / 5352, loss: 0.307587, speed: 4.31 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 300 / 5352, loss: 0.260866, speed: 4.29 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 350 / 5352, loss: 0.229669, speed: 4.28 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 400 / 5352, loss: 0.205042, speed: 4.28 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 450 / 5352, loss: 0.180981, speed: 4.29 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 500 / 5352, loss: 0.161323, speed: 4.29 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 550 / 5352, loss: 0.143654, speed: 4.29 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 600 / 5352, loss: 0.126170, speed: 4.29 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 650 / 5352, loss: 0.110170, speed: 4.28 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 700 / 5352, loss: 0.098008, speed: 4.13 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 750 / 5352, loss: 0.086216, speed: 4.28 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 800 / 5352, loss: 0.076197, speed: 4.29 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 850 / 5352, loss: 0.067776, speed: 4.27 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 900 / 5352, loss: 0.060580, speed: 4.29 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 950 / 5352, loss: 0.053458, speed: 4.29 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 1000 / 5352, loss: 0.049620, speed: 4.28 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 1050 / 5352, loss: 0.045512, speed: 4.30 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 1100 / 5352, loss: 0.041225, speed: 4.26 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 1150 / 5352, loss: 0.038455, speed: 4.28 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 1200 / 5352, loss: 0.033661, speed: 4.20 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 1250 / 5352, loss: 0.031614, speed: 4.31 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 1300 / 5352, loss: 0.030919, speed: 4.32 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 1350 / 5352, loss: 0.028184, speed: 4.15 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 1400 / 5352, loss: 0.022967, speed: 4.30 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 1450 / 5352, loss: 0.022758, speed: 4.27 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 1500 / 5352, loss: 0.020432, speed: 4.25 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 1550 / 5352, loss: 0.019004, speed: 4.27 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 1600 / 5352, loss: 0.017774, speed: 4.23 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 1650 / 5352, loss: 0.016835, speed: 4.25 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 1700 / 5352, loss: 0.016313, speed: 4.27 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 1750 / 5352, loss: 0.014991, speed: 4.26 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 1800 / 5352, loss: 0.013867, speed: 4.24 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 1850 / 5352, loss: 0.013067, speed: 4.30 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 1900 / 5352, loss: 0.012588, speed: 4.28 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 1950 / 5352, loss: 0.012091, speed: 4.22 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 2000 / 5352, loss: 0.011783, speed: 4.26 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 2050 / 5352, loss: 0.014299, speed: 4.25 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 2100 / 5352, loss: 0.010042, speed: 4.28 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 2150 / 5352, loss: 0.010234, speed: 4.24 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 2200 / 5352, loss: 0.010122, speed: 4.30 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 2250 / 5352, loss: 0.008944, speed: 4.22 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 2300 / 5352, loss: 0.009281, speed: 4.34 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 2350 / 5352, loss: 0.009252, speed: 4.25 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 2400 / 5352, loss: 0.010335, speed: 4.26 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 2450 / 5352, loss: 0.009249, speed: 4.29 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 2500 / 5352, loss: 0.009273, speed: 4.24 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 2550 / 5352, loss: 0.007440, speed: 4.28 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 2600 / 5352, loss: 0.008797, speed: 4.29 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 2650 / 5352, loss: 0.008859, speed: 4.28 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 2700 / 5352, loss: 0.008952, speed: 4.32 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 2750 / 5352, loss: 0.007367, speed: 4.29 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 2800 / 5352, loss: 0.007996, speed: 4.19 