全新Windows-Ubuntu子系统-kaldi安装

1. sox 安装

先安装了sox， sudo apt install sox

2. 官网zip下载kaldi

https://github.com/kaldi-asr/kaldi
下载的zip包解压， Ubuntu没有安装unzip

3. 安装解压缩命令 unzip

命令行安装 sudo apt install unzip

4. kaldi检查依赖

cd kaldi-master/tools
extras/check_dependencies.sh

运行结果：

extras/check_dependencies.sh: Compiler 'g++' is not installed.
extras/check_dependencies.sh: You need g++ >= 4.8.3, Apple Xcode >= 5.0 or clang >= 3.3.
extras/check_dependencies.sh: make is not installed.
extras/check_dependencies.sh: automake is not installed.
extras/check_dependencies.sh: autoconf is not installed.
extras/check_dependencies.sh: gfortran is not installed.
extras/check_dependencies.sh: neither libtoolize nor glibtoolize is installed
extras/check_dependencies.sh: subversion is not installed
extras/check_dependencies.sh: python2.7 is not installed
extras/check_dependencies.sh: Intel MKL is not installed. Run extras/install_mkl.sh to install it.
 ... You can also use other matrix algebra libraries. For information, see:
 ...   http://kaldi-asr.org/doc/matrixwrap.html
extras/check_dependencies.sh: Some prerequisites are missing; install them using the command:
  sudo apt-get install g++ make automake autoconf gfortran libtool subversion python2.7

sudo apt-get install g++ make automake autoconf gfortran libtool subversion python2.7

5. 依次安装依赖

1. install g++

sudo apt-get install g++

Do you want to continue? [Y/n] Y
Get:1 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/main amd64 libstdc++-7-dev amd64 7.4.0-1ubuntu1~18.04.1 [1468 kB]
Get:2 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/main amd64 g++-7 amd64 7.4.0-1ubuntu1~18.04.1 [7574 kB]
Get:3 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/main amd64 g++ amd64 4:7.4.0-1ubuntu2.3 [1568 B]
Fetched 9044 kB in 1min 14s (123 kB/s)
Selecting previously unselected package libstdc++-7-dev:amd64.
(Reading database ... 33237 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../libstdc++-7-dev_7.4.0-1ubuntu1~18.04.1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libstdc++-7-dev:amd64 (7.4.0-1ubuntu1~18.04.1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package g++-7.
Preparing to unpack .../g++-7_7.4.0-1ubuntu1~18.04.1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking g++-7 (7.4.0-1ubuntu1~18.04.1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package g++.
Preparing to unpack .../g++_4%3a7.4.0-1ubuntu2.3_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking g++ (4:7.4.0-1ubuntu2.3) ...
Setting up libstdc++-7-dev:amd64 (7.4.0-1ubuntu1~18.04.1) ...
Processing triggers for man-db (2.8.3-2ubuntu0.1) ...
Setting up g++-7 (7.4.0-1ubuntu1~18.04.1) ...
Setting up g++ (4:7.4.0-1ubuntu2.3) ...
update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/g++ to provide /usr/bin/c++ (c++) in auto mode

2. install make

sudo apt-get install make

Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following package was automatically installed and is no longer required:
  libfreetype6
Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove it.
Suggested packages:
  make-doc
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  make
0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 116 not upgraded.
Need to get 154 kB of archives.
After this operation, 381 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Get:1 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/main amd64 make amd64 4.1-9.1ubuntu1 [154 kB]
Fetched 154 kB in 7s (22.3 kB/s)
Selecting previously unselected package make.
(Reading database ... 34051 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../make_4.1-9.1ubuntu1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking make (4.1-9.1ubuntu1) ...
Setting up make (4.1-9.1ubuntu1) ...
Processing triggers for man-db (2.8.3-2ubuntu0.1) ...

3. install automake

sudo apt-get install automake

Do you want to continue? [Y/n] Y
Get:1 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/main amd64 m4 amd64 1.4.18-1 [197 kB]
Get:2 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/main amd64 autoconf all 2.69-11 [322 kB]
Get:3 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/main amd64 autotools-dev all 20180224.1 [39.6 kB]
Get:4 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/main amd64 automake all 1:1.15.1-3ubuntu2 [509 kB]
Fetched 1068 kB in 19s (55.6 kB/s)
Selecting previously unselected package m4.
(Reading database ... 34067 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../archives/m4_1.4.18-1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking m4 (1.4.18-1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package autoconf.
Preparing to unpack .../autoconf_2.69-11_all.deb ...
Unpacking autoconf (2.69-11) ...
Selecting previously unselected package autotools-dev.
Preparing to unpack .../autotools-dev_20180224.1_all.deb ...
Unpacking autotools-dev (20180224.1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package automake.
Preparing to unpack .../automake_1%3a1.15.1-3ubuntu2_all.deb ...
Unpacking automake (1:1.15.1-3ubuntu2) ...
Processing triggers for install-info (6.5.0.dfsg.1-2) ...
Setting up m4 (1.4.18-1) ...
Setting up autotools-dev (20180224.1) ...
Processing triggers for man-db (2.8.3-2ubuntu0.1) ...
Setting up autoconf (2.69-11) ...
Setting up automake (1:1.15.1-3ubuntu2) ...
update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/automake-1.15 to provide /usr/bin/automake (automake) in auto mode

4. install autoconf

sudo apt-get install autoconf

Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
autoconf is already the newest version (2.69-11).
autoconf set to manually installed.
The following package was automatically installed and is no longer required:
  libfreetype6
Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove it.
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 116 not upgraded.

