OpenCV视频读取播放,视频转换为图片
介绍几个有关视频读取的函数:
VideoCapture::VideoCapture
VideoCapture可以从文件中或者摄像头中读取视频,这是提供给C++的接口的,C的接口是CvCapture结构。
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<span style=
"white-space:pre"> </span>C++: VideoCapture::VideoCapture(conststring& filename)
-
C++: VideoCapture::VideoCapture(
int device)
上面是初始化VideoCapture对象的,第一个是从文件中读取,第二个是从设备中读取,默认设备在这里是0;
例子:
-
<span style=
"white-space:pre"> </span>VideoCapturecapture(“sample.avi”);
//读取sample.avi文件
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VideoCapturecapture(
0);
//如果只有一个摄像头,capture会得到摄像头的视频。
VideoCapture::Open
打开视频文件或者视频设备(例如摄像头)。
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C++:
bool VideoCapture::open(
const
string& filename)
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C++:
bool VideoCapture::open(
int device)
例子:
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VideoCapturecapture;
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capture.open(“sample.avi”);
//这里的两句等效于上面的VideoCapturecapture(“sample.avi”),capture.open(0);是一样的
注意:
上面的视频文件打开,用完后,最好调用capture.release();来关闭刚刚打开的文件
VideoCapture::release
C++: void VideoCapture::release()
调用该方法关闭刚刚打开的文件。
VideoCapture::isOpened
判断视频是否被打开。
-
C++:
bool VideoCapture::open(
const
string& filename)
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C++:
bool VideoCapture::open(
int device)
成功打开,返回ture;否则false;
VideoCapture::grab
从视频文件中或者设备中获取下一帧,
C++:bool VideoCapture::grab()
该方法成功调用返回ture;主要用于多摄像头情况下,特别当那些摄像头没有实现硬件同步。grab之后,需要调用retrive对获取的帧进行解码。
VideoCapture::retrieve
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>C++:bool VideoCapture::retrieve(Mat& image, int channel=0)
对grab()得到的帧进行解码。
VideoCapture::read
获取,解码,这个方法结合了grab和retrieve,这个方法比较方便,
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C++:VideoCapture& VideoCapture::
operator>>(Mat& image)
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C++:
bool VideoCapture::read(Mat& image)
例子1:
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if(!capture.read(frame))
-
{
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cout<<
"读取视频失败" <<
endl;
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return
-1;
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}
例子2:
capture >>frame;
这两个方法都可以,不过第一个能够判断,建议使用第一个,程序更健壮。
VideoCapture::get
返回VideoCapture的一些属性
C++: double VideoCapture::get(int propId)
probId可以是下面的:
· CV_CAP_PROP_POS_MSEC Currentposition of the video file in milliseconds or video capture timestamp.
· CV_CAP_PROP_POS_FRAMES 0-basedindex of the frame to be decoded/captured next.
· CV_CAP_PROP_POS_AVI_RATIO Relativeposition of the video file: 0 - start of the film, 1 - end of the film.
· CV_CAP_PROP_FRAME_WIDTH Width of theframes in the video stream.
· CV_CAP_PROP_FRAME_HEIGHT Height ofthe frames in the video stream.
· CV_CAP_PROP_FPS Frame rate.
· CV_CAP_PROP_FOURCC 4-charactercode of codec.
· CV_CAP_PROP_FRAME_COUNT Number offrames in the video file.
· CV_CAP_PROP_FORMAT Format ofthe Mat objects returned by retrieve() .
· CV_CAP_PROP_MODE Backend-specificvalue indicating the current capture mode.
· CV_CAP_PROP_BRIGHTNESS Brightnessof the image (only for cameras).
· CV_CAP_PROP_CONTRAST Contrast ofthe image (only for cameras).
· CV_CAP_PROP_SATURATION Saturationof the image (only for cameras).
· CV_CAP_PROP_HUE Hue of theimage (only for cameras).
· CV_CAP_PROP_GAIN Gain of theimage (only for cameras).
· CV_CAP_PROP_EXPOSURE Exposure(only for cameras).
