【电信学】【2017.11】物联网：互联网关协议与语义互操作性综述

本文为芬兰奥卢应用科学大学（作者：Simon Mensah）的硕士论文，共71页。

这篇硕士论文的主要目的是详细概述为物联网（IoT）应用程序的实现设计最有前途的协议，其目的还在于为新的研究和应用开发人员选择应用程序的最佳协议提供理解与建议。对现有的IoT体系结构、协议栈、IoT网关性能以及具有协议语义互操作性的数据管理进行了综述，以供开发人员参考。同时，对即将到来的5G蜂窝技术也给出了一个快速的概述，该技术已经被计划用于物联网的全面部署，以提供物联网在不久将来的概貌。

本论文的工作主要是通过收集相关的科学论文和已批准的物联网（IoT）技术标准来进行的。此外，由于协议标准的不同，通过联系IoT行业的参与者以进一步研究实时应用程序实现面临的挑战以及他们在协议选择和与其它应用程序互连性或互操作性方面所面临的约束。

只要没有实现IoT协议的通用标准，本研究的结果将作为IoT应用开发人员在开发IoT产品时选择正确应用协议的指导。再次，由于缺乏IoT的共同标准，不同厂商设备之间的互联或互操作性对消费者来说是一个挑战。因此，本文的研究结果将帮助消费者从当今市场上的大量IoT产品中仔细考虑互操作特性。然而，今后关于这个课题的研究可以继续展开，以研究如何实现本工作所呈现的应用层协议之间的语义互操作性，使得来自一个供应商应用程序的数据可以在另一个供应商应用程序中以相似的格式表示。

The main objective of this Master’s thesiswas to present a detailed overview of the most promising protocols designed forthe Internet of Things (IoT) application implementation. The objective was alsoto serve as a comprehension for new researches and application developers tochoose the best protocol for their applications deployment. A review on theexisting IoT architectures, the protocol stacks, IoT gateway performance anddata management with semantic interoperability of the protocols were presentedto serve as a guide for developers. Also, a quick overview on the upcoming 5G cellular technology, which has beenplanned to have more promising technology for IoT full deployment is alsopresented to give an idea of what IoT will be in near future. This thesis workwas conducted mainly by a collection of relevant scientific papers and approvedstandards of the Internet of Things (IoT) technology. Also, players in the IoTindustry were personally contacted for further real-time applicationimplementation challenges and the constrains they face in terms of the choiceof protocol and the interconnectivity or interoperability with otherapplications due to different protocol standards. As long as there is no commonstandard for IoT protocol implementation, the result of this study will serveas a guide for IoT application developers to help them to choose the rightapplication protocol when developing an IoT product. Again, due to the lack ofcommon standard for IoT, interconnectivity or interoperability between devicesfrom different vendors is a challenge for consumers, hence, the result of thisthesis will help consumers to choose carefully from the vast IoT products onthe market today in other to interoperate the product the buy. However, futurestudies on this subject could be conducted to investigate how to achieve asemantic interoperability among the application layer protocols presented inthis work so that data from one vendor application can be represented in thesimilar format in another vendor application.

1 引言
2 IoT架构
3 IoT网关协议与IP栈
4 CoAP协议
5 MQTT协议
6 比较MQTT和CoAP协议
7 5G移动通信中的IoT
8 结论

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