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 2850 / 5352, loss: 0.007748, speed: 4.30 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 2900 / 5352, loss: 0.007244, speed: 4.29 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 2950 / 5352, loss: 0.006419, speed: 4.25 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 3000 / 5352, loss: 0.007522, speed: 4.29 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 3050 / 5352, loss: 0.007346, speed: 4.25 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 3100 / 5352, loss: 0.008252, speed: 4.27 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 3150 / 5352, loss: 0.006726, speed: 4.29 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 3200 / 5352, loss: 0.006741, speed: 4.25 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 3250 / 5352, loss: 0.007330, speed: 4.31 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 3300 / 5352, loss: 0.007728, speed: 4.30 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 3350 / 5352, loss: 0.005440, speed: 4.31 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 3400 / 5352, loss: 0.006389, speed: 4.26 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 3450 / 5352, loss: 0.006755, speed: 4.26 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 3500 / 5352, loss: 0.005665, speed: 4.26 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 3550 / 5352, loss: 0.006122, speed: 4.20 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 3600 / 5352, loss: 0.006181, speed: 4.26 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 3650 / 5352, loss: 0.006389, speed: 4.26 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 3700 / 5352, loss: 0.006517, speed: 4.23 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 3750 / 5352, loss: 0.004906, speed: 4.26 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 3800 / 5352, loss: 0.005490, speed: 4.24 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 3850 / 5352, loss: 0.005950, speed: 4.08 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 3900 / 5352, loss: 0.005796, speed: 4.21 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 3950 / 5352, loss: 0.004934, speed: 4.28 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 4000 / 5352, loss: 0.004503, speed: 4.27 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 4050 / 5352, loss: 0.004397, speed: 4.28 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 4100 / 5352, loss: 0.004144, speed: 4.18 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 4150 / 5352, loss: 0.004736, speed: 4.28 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 4200 / 5352, loss: 0.004336, speed: 4.29 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 4250 / 5352, loss: 0.004310, speed: 4.26 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 4300 / 5352, loss: 0.004534, speed: 4.25 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 4350 / 5352, loss: 0.004380, speed: 4.20 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 4400 / 5352, loss: 0.004350, speed: 4.28 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 4450 / 5352, loss: 0.004721, speed: 4.30 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 4500 / 5352, loss: 0.003458, speed: 4.18 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 4550 / 5352, loss: 0.004181, speed: 4.27 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 4600 / 5352, loss: 0.004579, speed: 4.23 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 4650 / 5352, loss: 0.004575, speed: 4.19 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 4700 / 5352, loss: 0.004307, speed: 4.27 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 4750 / 5352, loss: 0.004365, speed: 4.31 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 4800 / 5352, loss: 0.004365, speed: 4.29 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 4850 / 5352, loss: 0.003723, speed: 4.30 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 4900 / 5352, loss: 0.004648, speed: 4.27 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 4950 / 5352, loss: 0.004886, speed: 4.26 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 5000 / 5352, loss: 0.004225, speed: 4.29 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 5050 / 5352, loss: 0.004350, speed: 4.28 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 5100 / 5352, loss: 0.003667, speed: 4.27 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 5150 / 5352, loss: 0.003098, speed: 4.24 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 5200 / 5352, loss: 0.003984, speed: 4.26 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 5250 / 5352, loss: 0.003870, speed: 4.28 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 5300 / 5352, loss: 0.004336, speed: 4.22 step/s
epoch: 0 / 2, steps: 5350 / 5352, loss: 0.004293, speed: 4.24 step/s
epoch time footprint: 0 hour 20 min 55 sec

