mysql nginx_MySQL配置，nginx配置

数据库

备份

mysqldump

会锁表

备份特别慢,适用于数据量较小

不可以做增量备份

单线程

-A 所有的库

-B 指定备份的库

-F 备份前刷新日志

--flush--frivileges 刷新授权表

-p 密码

-u 用户

-P 端口

触发器

存储过程和存储函数

## 备份

mysqldump -uroot -S /mydate/mysql/mysql.sock -A -p > mysql.sql

xtarabackuo

多进程

支持增量备份

锁行

安装

yum install https://repo.percona.com/yum/percona-release-latest.noarch.rpm

yum install -y percona-xtrabackup-24

--target-dir=name # 指定备份生成的目录

--backup 备份

--prepare 准备

--databases=name filtering by list of databases.

--databases-file=name 配置文件

创建一个用户

mysql> create user 'backup'@'localhost' identified by 'backup';

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> grant reload,lock tables,process,replication client on *.*to 'backup'@'localhost';

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

备份

xtrabackup --backup --target-dir=/mydate/backup/base -ubackup -pbackup --socket=/mydate/mysql/mysql.sock

### 看到如下信息，代表成功

xtrabackup: Transaction log of lsn (4047188) to (4047197) was copied.

190902 19:31:28 completed OK!

恢复

准备文件

[root@wxh ~]# xtrabackup --prepare --target-dir=/mydate/backup/base

InnoDB: Starting shutdown...

InnoDB: Shutdown completed; log sequence number 4048424

190902 19:35:03 completed OK!

恢复文件

cd /mydate/backup/base

cp -rf hello /mydata/mysql/

chown mysql.mysql /mydate/mysql/hello/ -R

恢复全部文件

xtrabackup --copy-back --target-dir=/mydate/backup/base

chown mysql.mysql * -R

增量备份

xtrabackup --backup --target-dir=/mydate/backup/t1 --incremental-basedir=/mydate/backup/base -uroot -p --socket=/mydate/mysql/mysql.sock

--incremental-dir 全备的路径

xtrabackup --backup --target-dir=/mydata/backup/t2 --incremental-basedir=/mydata/backup/t1 -uroot -p --socket=/mydata/mysql/mysql.sock

--incremental-basedir应该是上一次的增量备份目录

xtrabackup --prepare --apply-log-only --target-dir=/mydata/backup/base

恢复(只能全部删除以后再恢复)

xtrabackup --prepare --apply-log-only --target-dir=/mydata/backup/base

xtrabackup --prepare --apply-log-only --target-dir=/mydata/backup/base --incremental-dir=/mydata/backup/t1

xtrabackup --prepare --apply-log-only --target-dir=/mydata/backup/base --incremental-dir=/mydata/backup/t2

xtrabackup --copy-back --target-dir=/mydata/backup/base

chown mysql.mysql * -R

systemctl restart mysqld

nginx

web服务 apache iis

查看端口

netstat -ltunp

安装

wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.16.1.tar.gz

tar xf nginx-1.16.1.tar.gz

cd nginx-1.16.1

yum install gcc zlib2-devel pcre-devel openssl-devel

./configure --prefix=/opt/nginx --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_stub_status_module

make && make install

目录结构

[root@localhost nginx]#ls

conf html logs sbin

conf 配置文件

html 存放静态文件 index.html 是默认的欢迎页面

logs 日志目录

sbin 二进制文件

启动以后会生成一个主进程，根据配置文件的选项来生成子进程(工作进程)，主进程不负责处理用户的请求，用来转发用户的请求，真正负责处理用户请求的是子进程

命令格式

[root@wxh nginx]# ./sbin/nginx -h

nginx version: nginx/1.16.1

Usage: nginx [-?hvVtTq] [-s signal] [-c filename] [-p prefix] [-g directives]

Options:

-?,-h : this help

-v : show version and exit 显示版本号

-V : show version and configure options then exit 显示版本+编译时选项

-t : test configuration and exit 测试配置文件

-T : test configuration, dump it and exit

-q : suppress non-error messages during configuration testing

-s signal : send signal to a master process: stop, quit, reopen, reload

-p prefix : set prefix path (default: /opt/nginx/)

-c filename : set configuration file (default: conf/nginx.conf)

-g directives : set global directives out of configuration file

配置文件

#user nobody; 使用哪个用户来启动进程

worker_processes 1; #工作进程的个数，配置成cpu的核心数-1或者-2

#cpu亲缘性绑定，让nginx的子进程工作在哪个核心上

#error_log logs/error.log;

#error_log logs/error.log notice;

#error_log logs/error.log info;

#pid logs/nginx.pid;

events {

worker_connections 1024;#每个子进程可以处理的连接数

}

http {

include mime.types;#导入

default_type application/octet-stream;#默认的请求方式

#log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '

# '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '

# '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

#access_log logs/access.log main;

sendfile on;

#tcp_nopush on;

#keepalive_timeout 0;

keepalive_timeout 65;#保持长连接的超时时间

#gzip on;

server {

listen 80;监听端口

server_name localhost;

#charset koi8-r;

#access_log logs/host.access.log main;

location / {

root html;#指定静态文件地址

index index.html index.htm;#指定默认的index页面

}

#错误页面 找不到页面

#error_page 404 /404.html;

# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html

#

error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;

location = /50x.html {

root html;

}

# proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80

#

#location ~ \.php$ {

# proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1;

#}

# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000

#

#location ~ \.php$ {

# root html;

# fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;

# fastcgi_index index.php;

# fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;

# include fastcgi_params;

#}

# deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root

# concurs with nginx's one

#

#location ~ /\.ht {

# deny all;

#}

}

# another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration

#

#server {

# listen 8000;

# listen somename:8080;

# server_name somename alias another.alias;

# location / {

# root html;

# index index.html index.htm;

# }

#}

# HTTPS server

#

#server {

# listen 443 ssl;

# server_name localhost;

# ssl_certificate cert.pem;

# ssl_certificate_key cert.key;

# ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m;

# ssl_session_timeout 5m;

# ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;

# ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;

# location / {

# root html;

# index index.html index.htm;

# }

#}

}

404页面

error_page 404 /404.html;

root和alias的区别

location /img {

root /data/img;

}

root /data/img 里面必须有/img

location /img {

alias /data/img;

}

alias /data/img 里面不需要有 /img

域名

server_name www.jd.com;

多域名访问

server{

listen 80;

server_name www.taobao.com;

location / {

root html/taobao;

location / {

root html/taobao;

index index.html;

}

error_page 404 /404.html;

}

server {

listen 80;

server_name www.jd.com;

#charset koi8-r;

#access_log logs/host.access.log main;

location / {

root html/dj;

index index.html;

}

error_page 404 /404.html;

}

默认server

listen 80 default_server;