C++学习3：文件操作入门

0 概述

常用的文件函数及定义方式如下：

0.1 定义方式

FILE* file = NULL;
file = fopen("test.txt", "r")

FILE *open;
int error;
error = fopen_s(&open, "test.yuv", "rb")

0.2文件函数

FILE * fopen(const char * path, const char * mode);
errno_t fopen_s( FILE** pFile, const char filename, const char mode );
int fscanf(FILEstream,const charformat,[argument…]);
int fprintf (FILE* stream, const char*format, [argument]);
size_t fread ( void buffer, size_t size, size_t count, FILE stream) ;
size_t fwrite(const void buffer, size_t size, size_t count, FILE stream);
int fclose( FILE *fp );

0.3视频编码统计时最常用的部分

FILE* writepu = fopen("output.txt", "a");
fprintf(writepu,"(%d,%d)\n", pu.blocks[channelType].x, pu.blocks[channelType].y);
fclose(writepu);
writepu = NULL;

0.4示例

头文件如下：

/* read.h */
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>

void read_three_numbers();
void read_and_write_yuv_file();

/* write.h */
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>

void write_nine_numbers();
void write_yuv_file(unsigned char *imageOut_Y, unsigned char*imageOut_Cb, unsigned char*imageOut_Cr);

1 基本文件操作

/* read_three_numbers函数*/
void read_three_numbers()
{
	FILE* read = NULL;//创建一个指向文件的指针
	read = fopen("test.txt", "r");//fopen：打开文件，并确定打开类型，r只读

	int a[3] = { 0 };
	for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
		fscanf(read, "%d", &a[i]);//fscanf：读取文件的内容
	for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
		printf("%d\n", a[i]);

	fclose(read);//fclose：关掉文件
	read = NULL;//清理指针
}

/* write_nine_number函数*/
void write_nine_numbers()
{
	FILE *write = NULL;
	write = fopen("test.txt", "w");

	fprintf(write, "123\n");//fprintf：将文件的内容输出到文件中
	fprintf(write, "456\n");
	fprintf(write, "789\n");


	fclose(write);
	write = NULL;
}

2 视频编码常用文件操作

这里增加了对yuv的处理方式，即对二进制文件的处理：

/* read.cpp 完整版*/
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include"read.h"
#include"write.h"

void read_three_numbers()
{
	FILE* read = NULL;//创建一个指向文件的指针
	read = fopen("test.txt", "r");//fopen：打开文件，并确定打开类型，r只读

	int a[3] = { 0 };
	for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
		fscanf(read, "%d", &a[i]);//fscanf：读取文件的内容
	for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
		printf("%d\n", a[i]);

	fclose(read);//fclose：关掉文件
	read = NULL;//清理指针
}

void read_and_write_yuv_file()
{
	FILE *open;

	int error;
	error = fopen_s(&open, "E:\\project\\0_266Test\\20190217 VTM4.0测试\\dec.yuv", "rb");//fopen_s：文件指针，文件位置，打开方式
	if (error != NULL)
	{
		printf(" openning error\n");
	}

	unsigned char *imageIn_Y, *imageIn_Cb, *imageIn_Cr;//指向一片内存空间的指针

	imageIn_Y = (unsigned char*)malloc(832 * 480);//开辟空间
	imageIn_Cb = (unsigned char*)malloc(832 / 2 * 480 / 2);
	imageIn_Cr = (unsigned char*)malloc(832 / 2 * 480 / 2);

	fread(imageIn_Y, 832 * 480, 1, open);//fread：读取地址，读取数量，数据项所占字节数，文件指针
	fread(imageIn_Cb, 832 / 2 * 480 / 2, 1, open);
	fread(imageIn_Cr, 832 / 2 * 480 / 2, 1, open);

	write_yuv_file(imageIn_Y, imageIn_Cb, imageIn_Cr);

	//free(imageIn_Y);
	//free(imageIn_Cb);
	//free(imageIn_Cr);

	fclose(open);
}

/* write.cpp 完整版*/
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include"write.h"

void write_nine_numbers()
{
	FILE *write = NULL;
	write = fopen("test.txt", "w");

	fprintf(write, "123\n");//fprintf：将文件的内容输出到文件中
	fprintf(write, "456\n");
	fprintf(write, "789\n");


	fclose(write);
	write = NULL;
}

void write_yuv_file(unsigned char *imageOut_Y, unsigned char*imageOut_Cb, unsigned char*imageOut_Cr)
{
	FILE * out;
	int errorout1;
	errorout1 = fopen_s(&out, "Out_832x480.yuv", "wb");
	printf("Out is good? %d", errorout1);

	fwrite(imageOut_Y, 1, 832 * 480, out);//fwrite：写入位置的内存空间指针，每个数据项的字节数，数量，文件指针
	fwrite(imageOut_Cb, 1, 832 / 2 * 480 / 2, out);
	fwrite(imageOut_Cr, 1, 832 / 2 * 480 / 2, out);

	fclose(out);//fclose函数

	free(imageOut_Y);//释放空间！！！
	free(imageOut_Cb);
	free(imageOut_Cr);
}

/* main.cpp 完整版*/
#include"read.h"
#include"write.h"

int main()
{
	char choose;
	printf("Please choose! numbers for 'A' and yuv for 'B'\n");
	scanf("%c", &choose);
	if (choose == 'A')
	{
		write_nine_numbers();
		read_three_numbers();
	}
	else if (choose == 'B')
	{
		read_and_write_yuv_file();
	}
	else
		printf("error!");


	system("pause");
	return 0;
}