5. install gfortran

sudo apt-get install gfortran

Do you want to continue? [Y/n] Y
Get:1 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/main amd64 libgfortran4 amd64 7.4.0-1ubuntu1~18.04.1 [492 kB]
Get:2 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/main amd64 libgfortran-7-dev amd64 7.4.0-1ubuntu1~18.04.1 [530 kB]
Get:3 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/main amd64 gfortran-7 amd64 7.4.0-1ubuntu1~18.04.1 [7112 kB]
Get:4 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/main amd64 gfortran amd64 4:7.4.0-1ubuntu2.3 [1356 B]
Fetched 8135 kB in 48s (169 kB/s)
Selecting previously unselected package libgfortran4:amd64.
(Reading database ... 34350 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../libgfortran4_7.4.0-1ubuntu1~18.04.1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libgfortran4:amd64 (7.4.0-1ubuntu1~18.04.1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libgfortran-7-dev:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../libgfortran-7-dev_7.4.0-1ubuntu1~18.04.1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libgfortran-7-dev:amd64 (7.4.0-1ubuntu1~18.04.1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package gfortran-7.
Preparing to unpack .../gfortran-7_7.4.0-1ubuntu1~18.04.1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking gfortran-7 (7.4.0-1ubuntu1~18.04.1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package gfortran.
Preparing to unpack .../gfortran_4%3a7.4.0-1ubuntu2.3_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking gfortran (4:7.4.0-1ubuntu2.3) ...
Setting up libgfortran4:amd64 (7.4.0-1ubuntu1~18.04.1) ...
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.27-3ubuntu1) ...
Setting up libgfortran-7-dev:amd64 (7.4.0-1ubuntu1~18.04.1) ...
Processing triggers for man-db (2.8.3-2ubuntu0.1) ...
Setting up gfortran-7 (7.4.0-1ubuntu1~18.04.1) ...
Setting up gfortran (4:7.4.0-1ubuntu2.3) ...
update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/gfortran to provide /usr/bin/f95 (f95) in auto mode
update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/gfortran to provide /usr/bin/f77 (f77) in auto mode

6. install libtool

sudo apt-get install libtool

Do you want to continue? [Y/n] Y
Get:1 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/main amd64 libltdl-dev amd64 2.4.6-2 [162 kB]
Get:2 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/main amd64 libtool all 2.4.6-2 [194 kB]
Fetched 356 kB in 4s (100 kB/s)
Selecting previously unselected package libltdl-dev:amd64.
(Reading database ... 34384 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../libltdl-dev_2.4.6-2_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libltdl-dev:amd64 (2.4.6-2) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libtool.
Preparing to unpack .../libtool_2.4.6-2_all.deb ...
Unpacking libtool (2.4.6-2) ...
Setting up libtool (2.4.6-2) ...
Setting up libltdl-dev:amd64 (2.4.6-2) ...
Processing triggers for man-db (2.8.3-2ubuntu0.1) ...

7. install subversion

sudo apt-get install subversion

Do you want to continue? [Y/n] Y
Get:1 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/main amd64 libapr1 amd64 1.6.3-2 [90.9 kB]
Get:2 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/main amd64 libaprutil1 amd64 1.6.1-2 [84.4 kB]
Get:3 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/universe amd64 libserf-1-1 amd64 1.3.9-6 [44.4 kB]
Get:4 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/universe amd64 libsvn1 amd64 1.9.7-4ubuntu1 [1183 kB]
Get:5 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/universe amd64 subversion amd64 1.9.7-4ubuntu1 [834 kB]
Fetched 2237 kB in 21s (105 kB/s)
Selecting previously unselected package libapr1:amd64.
(Reading database ... 34458 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../libapr1_1.6.3-2_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libapr1:amd64 (1.6.3-2) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libaprutil1:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../libaprutil1_1.6.1-2_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libaprutil1:amd64 (1.6.1-2) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libserf-1-1:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../libserf-1-1_1.3.9-6_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libserf-1-1:amd64 (1.3.9-6) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libsvn1:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../libsvn1_1.9.7-4ubuntu1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libsvn1:amd64 (1.9.7-4ubuntu1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package subversion.
Preparing to unpack .../subversion_1.9.7-4ubuntu1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking subversion (1.9.7-4ubuntu1) ...
Setting up libapr1:amd64 (1.6.3-2) ...
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.27-3ubuntu1) ...
Setting up libaprutil1:amd64 (1.6.1-2) ...
Processing triggers for man-db (2.8.3-2ubuntu0.1) ...
Setting up libserf-1-1:amd64 (1.3.9-6) ...
Setting up libsvn1:amd64 (1.9.7-4ubuntu1) ...
Setting up subversion (1.9.7-4ubuntu1) ...
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.27-3ubuntu1) ...

