【读书2】【2014】基于MATLAB的雷达信号处理基础（第二版）——雷达发展历史与应用(2)

另一方面，日本人在菲律宾缴获了美国的雷达，并在雷达研制上得到了德国人的帮助。

On the other hand, Japanese efforts wereaided by the capture ofU.S.radars in thePhilippinesand by the disclosure of German technology.

德国人部署了各种陆基、舰载和机载雷达系统。

The Germans themselves deployed a varietyof ground-based, shipboard, and airborne systems.

二战结束后，雷达的应用价值以及微波工作频率和脉冲波形的优点都得到了广泛的认可。

By the end of the war, the value of radarand the advantages of microwave frequencies and pulsed waveforms were widelyrecognized.

早期的雷达发展是由军事需求驱动的，如今，军事应用仍然是雷达技术的主要使用者和发展者。

Early radar development was driven bymilitary necessity, and the military is still a major user and developer ofradar technology.

军事应用包括地面、海洋、空中和航天器的监视、导航和武器制导。

Military applications include surveillance,navigation, and weapons guidance for ground, sea, air, and space vehicles.

军用雷达的应用范围从巨大的弹道导弹防御系统到拳头大小的战术导弹导引头。

Military radars span the range from hugeballistic missile defense systems to fist-sized tactical missile seekers.

现代雷达的应用范围越来越广。

Radar now enjoys an increasing range ofapplications.

其中最常见的是警察使用的交通雷达，用于执行限速监测（测量棒球和网球发球速度）。

One of the most common is the policetraffic radar used for enforcing speed limits (and measuring the speed ofbaseballs and tennis serves).

此外还有大家熟悉的本地电视新闻中的“彩色气象雷达画面”。

Another is the “color weatherradar” familiar to every viewer of local television news.

后者是一种气象雷达，更复杂的雷达系统被用于大规模天气监测预报和大气研究。

The latter is one type of meteorologicalradar; more sophisticated systems are used for large-scale weather monitoringand prediction and atmospheric research.

另一种影响许多普通人的雷达是应用于空中交通控制系统，该系统用于在航线和机场附近引导商用飞机的飞行。

Another radar application that affects manypeople is found in the air traffic control systems used to guide commercialaircraft both en route and in the vicinity of airports.

航空界也使用雷达来确定飞机高度、避免恶劣天气，未来可能还会用于恶劣天气条件下的机场跑道成像。

Aviation also uses radar for determiningaltitude and avoiding severe weather, and may soon use it for imaging runwayapproaches in poor weather.

雷达通常用于船舶避障和浮标探测，现在已经开始在汽车和卡车工业上发挥同样的作用。

Radar is commonly used for collisionavoidance and buoy detection by ships, and is now beginning to serve the samerole for the automobile and trucking industries.

最后，星载（卫星和航天飞机）和机载雷达是绘制地球拓扑和环境特征（如水纹和冰雪、森林、土地利用和污染等）的重要工具。

Finally, spaceborne (both satellite andspace shuttle) and airborne radar is an important tool in mapping earthtopology and environmental characteristics such as water and ice conditions,forestry conditions, land usage, and pollution.

虽然关于雷达应用的草图远非详尽无遗，但确实表明了雷达这一技术的应用范围非常广泛。

While this sketch of radar applications isfar from exhaustive, it does indicate the breadth of applications of thisremarkable technology.

本书试图对雷达技术的信号处理知识进行全面、直接、一致的描述，主要内容集中于大多数雷达系统所共有的基本功能。

This text tries to present a thorough,straightforward, and consistent description of the signal processing aspects ofradar technology, focusing primarily on the more fundamental functions commonto most radar systems.

本书偏重于对脉冲雷达的讲述，但是许多方法同时适用于脉冲雷达和连续波雷达这两种体制。

Pulsed radars are emphasized over CWradars, though many of the ideas are applicable to both.

类似地，本书偏重于单基地雷达的讲述，即发射机和接收机天线是放在相同位置的（实际上通常是采用同一副天线分时发射/接收），但是许多研究结果同样适用于单基地和双基地雷达系统。

Similarly, monostatic radars, where thetransmitter and receiver antennas are collocated (and in fact are usually thesame antenna), are emphasized over bistatic radars, where they aresignificantly separated, though again many of the results apply to both.

由于大多数雷达都是采用单基地脉冲体制，因此本书聚焦于此进行讨论。

The reason for this focus is that themajority of radar systems are monostatic, pulsed designs.

最后，本书尽可能从数字信号处理(DSP)的观点来探讨雷达这个主题，这是因为大多数新的雷达设计严重依赖于数字处理，而且这种研究方法可以将概念统一起来、将结果分开对待。

Finally, the subject is approached from adigital signal processing (DSP) viewpoint as much as practicable, both becausemost new radar designs rely heavily on digital processing and because thisapproach can unify concepts and results often treated separately.

——本文译自Mark A. Richards所著的《Fundamentals of Radar Signal Processing（Second edition）》

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