【MicroPython ESP32】1.8“tft ST7735驱动3Dcube图形显示示例

【MicroPython ESP32】1.8“tft ST7735驱动3Dcube图形显示示例

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• 本实例基于Thonny平台开发
• 效果演示（Gif录制，帧率上不来，有重影，实际效果没有，很流畅）
  

本示例借鉴了坛友三十岁开始学编程的大叔的《micropython 旋转立方体》：https://live.csdn.net/v/226877?spm=1001.2014.3001.5501

驱动屏幕和开发板

• 驱动屏幕采用的是合宙1.8"tft屏幕

1.8寸SPI串口模块TFT彩屏，16位彩色，分辨率：128*160，65K色，驱动IC：ST7735;

• 开发板采用的esp32Dev
  

接线说明

sck(SCL) =Pin(18)
mosi（SDA）=Pin(23)
dc = Pin(21)
cs = Pin(16)
rst（RES）= Pin(22)
BL--不接

MicroPython固件

• 采用的是带中文字库的固件，固件资源下载地址：https://github.com/kaixindelele/ssd1306-MicroPython-ESP32-Chinese/

根据个人开发板情况选择对应的固件,虽然本示例未使用字体，但是需要使用此固件才能运行，不然运行会报错。

ST7735驱动模块

• st7735.py代码（保存到MicroPython设备上）

from time import sleep_ms
from ustruct import pack
from machine import SPI,Pin
from micropython import const
import framebuf

#   ST7735V registers definitions

NOP     = const(0x00) # No Operation
SWRESET = const(0x01) # Software reset

SLPIN   = const(0x10) # Sleep in & booster off
SLPOUT  = const(0x11) # Sleep out & booster on
PTLON   = const(0x12) # Partial mode on
NORON   = const(0x13) # Partial off (Normal)

INVOFF  = const(0x20) # Display inversion off
INVON   = const(0x21) # Display inversion on
DISPOFF = const(0x28) # Display off
DISPON  = const(0x29) # Display on
CASET   = const(0x2A) # Column address set
RASET   = const(0x2B) # Row address set
RAMWR   = const(0x2C) # Memory write
RGBSET  = const(0x2D) # Display LUT set

PTLAR   = const(0x30) # Partial start/end address set
COLMOD  = const(0x3A) # Interface pixel format
MADCTL  = const(0x36) # Memory data access control

# panel function commands
FRMCTR1 = const(0xB1) # In normal mode (Full colors)
FRMCTR2 = const(0xB2) # In Idle mode (8-colors)
FRMCTR3 = const(0xB3) # In partial mode + Full colors
INVCTR  = const(0xB4) # Display inversion control

PWCTR1  = const(0xC0) # Power control settings
PWCTR2  = const(0xC1) # Power control settings
PWCTR3  = const(0xC2) # In normal mode (Full colors)
PWCTR4  = const(0xC3) # In Idle mode (8-colors)
PWCTR5  = const(0xC4) # In partial mode + Full colors
VMCTR1  = const(0xC5) # VCOM control

GMCTRP1 = const(0xE0)
GMCTRN1 = const(0xE1)



class ST7735(framebuf.FrameBuffer):
    def __init__(self, width, height, spi, dc, rst, cs, rot=0, bgr=0):
        if dc is None:
            raise RuntimeError('TFT must be initialized with a dc pin number')
        dc.init(dc.OUT, value=0)
        if cs is None:
            raise RuntimeError('TFT must be initialized with a cs pin number')
        cs.init(cs.OUT, value=1)
        if rst is not None:
            rst.init(rst.OUT, value=1)
        else:
            self.rst =None
        self.spi = spi
        self.rot = rot
        self.dc = dc
        self.rst = rst
        self.cs = cs
        self.height = height
        self.width = width
        self.buffer = bytearray(self.height * self.width*2)
        super().__init__(self.buffer, self.width, self.height, framebuf.RGB565SW, self.width)
        if (self.rot ==0):
            madctl=0x00
        elif (self.rot ==1):
            madctl=0xa0
        elif (self.rot ==2):
            madctl=0xc0
        else :
            madctl=0x60
        if bgr==0:
            madctl|=0x08
        self.madctl = pack('>B', madctl)
        self.reset()