8. install python2.7

sudo apt-get install python2.7

Do you want to continue? [Y/n] Y
Get:1 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security/main amd64 libpython2.7-minimal amd64 2.7.15-4ubuntu4~18.04.2 [336 kB]
Get:2 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security/main amd64 python2.7-minimal amd64 2.7.15-4ubuntu4~18.04.2 [1296 kB]
Get:3 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security/main amd64 libpython2.7-stdlib amd64 2.7.15-4ubuntu4~18.04.2 [1916 kB]
Get:4 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security/main amd64 python2.7 amd64 2.7.15-4ubuntu4~18.04.2 [239 kB]
Fetched 3786 kB in 14s (266 kB/s)
Selecting previously unselected package libpython2.7-minimal:amd64.
(Reading database ... 34588 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../libpython2.7-minimal_2.7.15-4ubuntu4~18.04.2_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libpython2.7-minimal:amd64 (2.7.15-4ubuntu4~18.04.2) ...
Selecting previously unselected package python2.7-minimal.
Preparing to unpack .../python2.7-minimal_2.7.15-4ubuntu4~18.04.2_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking python2.7-minimal (2.7.15-4ubuntu4~18.04.2) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libpython2.7-stdlib:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../libpython2.7-stdlib_2.7.15-4ubuntu4~18.04.2_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libpython2.7-stdlib:amd64 (2.7.15-4ubuntu4~18.04.2) ...
Selecting previously unselected package python2.7.
Preparing to unpack .../python2.7_2.7.15-4ubuntu4~18.04.2_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking python2.7 (2.7.15-4ubuntu4~18.04.2) ...
Processing triggers for mime-support (3.60ubuntu1) ...
Processing triggers for man-db (2.8.3-2ubuntu0.1) ...
Setting up libpython2.7-minimal:amd64 (2.7.15-4ubuntu4~18.04.2) ...
Setting up libpython2.7-stdlib:amd64 (2.7.15-4ubuntu4~18.04.2) ...
Setting up python2.7-minimal (2.7.15-4ubuntu4~18.04.2) ...
Linking and byte-compiling packages for runtime python2.7...
Setting up python2.7 (2.7.15-4ubuntu4~18.04.2) ...

6. 再次检查依赖

cd kaldi-master/tools
extras/check_dependencies.sh

运行结果：

extras/check_dependencies.sh: zlib is not installed.
extras/check_dependencies.sh: python2.7 is installed, but the python2 binary does not exist. Creating a symlink and adding this to tools/env.sh
extras/check_dependencies.sh: Intel MKL is not installed. Run extras/install_mkl.sh to install it.
 ... You can also use other matrix algebra libraries. For information, see:
 ...   http://kaldi-asr.org/doc/matrixwrap.html
extras/check_dependencies.sh: Some prerequisites are missing; install them using the command:
  sudo apt-get install zlib1g-dev

7. 再次安装依赖

sudo apt-get install zlib1g-dev

Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following package was automatically installed and is no longer required:
  libfreetype6
Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove it.
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  zlib1g-dev
0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 116 not upgraded.
Need to get 176 kB of archives.
After this operation, 457 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Get:1 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/main amd64 zlib1g-dev amd64 1:1.2.11.dfsg-0ubuntu2 [176 kB]
Fetched 176 kB in 3s (68.5 kB/s)
Selecting previously unselected package zlib1g-dev:amd64.
(Reading database ... 35306 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../zlib1g-dev_1%3a1.2.11.dfsg-0ubuntu2_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking zlib1g-dev:amd64 (1:1.2.11.dfsg-0ubuntu2) ...
Processing triggers for man-db (2.8.3-2ubuntu0.1) ...
Setting up zlib1g-dev:amd64 (1:1.2.11.dfsg-0ubuntu2) ...

注意：安装包中有一个阿拉伯数字1，不要打成英文字母小写l，会出现错误

Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
E: Unable to locate package zliblg-dev

8. 再次检查依赖

cd kaldi-master/tools
extras/check_dependencies.sh

运行结果：

extras/check_dependencies.sh: Intel MKL is not installed. Run extras/install_mkl.sh to install it.
 ... You can also use other matrix algebra libraries. For information, see:
 ...   http://kaldi-asr.org/doc/matrixwrap.html

9. 再次安装依赖（出现的问题没有解决）

extras/install_mkl.sh 

gpg: no valid OpenPGP data found.
extras/install_mkl.sh: MKL package intel-mkl-64bit-2019.2-057 installation FAILED.

Please open an issue with us at https://github.com/kaldi-asr/kaldi/ if you
believe this is a bug.

try…（不可行）

sudo apt-get install build-essential
sudo apt-get install libatlas-base-dev
sudo apt upgrade g++

try…(没装上)

$ nvidia-smi
Command 'nvidia-smi' not found, but can be installed with:
sudo apt install nvidia-340
sudo apt install nvidia-utils-390

sudo apt install nvidia-340

参考网址：
https://blog.csdn.net/ILUU121/article/details/82928627

没装上。。。