=====start training of 1 epochs=====
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 48 / 5352, loss: 0.002881, speed: 4.25 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 98 / 5352, loss: 0.003354, speed: 4.20 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 148 / 5352, loss: 0.002854, speed: 4.27 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 198 / 5352, loss: 0.003613, speed: 4.22 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 248 / 5352, loss: 0.003249, speed: 4.26 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 298 / 5352, loss: 0.003046, speed: 4.27 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 348 / 5352, loss: 0.003595, speed: 4.25 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 398 / 5352, loss: 0.004121, speed: 4.29 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 448 / 5352, loss: 0.003194, speed: 4.27 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 498 / 5352, loss: 0.003622, speed: 4.29 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 548 / 5352, loss: 0.003387, speed: 4.26 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 598 / 5352, loss: 0.004010, speed: 4.24 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 648 / 5352, loss: 0.003333, speed: 4.27 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 698 / 5352, loss: 0.003030, speed: 4.32 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 748 / 5352, loss: 0.004185, speed: 4.29 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 798 / 5352, loss: 0.002702, speed: 4.28 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 848 / 5352, loss: 0.003886, speed: 4.25 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 898 / 5352, loss: 0.003025, speed: 4.29 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 948 / 5352, loss: 0.004369, speed: 4.32 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 998 / 5352, loss: 0.003555, speed: 4.21 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 1048 / 5352, loss: 0.004115, speed: 4.26 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 1098 / 5352, loss: 0.003514, speed: 4.16 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 1148 / 5352, loss: 0.002826, speed: 4.31 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 1198 / 5352, loss: 0.002491, speed: 4.30 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 1248 / 5352, loss: 0.003286, speed: 4.22 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 1298 / 5352, loss: 0.002838, speed: 4.27 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 1348 / 5352, loss: 0.002872, speed: 4.28 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 1398 / 5352, loss: 0.004169, speed: 4.23 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 1448 / 5352, loss: 0.003755, speed: 4.29 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 1498 / 5352, loss: 0.002883, speed: 4.23 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 1548 / 5352, loss: 0.002871, speed: 4.28 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 1598 / 5352, loss: 0.002420, speed: 4.30 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 1648 / 5352, loss: 0.002560, speed: 4.27 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 1698 / 5352, loss: 0.003345, speed: 4.18 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 1748 / 5352, loss: 0.003580, speed: 4.25 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 1798 / 5352, loss: 0.002884, speed: 4.27 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 1848 / 5352, loss: 0.004138, speed: 4.24 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 1898 / 5352, loss: 0.002940, speed: 4.26 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 1948 / 5352, loss: 0.002196, speed: 4.25 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 1998 / 5352, loss: 0.003657, speed: 4.26 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 2048 / 5352, loss: 0.003009, speed: 4.27 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 2098 / 5352, loss: 0.002162, speed: 4.31 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 2148 / 5352, loss: 0.002524, speed: 4.26 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 2198 / 5352, loss: 0.002588, speed: 4.28 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 2248 / 5352, loss: 0.002743, speed: 4.31 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 2298 / 5352, loss: 0.002255, speed: 4.26 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 2348 / 5352, loss: 0.003633, speed: 4.30 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 2398 / 5352, loss: 0.002488, speed: 4.31 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 2448 / 5352, loss: 0.002564, speed: 4.27 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 2498 / 5352, loss: 0.002715, speed: 4.32 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 2548 / 5352, loss: 0.002240, speed: 4.27 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 2598 / 5352, loss: 0.002332, speed: 4.29 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 2648 / 5352, loss: 0.002317, speed: 4.29 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 2698 / 5352, loss: 0.002979, speed: 4.22 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 2748 / 5352, loss: 0.002951, speed: 4.28 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 2798 / 5352, loss: 0.002859, speed: 4.20 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 2848 / 5352, loss: 0.003190, speed: 4.25 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 2898 / 5352, loss: 0.002822, speed: 4.27 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 2948 / 5352, loss: 0.001922, speed: 4.25 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 2998 / 5352, loss: 0.002181, speed: 4.24 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 3048 / 5352, loss: 0.002438, speed: 4.31 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 3098 / 5352, loss: 0.001835, speed: 4.26 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 3148 / 5352, loss: 0.002860, speed: 4.28 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 3198 / 5352, loss: 0.002489, speed: 4.22 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 3248 / 5352, loss: 0.002574, speed: 4.23 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 3298 / 5352, loss: 0.002109, speed: 4.29 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 3348 / 5352, loss: 0.002587, speed: 4.16 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 3398 / 5352, loss: 0.002031, speed: 4.27 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 3448 / 5352, loss: 0.003532, speed: 4.31 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 3498 / 5352, loss: 0.003243, speed: 4.25 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 3548 / 5352, loss: 0.002701, speed: 4.26 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 3598 / 5352, loss: 0.002815, speed: 4.27 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 3648 / 5352, loss: 0.002458, speed: 4.28 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 3698 / 5352, loss: 0.002668, speed: 4.25 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 3748 / 5352, loss: 0.002385, speed: 4.26 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 3798 / 5352, loss: 0.002186, speed: 4.27 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 3848 / 5352, loss: 0.003757, speed: 4.27 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 3898 / 5352, loss: 0.002339, speed: 4.23 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 3948 / 5352, loss: 0.002287, speed: 4.25 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 3998 / 5352, loss: 0.003288, speed: 4.28 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 4048 / 5352, loss: 0.002677, speed: 4.23 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 4098 / 5352, loss: 0.002587, speed: 4.24 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 4148 / 5352, loss: 0.002182, speed: 4.24 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 4198 / 5352, loss: 0.002209, speed: 4.28 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 4248 / 5352, loss: 0.003369, speed: 4.13 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 4298 / 5352, loss: 0.002609, speed: 4.26 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 4348 / 5352, loss: 0.002384, speed: 4.29 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 4398 / 5352, loss: 0.002895, speed: 4.25 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 4448 / 5352, loss: 0.003119, speed: 4.27 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 4498 / 5352, loss: 0.002288, speed: 4.26 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 4548 / 5352, loss: 0.003341, speed: 4.25 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 4598 / 5352, loss: 0.002699, speed: 4.26 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 4648 / 5352, loss: 0.002447, speed: 4.24 step/s

