PaddleNLP实战——LIC2021关系抽取任务基线（附代码）

于 2021-04-11 20:39:08 发布
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分类专栏： Information extraction 文章标签： 深度学习 python 自然语言处理 关系抽取 nlp
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PaddleNLP实战——LIC2021关系抽取任务基线

目录

相关系列笔记：

论文阅读：DuEE:A Large-Scale Dataset for Chinese Event Extraction in Real-World Scenarios（附数据集地址）
PaddleNLP实战——LIC2021事件抽取任务基线（附代码）
PaddleNLP实战——LIC2021关系抽取任务基线（附代码）

  信息抽取旨在从非结构化自然语言文本中提取结构化知识，如实体、关系、事件等。对于给定的自然语言句子，根据预先定义的schema集合，抽取出所有满足schema约束的SPO三元组。

  例如，「妻子」关系的schema定义为： { S_TYPE: 人物, P: 妻子, O_TYPE: { @value: 人物 } }

  该示例展示了如何使用PaddleNLP快速复现LIC2021关系抽取比赛基线并进阶优化基线。

# 安装paddlenlp最新版本
!pip install --upgrade paddlenlp

%cd relation_extraction/

Looking in indexes: https://mirror.baidu.com/pypi/simple/
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/home/aistudio/relation_extraction

一、关系抽取基线

  针对 DuIE2.0 任务中多条、交叠SPO这一抽取目标，比赛对标准的 ‘BIO’ 标注进行了扩展。 对于每个 token，根据其在实体span中的位置（包括B、I、O三种），我们为其打上三类标签，并且根据其所参与构建的predicate种类，将 B 标签进一步区分。给定 schema 集合，对于 N 种不同 predicate，以及头实体/尾实体两种情况，我们设计对应的共 2N 种 B 标签，再合并 I 和 O 标签，故每个 token 一共有 (2N+2) 个标签，如下图所示。

在这里插入图片描述

评价方法

  对测试集上参评系统输出的SPO结果和人工标注的SPO结果进行精准匹配，采用F1值作为评价指标。注意，对于复杂O值类型的SPO，必须所有槽位都精确匹配才认为该SPO抽取正确。针对部分文本中存在实体别名的问题，使用百度知识图谱的别名词典来辅助评测。F1值的计算方式如下：

  F1 = (2 * P * R) / (P + R)，其中

  • P = 测试集所有句子中预测正确的SPO个数 / 测试集所有句子中预测出的SPO个数
  • R = 测试集所有句子中预测正确的SPO个数 / 测试集所有句子中人工标注的SPO个数

1.1 快速复现基线Step1：构建模型

  该任务可以看作一个序列标注任务，所以基线模型采用的是ERNIE序列标注模型。

  PaddleNLP提供了ERNIE预训练模型常用序列标注模型，可以通过指定模型名字完成一键加载。PaddleNLP为了方便用户处理数据，内置了对于各个预训练模型对应的Tokenizer，可以完成文本token化，转token ID，文本长度截断等操作。

  文本数据处理直接调用tokenizer即可输出模型所需输入数据。

import os
import json
from paddlenlp.transformers import ErnieForTokenClassification, ErnieTokenizer

label_map_path = os.path.join('data', "predicate2id.json")
if not (os.path.exists(label_map_path) and os.path.isfile(label_map_path)):
    sys.exit("{} dose not exists or is not a file.".format(label_map_path))
with open(label_map_path, 'r', encoding='utf8') as fp:
    label_map = json.load(fp)
num_classes = (len(label_map.keys()) - 2) * 2 + 2

model = ErnieForTokenClassification.from_pretrained("ernie-1.0", num_classes=(len(label_map) - 2) * 2 + 2)
tokenizer = ErnieTokenizer.from_pretrained("ernie-1.0")

inputs = tokenizer(text="请输入测试样例", max_seq_len=20)

[2021-04-12 08:24:15,835] [    INFO] - Downloading https://paddlenlp.bj.bcebos.com/models/transformers/ernie/ernie_v1_chn_base.pdparams and saved to /home/aistudio/.paddlenlp/models/ernie-1.0
[2021-04-12 08:24:15,838] [    INFO] - Downloading ernie_v1_chn_base.pdparams from https://paddlenlp.bj.bcebos.com/models/transformers/ernie/ernie_v1_chn_base.pdparams
100%|██████████| 390123/390123 [00:05<00:00, 68401.29it/s]
/opt/conda/envs/python35-paddle120-env/lib/python3.7/site-packages/paddle/fluid/dygraph/layers.py:1303: UserWarning: Skip loading for classifier.weight. classifier.weight is not found in the provided dict.
  warnings.warn(("Skip loading for {}. ".format(key) + str(err)))
/opt/conda/envs/python35-paddle120-env/lib/python3.7/site-packages/paddle/fluid/dygraph/layers.py:1303: UserWarning: Skip loading for classifier.bias. classifier.bias is not found in the provided dict.
  warnings.warn(("Skip loading for {}. ".format(key) + str(err)))
[2021-04-12 08:24:26,844] [    INFO] - Downloading vocab.txt from https://paddlenlp.bj.bcebos.com/models/transformers/ernie/vocab.txt
100%|██████████| 89/89 [00:00<00:00, 4123.60it/s]

1.2 快速复现基线Step2：加载并处理数据

  从比赛官网下载数据集，解压存放于data/目录下并重命名为train_data.json, dev_data.json, test_data.json.

  我们可以加载自定义数据集。通过继承paddle.io.Dataset，自定义实现__getitem__ 和 __len__两个方法。

from typing import Optional, List, Union, Dict

import numpy as np
import paddle
from tqdm import tqdm
from paddlenlp.utils.log import logger

from data_loader import parse_label, DataCollator, convert_example_to_feature
from extract_chinese_and_punct import ChineseAndPunctuationExtractor


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