this.$nextTick()究竟在什么时候用？为什么要用this.$nextTick()？不用this.$nextTick()不可以吗？有没有替代this.$nextTick()的方法？

<template>
  <div>
    <div class="app">
      <div ref="msgDiv">{{msg}}</div>
      <div v-if="msg1">正常修改msg，msg1: {{msg1}}</div>
      <div v-if="msg2">在$nextTick中修改msg，msg2: {{msg2}}</div>
      <div v-if="msg3">在$nextTick修改msg之后再获取msg，msg3: {{msg3}}</div>
      <div v-if="msg4">500ms后获取msg，msg4: {{msg4}}</div>
      <button @click="changeMsg">修改msg值</button>
    </div>
  </div>
</template>

<script>
export default {
  name: "foot",
  data() {
    return {
      msg: "Hello Vue.",
      msg1: "",
      msg2: "",
      msg3: "",
      msg4: ""
    };
  },
  methods: {
    changeMsg() {
      this.msg = "Hello world.";
      this.msg1 = this.$refs.msgDiv.innerHTML;
      this.$nextTick(() => {
        this.msg2 = this.$refs.msgDiv.innerHTML+new Date().getTime();
      });
      setTimeout(()=>{
        this.msg4 = this.$refs.msgDiv.innerHTML+new Date().getTime();
      },500)
      this.msg3 = this.$refs.msgDiv.innerHTML+new Date().getTime();
    }
  }
};
</script>
<style lang="less" scoped>
  .app{
    margin-left: 100px;
    margin-bottom:100px;
  }
</style>

msg1：直接获取dom，这个时候dom还没更新，（dom是在7197后更新的）
msg2：这个在this.$nextTick里，dom更新后获取的数据
msg3：由于数据更新是异步的，这个7196的获取早于msg2的获取，所以取到的是旧数据
msg4：这个是可以证明数据更新是异步的，定时器延时500ms后，取到了新数据。这个时候dom已经更新完毕了