MySQL 5.7.42 安装教程（KylinOSv10安装MySQL5.7.42-Glibc）

安装环境信息

简单说，需要在kylinOSv10上使用普通用户及sudo权限安装MySQL5.7.x版本的数据库。进一步利用ansible进行批量数据库服务器的初始化安装（修改默认端口、修改初始密码、开放远程登录、自定义my.cnf中的各种目录路径、修改优化参数等）。

• 服务器操作系统：Kylin Linux Advanced Server V10 (Sword)

[sysma@]$ cat /etc/os-release 
NAME="Kylin Linux Advanced Server"
VERSION="V10 (Sword)"
ID="kylin"
VERSION_ID="V10"
PRETTY_NAME="Kylin Linux Advanced Server V10 (Sword)"
ANSI_COLOR="0;31"

[sysma@]$ uname -a
Linux ansible.novalocal 4.19.90-24.4.v2101.ky10.x86_64 #1 SMP Mon May 24 12:14:55 CST 2021 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

• MySQL软件版本：mysql-5.7.42-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64

#文件包信息
[sysma@]$ ll -h /mysql-5.7.42-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz 
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 647M Aug 23 16:18 /mysql-5.7.42-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

#安装成功后登录信息
[sysma@]$ sudo mysql -uroot -p
[sudo] password for sysma: 		#第一个注意点：使用sudo登录mysql时，可能需要先输入sudo用户密码，而不是MySQL应用密码。
Enter password: 				#此处输入的才是MySQL应用密码。
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.7.42-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

MySQL [(none)]> exit;
Bye

• 操作系统用户情况：
  • root用户不可登录，root用户密码未知。
  • sysma用户可登录，sysma用户有sudo权限，sysma用户密码已知。
  • kylinOS默认创建了mysql用户，但该mysql用户不可登录。

安装操作概览

使用sysma用户及sudo权限做了以下操作：

1. 上传glibc安装包
2. 创建解压目录
3. 解压后复制到/usr/local/mysql
4. 删除/etc/my.cnf
5. 创建my.cnf并初始化数据库，启动数据库。
6. 创建两个软连接。
7. 默认密码登录，并修改密码。
8. 安装完成。

实际操作步骤

tar -xvf mysql-5.7.42-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz 
mv mysql-5.7.42-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql/
rm -rf /etc/my.cnf
cd /usr/local/mysql/
vim my.cnf
bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/usr/local/mysql/my.cnf --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql
bin/mysql_ssl_rsa_setup --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql
service mysql status
service mysql start
service mysql status
cat data/mysqld.log |grep password
ln -s /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.sock /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
ln -s /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.sock /tmp/mysql.sock
bin/mysql -uroot -p

set password for root@'localhost' = 'yourpassword';    
create user 'root'@'%' identified by 'yourpassword';   
grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' with grant option;  
flush PRIVILEGES;

参考my.cnf 文件

具体内容如下，已新增了优化配置

[ptmauser@mysql-0001 data]$ cat /usr/local/mysql/my.cnf 

[mysqld]

#忘记密码时打开下一行注释，重启mysql，修改密码。
#skip-grant-tables

#基本配置：端口号、日志路径、数据路径、binlog配置、pid文件路径
server-id=8815
port = 5575
basedir=/usr/local/mysql/
#datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/
#socket=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.sock
#log-error=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysqld.log
#pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysqld.pid
#log-bin=/usr/local/mysql/data/binlog
#slow_query_log_file=/usr/local/mysql/data/slow.log
datadir=/data/data/
socket=/data/data/mysql.sock
log-error=/data/data/mysqld.log
pid-file=/data/data/mysqld.pid
log-bin=/data/data/binlog
slow_query_log_file=/data/data/slow.log
log_slave_updates
expire_logs_days=7
binlog_format=ROW

#配合需求新增的个性化配置：取消严格区分大小写、使用utf8字符、sql模式配置
default-storage-engine=INNODB
character-set-server=utf8
collation-server=utf8_general_ci
lower_case_table_names=1
sql_mode=STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION

#default_authentication_plugin=mysql_native_password    //修改密码加密方式

#数据库优化选项配置：
gtid-mode = on
enforce-gtid-consistency = 1
skip_slave_start=1
innodb_buffer_pool_size   = 1000M
innodb_buffer_pool_instances = 2
innodb_log_file_size      = 100M
innodb_log_files_in_group = 3
innodb_log_buffer_size    = 24M
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1
innodb_file_per_table     = 1
innodb_flush_method       = O_DIRECT
innodb_io_capacity        = 200
innodb_io_capacity_max    = 600
innodb_thread_concurrency = 0
innodb_autoinc_lock_mode  = 2
innodb_lock_wait_timeout  = 60
innodb_read_io_threads    = 4
innodb_write_io_threads   = 4
innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 80
innodb_autoextend_increment = 512
innodb_checksum_algorithm = NONE
max_connect_errors        = 1000
max_connections           = 500
connect_timeout           = 300
wait_timeout              = 86400
interactive_timeout       = 86400
[ptmauser@mysql-0001 data]$ 

注意

• kylinOS-V10-SP2已经默认创建了mysql用户

[root@localhost ilw]# cat /etc/passwd|grep mysql
mysql:x:27:27:MySQL Server:/var/lib/mysql:/sbin/nologin