安装Docker_cammuda-CSDN博客

安装docker

Docker的基本组成

镜像（image）

docker镜像就好比一个模板，可以通过这个模板来创建容器服务。tomcat镜像===>run ===>tomcat01容器（提供服务器），通过这个镜像可以创建多个容器（最终服务运行或者项目运行就是在这个容器中）。

容器（container）

Docker利用容器技术，独立运行一个或者一个组应用，通过镜像来创建的。

启动，停止，删除，基本命令

缪按就可以把这个容器理解为就是一个简易的Linux系统，

仓库（repository）

仓库就是来存放镜像的地方！

仓库分为公有仓库和私有仓库！

Docker Hub，Aliyun 。。。都有容器服务器（配置镜像加速！）

安装docker

# 系统内核是3.10以上的
[root@localhost ~]# uname -r
3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64

# 系统版本
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/os-release
NAME="CentOS Linux"
VERSION="7 (Core)"
ID="centos"
ID_LIKE="rhel fedora"
VERSION_ID="7"
PRETTY_NAME="CentOS Linux 7 (Core)"
ANSI_COLOR="0;31"
CPE_NAME="cpe:/o:centos:centos:7"
HOME_URL="https://www.centos.org/"
BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugs.centos.org/"

CENTOS_MANTISBT_PROJECT="CentOS-7"
CENTOS_MANTISBT_PROJECT_VERSION="7"
REDHAT_SUPPORT_PRODUCT="centos"
REDHAT_SUPPORT_PRODUCT_VERSION="7"

安装Docker

# 1 卸载旧版本的docker
yum remove docker \
                  docker-client \
                  docker-client-latest \
                  docker-common \
                  docker-latest \
                  docker-latest-logrotate \
                  docker-logrotate \
                  docker-engine
# 2 需要的安装包
yum install -y yum-utils
# 3 设置镜像的仓库
yum-config-manager \
    --add-repo \
    https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo #默认是国外的

yum-config-manager \
	--add-repo \
	  http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo #建议阿里云

# 更新yum软件包索引
 yum makecache fast
# 4 安装docker相关的内容 docker-ce 社区 docker-ee 企业
yum install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io

# 5 启动Docker
systemctl start docker
# 6 使用docker version查看是否安装成功
docker version

[root@localhost ~]# docker version
Client: Docker Engine - Community
 Version:           19.03.12
 API version:       1.40
 Go version:        go1.13.10
 Git commit:        48a66213fe
 Built:             Mon Jun 22 15:46:54 2020
 OS/Arch:           linux/amd64
 Experimental:      false

Server: Docker Engine - Community
 Engine:
  Version:          19.03.12
  API version:      1.40 (minimum version 1.12)
  Go version:       go1.13.10
  Git commit:       48a66213fe
  Built:            Mon Jun 22 15:45:28 2020
  OS/Arch:          linux/amd64
  Experimental:     false
 containerd:
  Version:          1.2.13
  GitCommit:        7ad184331fa3e55e52b890ea95e65ba581ae3429
 runc:
  Version:          1.0.0-rc10
  GitCommit:        dc9208a3303feef5b3839f4323d9beb36df0a9dd
 docker-init:
  Version:          0.18.0
  GitCommit:        fec3683
 
 # 7 运行 hello-world
 docker run hello-world
 
 [root@localhost ~]# docker run hello-world
Unable to find image 'hello-world:latest' locally
latest: Pulling from library/hello-world
0e03bdcc26d7: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:49a1c8800c94df04e9658809b006fd8a686cab8028d33cfba2cc049724254202
Status: Downloaded newer image for hello-world:latest

Hello from Docker!
This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly.

To generate this message, Docker took the following steps:
 1. The Docker client contacted the Docker daemon.
 2. The Docker daemon pulled the "hello-world" image from the Docker Hub.
    (amd64)
 3. The Docker daemon created a new container from that image which runs the
    executable that produces the output you are currently reading.
 4. The Docker daemon streamed that output to the Docker client, which sent it
    to your terminal.

To try something more ambitious, you can run an Ubuntu container with:
 $ docker run -it ubuntu bash

Share images, automate workflows, and more with a free Docker ID:
 https://hub.docker.com/

For more examples and ideas, visit:
 https://docs.docker.com/get-started/

[root@localhost ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
[root@localhost ~]# 

# 8 查看一下下载的这个hello-world镜像
[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
hello-world         latest              bf756fb1ae65        7 months ago        13.3kB

了解卸载Docker

# 1 卸载依赖
yum remove docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io
# 2 删除资源
rm -rf /var/lib/docker
# 3 docker的默认资源路径
/var/lib/docker

aliyun镜像加速

登录阿里云，找到容器镜像服务
找到镜像加速地址

配置使用

sudo mkdir -p /etc/docker
sudo tee /etc/docker/daemon.json <<-'EOF'
{
  "registry-mirrors": ["https://pp4vj5it.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]
}
EOF
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl restart docker