JAVA连接数据库（小白式）

本文中将列举三种不同的连接写法，但是本质上都为一种。

一、准备工作

1.1 找到JAR包

地址为数据库的安装路径，我的在E盘，以下为我的路径仅供参考。

1.2 给项目添加jar包

右击项目->properites->在列表中找到 Java Build Path->点击Libraties-> Add External JARs..->

二、开始操作

1、在一个文件中实现

test_jdbc.java

package test_wms;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.Date;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;

public class test_jdbc {
	//oracle的驱动
	static final String JDBC_DRIVER = "oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver";
	//连接数据库的路径  如果是本机@localhost
	static final String url = "jdbc:oracle:thin:@172.17.1.189:1522:mests";
	static final String user = "root";
	static final String password = "123456";

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Connection conn = null;
		Statement stmt = null;
		try {
			//建立驱动
			Class.forName(JDBC_DRIVER);
			System.out.println("打开数据库中..");
			//进行连接
			conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, password);
			System.out.println("实例化statement..");
			stmt = conn.createStatement();
			String sql;
			//编写sql
			sql = "select goods_barcode,goods_sku,create_date from test_goods_info";
			ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery(sql);

			while (rs.next()) {
				String bar = rs.getString("goods_barcode");
				String sku = rs.getString("goods_sku");
				Date credate = rs.getDate("create_date");
				System.out.println("条码:" + bar + "," + "sku:" + sku + "," + "创建时间：" + credate);
				
			}
			rs.close();
			stmt.close();
			conn.close();
		} catch (SQLException se) {
			se.printStackTrace();
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			// 再次关闭
			try {
				if (stmt != null)
					stmt.close();
			} catch (SQLException se2) {
			}
			try {
				if (conn != null)
					conn.close();
			} catch (SQLException se) {
				se.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
		System.out.println("執行結束!");
	}

}

2、第二个为进阶版，把连接抛给Conn的文件处理。

Conn.java

package test_wms;

import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.Properties;

public class Conn {
	static final String driverClass = "oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver";
	static final String url="jdbc:oracle:thin:@172.17.1.189:1522:mests";
	static final String username="root";
	static final String password="123456";
	
	public static Connection getconn() {
		Connection conn=null;
		try {
			Class.forName(driverClass);
			conn=DriverManager.getConnection(url,username,password);
			System.out.println("連接成功！");
		} catch (SQLException se) {	
			System.out.println("conn的數據庫配置有問題");
			se.printStackTrace();
		}catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
    	
		return conn;
	}
}

test_select.java

package test_wms;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;

public class test_select {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Connection conn=null;
		Statement st=null;
		ResultSet rs=null;
		
		try {
			conn=Conn.getconn();
			st=conn.createStatement();
			String sql;
			sql="select goods_barcode,goods_sku from test_goods_info";
			rs=st.executeQuery(sql);
			while(rs.next()) {
				String bar=rs.getString("goods_barcode");
				String sku=rs.getString("goods_sku");
				System.out.println("條碼:"+bar+","+"SKU:"+sku);
			}
			rs.close();
			st.close();
			conn.close();
		} catch (SQLException se) {	
			System.out.println("獲取的數據庫配置有問題");
			se.printStackTrace();
		}catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally {
			// 再次關閉
			try {
				if (st != null)
					st.close();
			} catch (SQLException se2) {
			}
			try {
				if (conn != null)
					conn.close();
			} catch (SQLException se) {
				se.printStackTrace();
			}
	}

	}}

3、这是作为真正项目中会用到的方式->将配置存入.properites文件中

3.1 创建一个config文件放入database.properties

**注意：

• 文件存放的路径关系到DbUtil.java->FileInputStream("config/database.properties");这里的路径。如果错误会报错系统找不到该文件。
• database.properties中的键值对一定要和DbUtil.java中获取的一样，否者空指针异常。

 

database.properties

database=ORACLE
driverClass = oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver
timeout = 10
url = jdbc:oracle:thin:@172.17.1.189:1522:mests
username        = mesap
password        = mesap

DbUtil.java

package test_wms;

import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.Properties;

public class DbUtil {
	static String driverClass = null;
	static String url = null;
	static String username = null;
	static String password = null;
	
	static {
		//创建properties对象，获取配置信息
		//路径记得配置
		try {
			Properties properties=new Properties();
			InputStream input=new FileInputStream("config/database.properties");
			properties.load(input);
			driverClass=properties.getProperty("driverClass");
			url=properties.getProperty("url");
			username=properties.getProperty("username");
			password=properties.getProperty("password");
		} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		
	}
	
	public static Connection getconn() {
		Connection conn=null;
		try {
			Class.forName(driverClass);
			conn=DriverManager.getConnection(url,username,password);
			System.out.println("連接成功！");
		} catch (SQLException se) {	
			System.out.println("conn的數據庫配置有問題");
			se.printStackTrace();
		}catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
    	
		return conn;
	}
}

test_select.java

package test_wms;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;

public class test_select {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Connection conn=null;
		Statement st=null;
		ResultSet rs=null;
		
		try {
			conn=DbUtil.getconn();
			st=conn.createStatement();
			String sql;
			sql="select goods_barcode,goods_sku from test_goods_info";
			rs=st.executeQuery(sql);
			while(rs.next()) {
				String bar=rs.getString("goods_barcode");
				String sku=rs.getString("goods_sku");
				System.out.println("條碼:"+bar+","+"SKU:"+sku);
			}
			rs.close();
			st.close();
			conn.close();
		} catch (SQLException se) {	
			System.out.println("獲取的數據庫配置有問題");
			se.printStackTrace();
		}catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally {
			// 再次關閉
			try {
				if (st != null)
					st.close();
			} catch (SQLException se2) {
			}
			try {
				if (conn != null)
					conn.close();
			} catch (SQLException se) {
				se.printStackTrace();
			}
	}

	}}

以上，完结撒花✿✿ヽ(°▽°)ノ✿