数组转集合问题Arrays.asList()
1. 源码:
Arrays.class
public static <T> List<T> asList(T... a) {
//ArrayList为静态内部类
return new Arrays.ArrayList(a);
}
//内部类
Arrays.ArrayList.class
private static class ArrayList<E> extends AbstractList<E> implements RandomAccess, Serializable {
private static final long serialVersionUID = -2764017481108945198L;
private final E[] a;
//浅拷贝,只是将数据的地址值赋值给ArrayList的属性a
ArrayList(E[] array) {
this.a = (Object[])Objects.requireNonNull(array);
}
...
...
}
AbstractList.class
public void add(int index, E element) {
throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
}
public E remove(int index) {
throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
}
2. 结论:
- Arrays.asList(arr) 转为的实例化对象为Arrays中的静态内部类ArrayList,该类没有重写add() 、remove() 、clear()方法,不能对List增删,只能查改;
- Arrays.ArrayList内部类继承了AbstractList抽象类,AbstractList抽象类又实现了List接口,利用多态性,通过List接口接收asList()方法的返回结果,方法调用时,如果Arrays.ArrayList内部类进行了方法重写,则调用该重写方法,否则实际调用的是AbstractList重写List中的方法;
- 操作转换后的集合,数组也会变化,Arrays中的内部类ArrayList存放的也是数组,转换时进行的浅拷贝,只是将数组的地址值赋值给ArrayList内部类中的属性a;
- 方法参数arr数组如果使用基本数据类型,则会把它看作是一个整体保存在List底层数组中。
3. 验证代码:
@Test
public void test1(){
String[] arr = {"小轩","小刘","小王"};
List<String> asList = Arrays.asList(arr);
//asList.add("aaa"); // 异常:java.lang.UnsupportedOperationException
//修改集合,数组也会变化,Arrays中的内部类ArrayList存放的也是数据,而且是浅拷贝,只是将数组的地址值赋值给ArrayList中的属性a
String oldValue = asList.set(1, "123");
System.out.println("oldvalue:" + oldValue + ",asList:" + asList);
System.out.println("改变集合影响对应的数组:" + Arrays.toString(arr));
arr[2] = "中国";
System.out.println("改变数组影响转换成的集合:" + asList);
System.out.println(Arrays.toString(arr));
int[] myArray = {1, 2, 3};
List myList = Arrays.asList(myArray);
System.out.println(myList.size());//1
System.out.println(myList.get(0));
//System.out.println(myList.get(1));//报错:ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException
int[] array = (int[]) myList.get(0);
System.out.println(array[0]);//1
//实现转换后能进行增删改查,并且不影响原数组
String[] arr1 = {"小轩","小刘","小王"};
ArrayList<String> arrayList = new ArrayList<>(arr1.length);
Collections.addAll(arrayList, arr1);
arrayList.add("小王八");
}
基础知识点:一二维数组
public class ArrayTest {
@Test
public void test(){
/**
* 1.初始化的三种方式
* 2.长度在数组初始化之后就确定了,不能再改变
* 3.一维数组元素的默认初始化值:
* 数组元素是整型:0 浮点型:0.0 char:0或'\u0000',而非'0', '0'对应48 boolean型:false 引用数据类型:null
*/
int[] arr = new int[]{1,2,4};
int[] arr2 = new int[2];
//类型推断
String[] arr3 = {"小轩","小刘"};
//错误 java.lang.ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException
//arr[4] = 5;
arr2[0] = 11;
arr2[1] = 22;
for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
System.out.println(arr[i]);
}
/**
* 1.二维数组初始化的四种方式;
* 2.一维数组的元素又是一维数组,才构成二维数组;
* 3.内层一维数组的长度不需要一致;
* 4.二维数组外层元素为地址值(默认为null),内层默认为初始化值
*/
int[][] arr4 = new int[3][];
arr4[0] = arr;
//System.out.println("外层:" + arr4[1] + "、内层: " + arr4[1][1]); //外层为null ,内层报错
int[][] arr5 = new int[3][2];
System.out.println("外层:" + arr5[1] + "、内层: " + arr5[1][1]); //外层为地址值,内层为默认值
String[][] arr6 = new String[][]{{"小轩"},arr3};
String[][] arr7 = {{"A","B","C"},arr3};
System.out.println(Arrays.toString(arr6));
//获取数组长度
String[] strs = new String[5];
strs[1] = "1";
strs[2] = "2";
System.out.println(strs.length); // 5
}
}