C++ Primer（5e）第11章习题

11.1

map下标是关键字，不必是整数，而vector下标是整数；从map中提取一个元素，会得到一个pair类型对象。

11.3

#include<iostream>
#include<map>
#include<set>
#include<string>

using namespace std;

int main()
{
   
	map<string, size_t> word_count;
	set<string> exclude = {
    "The", "But", "And", "Or", "An", "A",
						   "the", "but", "and", "or", "an", "a" };
	string word;
	while (cin >> word)
	{
   
		if (exclude.find(word) == exclude.end())
			++word_count[word];
	}
	for (const auto &w : word_count)
		cout << w.first << " occurs " << w.second
		<< ((w.second > 1) ? " times" : " time") << endl;
	return 0;
}

11.4

#include<iostream>
#include<map>
#include<set>
#include<string>
#include<cctype>
#include<algorithm>

using namespace std;

int main()
{
   
	map<string, size_t> word_count;
	set<string> exclude = {
    "The", "But", "And", "Or", "An", "A",
						   "the", "but", "and", "or", "an", "a" };
	string word;
	while (cin >> word)
	{
   
		word.erase(find_if(word.begin(), word.end(), ::ispunct), word.end());
		for_each(word.begin(), word.end(), [](char &c) {
    c = tolower(c); });
		++word_count[word];
	}
	for (const auto &w : word_count)
		cout << w.first << " occurs " << w.second
		<< ((w.second > 1) ? " times" : " time") << endl;
	return 0;
}

11.5

当定义一个map时，必须既指明关键字类型又指明值类型；而定义一个set时，只需指定关键字类型。

11.6

set不能重复，而list可以重复

11.8

#include<iostream>
#<