centos7安装mysql5.6.tar.gz

一、下载mysql

1、官网下载：MySQL :: Download MySQL Community Server (Archived Versions)

2、卸载系统自带的Mariadb

[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa|grep mariadb  // 查询出来已安装的mariadb

[root@localhost ~]# rpm -e --nodeps 文件名  // 卸载mariadb，文件名为上述命令查询出来的文件

3、删除etc目录下的my.cnf

[root@localhost ~]# rm /etc/my.cnf

4、执行以下命令来创建mysql用户组

[root@localhost ~]# groupadd mysql

5、执行以下命令来创建一个用户名为mysql的用户并加入mysql用户组

[root@localhost ~]# useradd -g mysql mysql

6、将下载的压缩包放到 /usr/local/ 目录下（通过mv 要移动的文件 /usr/local/）

7、解压安装包

[root@localhost local]# tar -xvf mysql-5.6.51-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar

注：如果压缩包为：mysql-5.6.51-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz，

则解压命令为: tar -zxvf mysql-5.6.51-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz

8、将解压好的文件夹重命名为mysql

[root@localhost local]# mv 解压出来的文件夹名 mysql

9、在 etc 下新建配置文件my.cnf，并在该文件中添加一下代码：

当然，也有简单方式：直接copy一份my.cnf文件到/etc下，然后再修改即可。

e g：copy一份/usr/local/mysql/support-files/下的my-default.cnf文件到/etc下

命令为：[root@localhost support-files]# cp my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf

然后，配置/etc目录下的my.cnf文件

[root@localhost support-files]# vim /etc/my.cnf

通过vim编辑器编辑my.cnf代码如下：

[root@localhost env]# cat /etc/my.cnf

# For advice on how to change settings please see

# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/server-configuration-defaults.html

# *** DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE. It's a template which will be copied to the

# *** default location during install, and will be replaced if you

# *** upgrade to a newer version of MySQL.

[mysqld]

# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data

# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.

# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M

# Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging

# changes to the binary log between backups.

# log_bin

########basic settings########

#basedir = /usr

  datadir = /data/mysql

  port = 3306

# server_id = .....

  socket = /data/mysql/mysql.sock

  log-error = /data/mysql/error.log

  pid-file = /data/mysql/mysql.pid

  user = mysql

  tmpdir = /tmp

  character_set_server = utf8

  default-storage-engine = INNODB

  lower_case_table_name = 1

  #log-queries-not-using-indexes

  skip-host-cache

  skip-name-resolve

# skip-external-locking

  query_cache_size = 128M

  query_cache_type = 1

  query_cache_limit = 4M

  query_cache_min_res_unit = 4K

sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES

#performance_schema = 0

#explicit_defaults_for_timestamp

#lower_case_table_names = 1

  interactive_timeout = 28800

  wait_timeout = 28800

  default-time-zone = '+8:00'

  back_log = 500

  max_connections = 3000

  max_connect_errors = 6000

  open_files_limit = 65535

  table_open_cache = 4096

  binlog_cache_size = 1M

  max_heap_table_size = 256M

  tmp_table_size = 256M

  max_allowed_packet = 32M

########buffer settings########  

  read_buffer_size = 16M

  read_rnd_buffer_size = 64M

  sort_buffer_size = 32M

  join_buffer_size = 16M

  key_buffer_size = 128M

  thread_cache_size = 100

  bulk_insert_buffer_size = 16M

########log settings########

#log_bin = mysql-bin

#binlog_format = mixed

#expire_logs_days = 30

  slow_query_log=1

  slow_query_log_file = /data/mysql/mysql-slow.log

  long_query_time = 1

  min_examined_row_limit = 100

  log_queries_not_using_indexes = 1

  log_throttle_queries_not_using_indexes = 10

  log-slow-admin-statements = 1

  log_slow_slave_statements = 0

#log_timestamps=system

  log_output = FILE

########innodb settings########

  innodb_file_per_table = 1

  innodb_open_files = 2000

  innodb_buffer_pool_size = 4G

  innodb_write_io_threads = 4

  innodb_read_io_threads = 4

  innodb_thread_concurrency = 0

  innodb_purge_threads = 1

  innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1

  innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M

  innodb_log_file_size = 128M

  innodb_log_files_in_group = 2

  innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 80

  innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50

  innodb_flush_method = O_DIRECT

# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.

# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.

# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.

# join_buffer_size = 128M

# sort_buffer_size = 2M

# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M

sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES

[mysqldump]

  quick

  max_allowed_packet = 16M

[client]

  default-character-set=utf8

  socket = /data/mysql/mysql.sock

10、进入安装mysql软件目录

[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/mysql

[root@localhost mysql]# chown -R mysql:mysql ./       修改当前目录拥有着为mysql用户

[root@localhost mysql]# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/data/mysql安装数据库

注：若执行以上最后一个命令出现以下问题：

FATAL ERROR: please install the following Perl modules before executing

./scripts/mysql_install_db:Data::Dumper

解决方法 ：安装autoconf库

命令: yum -y install autoconf   //此包安装时会安装Data:Dumper模块

安装完成重新执行上述最后一个命令

./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/data/mysql

[root@localhost mysql]# chown -R mysql:mysql data 修改当前data目录的拥有者为mysql用户

二、配置MySQL

1、授予my.cnf最大权限

[root@localhost ~]# chmod 777 /etc/my.cnf

设置开机自启动服务控制脚本：

2、复制启动脚本到资源目录

[root@localhost mysql]# cp ./support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld

3、增加mysqld服务控制脚本执行权限

[root@localhost mysql]# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld

4、将mysqld服务加入到系统服务

[root@localhost mysql]# chkconfig --add mysqld

5、检查mysqld服务是否已经生效

[root@localhost mysql]# chkconfig --list mysqld

命令输出类似下面的结果:

mysqld 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off

表明mysqld服务已经生效，在2、3、4、5运行级别随系统启动而自动启动，以后可以使用service命令控制mysql的启动和停止

命令为:service mysqld start和service mysqld stop

6、启动mysqld

[root@localhost mysql]# service mysqld start

7、将mysql的bin目录加入PATH环境变量，编辑 ~/.bash_profile文件

[root@localhost mysql]# vim ~/.bash_profile

在文件最后添加如下信息:

export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin

然后按ESC键

继续 shift键加冒号打出来=> ：

接下来输入wq回车即可

执行下面的命令是修改的内容立即生效:

[root@localhost mysql]# source ~/.bash_profile

8、以root账户登录mysql,默认是没有密码的

[root@localhost mysql]# mysql -uroot -p

要输入密码的时候直接回车即可。

9、设置root账户密码为root（也可以修改成你要的密码）

mysql>use mysql;

mysql>update user set password=password('root') where user='root' and host='localhost';

mysql>flush privileges;

10、设置远程主机登录，注意下面的your username 和 your password改成你需要设置的用户和密码

mysql>GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'your username'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'your password' WITH

GRANT OPTION;