· CV_CAP_PROP_CONVERT_RGB Booleanflags indicating whether images should be converted to RGB.
· CV_CAP_PROP_WHITE_BALANCE Currentlynot supported
· CV_CAP_PROP_RECTIFICATION Rectificationflag for stereo cameras (note: only supported by DC1394 v 2.x backendcurrently)
VideoCapture::set
设置VideoCapture的属性:
C++: bool VideoCapture::set(int propId, double value)
设置的probId和上面的get一样。
下面的是视频读取和将视频内的画面转化为图片的代码,里面的注释应该足够解释了。
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#include <opencv2/core/core.hpp>
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#include <opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp>
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#include <opencv2/imgproc/imgproc.hpp>
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#include <iostream>
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-
using
namespace
std;
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using
namespace cv;
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int main()
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{
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//打开视频文件:其实就是建立一个VideoCapture结构
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VideoCapture capture("G:\\视频分析入门练习\\视频分析入门练习 - 附件\\sample.avi");
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//检测是否正常打开:成功打开时,isOpened返回ture
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if (!capture.isOpened())
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cout <<
"fail toopen!"<<
endl;
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//获取整个帧数
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long totalFrameNumber = capture.get(CV_CAP_PROP_FRAME_COUNT);
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cout <<
"整个视频共" << totalFrameNumber <<
"帧" <<
endl;
-
-
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//设置开始帧()
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long frameToStart =
1;
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capture.
set(CV_CAP_PROP_POS_FRAMES, frameToStart);
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cout <<
"从第" <<frameToStart <<
"帧开始读" <<
endl;
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-
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//设置结束帧
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int frameToStop =
30;
-
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if (frameToStop < frameToStart)
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{
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cout <<
"结束帧小于开始帧,程序错误,即将退出!" <<
endl;
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return
-1;
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}
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else
-
{
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cout <<
"结束帧为:第" << frameToStop <<
"帧" <<
endl;
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}
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//获取帧率
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double rate = capture.get(CV_CAP_PROP_FPS);
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cout <<
"帧率为:" << rate<<
endl;
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-
-
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//定义一个用来控制读取视频循环结束的变量
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bool stop =
false;
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//承载每一帧的图像
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Mat frame;
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//显示每一帧的窗口
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namedWindow(
"Extractedframe");
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//两帧间的间隔时间:
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//int delay = 1000/rate;
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double delay =
1000 / rate;
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-
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//利用while循环读取帧
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//currentFrame是在循环体中控制读取到指定的帧后循环结束的变量
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long currentFrame = frameToStart;
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-
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//滤波器的核
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int kernel_size =
3;
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Mat kernel = Mat::ones(kernel_size, kernel_size, CV_32F) / (
float)(kernel_size*kernel_size);
-
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while (!stop)
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{
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//读取下一帧
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if(!capture.read(frame))
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{
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cout <<
"读取视频失败" <<
endl;
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return
-1;
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}
-
-
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cout <<
"正在读取第" << currentFrame <<
"帧" <<
endl;
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imshow(
"Extractedframe",frame);
-
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cout <<
"正在写第" << currentFrame <<
"帧" <<
endl;
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stringstream str;
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str<<
"sample" <<currentFrame <<
".png";
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cout << str.str() <<
endl;
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imwrite(str.str() , frame);
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//waitKey(intdelay=0)当delay≤ 0时会永远等待;当delay>0时会等待delay毫秒
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//当时间结束前没有按键按下时,返回值为-1;否则返回按键
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int c = waitKey(delay);
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//按下ESC或者到达指定的结束帧后退出读取视频
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if ((
char)c ==
27 ||currentFrame > frameToStop)
-
{
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stop =
true;
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}
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//按下按键后会停留在当前帧,等待下一次按键
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if (c >=
0)
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{
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waitKey(
0);
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}
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currentFrame++;
-
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}
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//关闭视频文件
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capture.release();
-
waitKey(
0);
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return
0;
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}
结果:
读取后的图片,因为图片很多,上面代码在设置的时候,只读取了30帧
转自:https://blog.csdn.net/zhonghuan1992/article/details/38469315