        self._write(SLPOUT)
        sleep_ms(120)
        for command, data in (
            (COLMOD,  b"\x05"),
            (MADCTL,  pack('>B', madctl)),
            ):
            self._write(command, data)
        if self.width==80 or self.height==80:
            self._write(INVON, None)
        else:
            self._write(INVOFF, None)
        buf=bytearray(128)
        for i in range(32):
            buf[i]=i*2
            buf[i+96]=i*2
        for i in range(64):
            buf[i+32]=i
        self._write(RGBSET, buf)
        #self._write(NORON)
        #sleep_ms(10)
        self.show()
        self._write(DISPON)
        #sleep_ms(100)
    def reset(self):
        if self.rst is None:
            self._write(SWRESET)
            sleep_ms(50)
            return
        self.rst.off()
        sleep_ms(50)
        self.rst.on()
        sleep_ms(50)
    def _write(self, command, data = None):
        self.cs.off()
        self.dc.off()
        self.spi.write(bytearray([command]))
        self.cs.on()
        if data is not None:
            self.cs.off()
            self.dc.on()
            self.spi.write(data)
            self.cs.on()
    def show(self):
        if self.width==80 or self.height==80:
            if self.rot==0 or self.rot==2:
                self._write(CASET,pack(">HH", 26, self.width+26-1))
                self._write(RASET,pack(">HH", 1, self.height+1-1))
            else:
                self._write(CASET,pack(">HH", 1, self.width+1-1))
                self._write(RASET,pack(">HH", 26, self.height+26-1))
        else:
            if self.rot==0 or self.rot==2:
                self._write(CASET,pack(">HH", 0, self.width-1))
                self._write(RASET,pack(">HH", 0, self.height-1))
            else:
                self._write(CASET,pack(">HH", 0, self.width-1))
                self._write(RASET,pack(">HH", 0, self.height-1))
            
        self._write(RAMWR,self.buffer)
    def rgb(self,r,g,b):
        return ((r&0xf8)<<8)|((g&0xfc)<<3)|((b&0xf8)>>3)

文件架构

• 运行代码前先上传st7735.py模块到Micropython设备上。
  

实例代码

from math import cos,sin,pi
from st7735 import ST7735
from machine import Pin,SPI


cube=[[-35,-35,-35],[-35,35,-35],[35,35,-35],[35,-35,-35],[-35,-35,35],[-35,35,35],[35,35,35],[35,-35,35]]
lineid=[1,2,2,3,3,4,4,1,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,5,8,4,7,3,6,2,5,1]

# 初始化SPI
spi=SPI(2, baudrate=20000000, polarity=0, phase=0, sck=Pin(18), mosi=Pin(23))

# 初始化LCD  rot 是显示方向，bgr是默认显示的颜色
lcd= ST7735 (128, 160, spi,dc=Pin(21),cs=Pin(16),rst=Pin(22),rot=2,bgr=0)

def matconv(a,matrix):
    res=[0,0,0]
    for i in range(0,3):
        res[i]=matrix[i][0]*a[0]+matrix[i][1]*a[1]+matrix[i][2]*a[2]
    for i in range(0,3):
        a[i]=res[i]
    return a

def rotate(obj,x,y,z):
    x=x/pi
    y=y/pi
    z=z/pi
    rz=[[cos(z),-sin(z),0],[sin(z),cos(z),0],[0,0,1]]
    ry=[[1,0,0],[0,cos(y),-sin(y)],[0,sin(y),cos(y)]]
    rx=[[cos(x),0,sin(x)],[0,1,0],[-sin(x),0,cos(x)]]
    matconv(matconv(matconv(obj,rz),ry),rx)
    
def drawcube(x,y,z):
    lcd.fill(0x9527)# 背景颜色
    for i in range(0,8):
        rotate(cube[i],x,y,z)
    for i in range(0,24,2):
        x1=int(64+cube[lineid[i]-1][0])
        y1=int(72+cube[lineid[i]-1][1])
        x2=int(64+cube[lineid[i+1]-1][0])
        y2=int(72+cube[lineid[i+1]-1][1])
        lcd.line(x1,y1,x2,y2,0xf88f)
        #print(64+cube[lineid[i]-1][0],32+cube[lineid[i]-1][1],64+cube[lineid[i+1]-1][0],32+cube[lineid[i+1]-1][1])
    lcd.show()
while True:
    drawcube(0.1,0.2,0.3)