python_web学习笔记三：django基础篇之类视图与中间键

一、类视图

1.常用的四种请求方式

view

class ClassView(View):
    def get(self, request):
        return http.HttpResponse("get")

    def post(self, request):
        return http.HttpResponse("post")

    def delete(self, request):
        return http.HttpResponse("delete")

    def put(self, request):
        return http.HttpResponse("put")

url

# 要加上as_view()
url(r'^classview/$', views.ClassView.as_view()),

2.装饰器的使用

在路由中装饰

def my_decorator(func):
    def wrapper(request, *args, **kwargs):
        print("装饰器被调用")
        print("请求路径%s" % request.path)
        return func(request, *args, **kwargs)
    return wrapper

class UrlDecorate(View):
    def get(self, request):
        return http.HttpResponse("OK")

url(r'^urldecorate/$', views.my_decorator(views.UrlDecorate.as_view())),

在视图中装饰

装饰所有方式

@method_decorator(my_decorator, name='dispatch')
class ViewDecorate(View):
    def get(self, request):
        return http.HttpResponse("OK")

    def post(self, request):
        return http.HttpResponse("OK")

装饰单个方式

@method_decorator(my_decorator, name='get')
class ViewDecorate(View):
    def get(self, request):
        return http.HttpResponse("OK")

    def post(self, request):
        return http.HttpResponse("OK")

装饰多个方式

class ViewDecorate(View):
    @method_decorator(my_decorator)
    def get(self, request):
        return http.HttpResponse("OK")

    @method_decorator(my_decorator)
    def post(self, request):
        return http.HttpResponse("OK")

    def put(self, request):
        return http.HttpResponse("OK")

3.Mixin扩展类

class DecoratorMixin(View):
    @method_decorator(my_decorator)
    def dispatch(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        view = super().dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs)
        return view


class MiXin(DecoratorMixin, View):
    def get(self, request):
        return http.HttpResponse("ok")

    def post(self, request):
        return http.HttpResponse("ok")

二、中间键

1.在子工程创建一个middleware.py

def my_middleware(get_response):
    print("初始化 my_middleware")

    def middleware(request):
        print("request前")
        response = get_response(request)
        print("请求路径%s" % request.path)
        print("response后")
        return response
    return middleware

2.settings中的中间键添加

MIDDLEWARE = [
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    # 'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
    'basics.middleware.my_middleware'  # 添加的自定义的中间键
]