=====start evaluating ckpt of 10000 steps=====

100%|██████████| 646/646 [08:04<00:00,  1.33it/s]

eval loss: 0.002434
precision: 64.70	 recall: 62.10	 f1: 63.37	
saving checkpoing model_10000.pdparams to checkpoints 
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 4698 / 5352, loss: 0.002275, speed: 0.10 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 4748 / 5352, loss: 0.002032, speed: 4.26 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 4798 / 5352, loss: 0.002255, speed: 4.19 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 4848 / 5352, loss: 0.003138, speed: 4.28 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 4898 / 5352, loss: 0.001771, speed: 4.28 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 4948 / 5352, loss: 0.002749, speed: 4.24 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 4998 / 5352, loss: 0.003003, speed: 4.28 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 5048 / 5352, loss: 0.002809, speed: 4.24 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 5098 / 5352, loss: 0.001894, speed: 4.29 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 5148 / 5352, loss: 0.002233, speed: 4.28 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 5198 / 5352, loss: 0.002597, speed: 4.27 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 5248 / 5352, loss: 0.002875, speed: 4.30 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 5298 / 5352, loss: 0.001676, speed: 4.26 step/s
epoch: 1 / 2, steps: 5348 / 5352, loss: 0.002207, speed: 4.24 step/s
epoch time footprint: 0 hour 29 min 20 sec

=====start evaluating last ckpt of 10704 steps=====

100%|██████████| 646/646 [07:57<00:00,  1.35it/s]

