java获取客户端IP地址

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.NetworkInterface;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;

/**
 * @ClassName NetUtils
 * @Description 网络工具类（获取用户 IP 地址）
 * @Date 2023/12/20 9:57
 * @Author wf
 */
public class NetUtils {

    /**
     * 获取客户端 IP 地址
     * @param request
     * @return
     */
    public static String getIpAddress(HttpServletRequest request) {
        String ip = request.getHeader("x-forwarded-for");
        if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
            ip = request.getHeader("Proxy-Client-IP");
        }
        if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
            ip = request.getHeader("WL-Proxy-Client-IP");
        }
        if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
            ip = request.getRemoteAddr();
            if (ip.equals("127.0.0.1") || ip.equals("0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1")) {
                // 根据网卡取本机配置的 IP
                InetAddress inet = null;
                try {
                    inet = InetAddress.getLocalHost();
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
                if (inet != null) {
                    ip = inet.getHostAddress();
                }
            }
        }
        // 多个代理的情况，第一个IP为客户端真实IP,多个IP按照','分割
        if (ip != null && ip.length() > 15) {
            //"***.***.***.***".length() = 15
            if (ip.indexOf(",") > 0) {
                ip = ip.substring(0, ip.indexOf(","));
            }
        }
        // 本机访问
        if ("localhost".equalsIgnoreCase(ip) || "127.0.0.1".equalsIgnoreCase(ip) || "0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)){
            // 根据网卡取本机配置的IP
            InetAddress inet;
            try {
                inet = InetAddress.getLocalHost();
                ip = inet.getHostAddress();
            } catch (UnknownHostException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        // 如果查找不到 IP,可以返回 127.0.0.1，可以做一定的处理，但是这里不考虑
         if (ip == null) {
             return "127.0.0.1";
         }
        return ip;
    }

    /**
     * 获取mac地址
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static String getMacAddress() throws Exception {
        // 取mac地址
        byte[] macAddressBytes = NetworkInterface.getByInetAddress(InetAddress.getLocalHost()).getHardwareAddress();
        // 下面代码是把mac地址拼装成String
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        for (int i = 0; i < macAddressBytes.length; i++) {
            if (i != 0) {
                sb.append("-");
            }
            // mac[i] & 0xFF 是为了把byte转化为正整数
            String s = Integer.toHexString(macAddressBytes[i] & 0xFF);
            sb.append(s.length() == 1 ? 0 + s : s);
        }
        return sb.toString().trim().toUpperCase();
    }
}