eval loss: 0.002349
precision: 62.01	 recall: 62.44	 f1: 62.22	

=====training complete=====

1.4 快速复现基线Step4：提交预测结果

将训练保存的模型加载后进行预测。

NOTE: 注意设置用于预测的模型参数路径。

!bash predict.sh

+ export CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES=0
+ CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES=0
+ export BATCH_SIZE=8
+ BATCH_SIZE=8
+ export CKPT=./checkpoints/model_10000.pdparams
+ CKPT=./checkpoints/model_10000.pdparams
+ export DATASET_FILE=./data/test_data.json
+ DATASET_FILE=./data/test_data.json
+ python run_duie.py --do_predict --init_checkpoint ./checkpoints/model_10000.pdparams --predict_data_file ./data/test_data.json --max_seq_length 512 --batch_size 8
/opt/conda/envs/python35-paddle120-env/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/depends.py:2: DeprecationWarning: the imp module is deprecated in favour of importlib; see the module's documentation for alternative uses
  import imp
[2021-04-12 14:42:04,394] [    INFO] - Downloading https://paddlenlp.bj.bcebos.com/models/transformers/ernie/ernie_v1_chn_base.pdparams and saved to /home/aistudio/.paddlenlp/models/ernie-1.0
[2021-04-12 14:42:04,395] [    INFO] - Downloading ernie_v1_chn_base.pdparams from https://paddlenlp.bj.bcebos.com/models/transformers/ernie/ernie_v1_chn_base.pdparams
100%|████████████████████████████████| 390123/390123 [00:05<00:00, 67876.65it/s]
W0412 14:42:10.218497   113 device_context.cc:362] Please NOTE: device: 0, GPU Compute Capability: 7.0, Driver API Version: 10.1, Runtime API Version: 10.1
W0412 14:42:10.223258   113 device_context.cc:372] device: 0, cuDNN Version: 7.6.
/opt/conda/envs/python35-paddle120-env/lib/python3.7/site-packages/paddle/fluid/dygraph/layers.py:1303: UserWarning: Skip loading for classifier.weight. classifier.weight is not found in the provided dict.
  warnings.warn(("Skip loading for {}. ".format(key) + str(err)))
/opt/conda/envs/python35-paddle120-env/lib/python3.7/site-packages/paddle/fluid/dygraph/layers.py:1303: UserWarning: Skip loading for classifier.bias. classifier.bias is not found in the provided dict.
  warnings.warn(("Skip loading for {}. ".format(key) + str(err)))
[2021-04-12 14:42:16,808] [    INFO] - Downloading vocab.txt from https://paddlenlp.bj.bcebos.com/models/transformers/ernie/vocab.txt
100%|█████████████████████████████████████████| 89/89 [00:00<00:00, 4363.55it/s]
[2021-04-12 14:42:16,941] [    INFO] - Preprocessing data, loaded from ./data/test_data.json
100%|████████████████████████████████████| 50583/50583 [03:43<00:00, 225.96it/s]

=====start predicting=====
 20%|███████▎                             | 1259/6322 [24:34<3:12:58,  2.29s/it]

 （未完待续）

预测结果会被保存在data/predictions.json，data/predictions.json.zip，其格式与原数据集文件一致。

之后可以使用官方评估脚本评估训练模型在dev_data.json上的效果。如：

python re_official_evaluation.py --golden_file=dev_data.json --predict_file=predicitons.json.zip [–alias_file alias_dict]

输出指标为Precision, Recall 和 F1，Alias file包含了合法的实体别名，最终评测的时候会使用，这里不予提供。

之后在test_data.json上预测，然后预测结果（.zip文件）至评测网站。

二、Tricks

2.1 尝试更多的预训练模型

基线采用的预训练模型为ERNIE，PaddleNLP提供了丰富的预训练模型，如BERT，RoBERTa，Electra，XLNet等参考PaddleNLP预训练模型介绍

如可以选择RoBERTa large中文模型优化模型效果，只需更换模型和tokenizer即可无缝衔接。

from paddlenlp.transformers import RobertaForTokenClassification, RobertaTokenizer

model = RobertaForTokenClassification.from_pretrained(
    "roberta-wwm-ext-large",
    num_classes=(len(label_map) - 2) * 2 + 2)
tokenizer = RobertaTokenizer.from_pretrained("roberta-wwm-ext-large")

2.2 模型集成

使用多个模型进行训练预测，将各个模型预测结果进行融合。

参考资料

https://aistudio.baidu.com/aistudio/competition/detail/65

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PaddleNLP实战——LIC2021关系抽取任务基线（附代码）

PaddleNLP实战——LIC2021关系抽取任务基线目录PaddleNLP实战——LIC2021关系抽取任务基线一、关系抽取基线评价方法1.1 快速复现基线Step1：构建模型1.2 快速复现基线Step2：加载并处理数据1.3 快速复现基线Step3：定义损失函数和优化器，开始训练1.4 快速复现基线Step4：提交预测结果二、Tricks2.1 尝试更多的预训练模型2.2 模型集成参考资料相关系列笔记：论文阅读：DuEE:A Large-Scale Dataset for Chinese E
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