C++多线程学习笔记03（线程参数）

线程参数的研究

1.传递临时对象作为线程参数
（1）在创建线程的同时，构造临时对象的方法传递参数是可行的
（2）传递int简单类型参数，建议都是值传递，不要引用。
（3）传递类对象，避免隐式类型转换，全部在创建线程时构建出临时对象，然后在函数参数里，使用引用，否则系统会再次构造一次对象。
（4）建议不适用detach()，只是用join();

2.线程ID
不同线程，线程ID不同 可以获取线程ID std::this_thread::get_id()

3.传递类对象，智能指针作为线程参数

4.用成员函数指针做线程函数

// 线程2.cpp : 定义控制台应用程序的入口点。
//

#include "stdafx.h"
#include<thread>
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;

void mypare(const int i, const string &buf)
{
	cout << "子线程开始" << endl;
	cout << i << endl;
	//cout << buf << endl;
	cout << "子线程结束" << endl;
}

int main()
{
	
	int mvar = 1;
	int &mvary = mvar;
	string str = "123sdsad";
	char buf[] = "no ok";
	thread mytoj(mypare, mvar,str);
	mytoj.join();
	mytoj.detach();
	cout << "主线程结束" << endl;

    return 0;
}

有拷贝

// 线程2.cpp : 定义控制台应用程序的入口点。
//

#include "stdafx.h"
#include<thread>
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;

class A
{
public:
	 int m_i;
	A(int a) :m_i(a) { cout << "构造函数执行"<<this<<"threadid = "<<std::this_thread::get_id()<<endl; };
	A(const A &a) :m_i(a.m_i) { cout << "拷贝构造函数" << this << "threadid = " << std::this_thread::get_id() <<endl; };
	~A() { cout << "析构函数" << this << "threadid = " << std::this_thread::get_id()<< endl; };
	void thread_work(int num)
	{
		cout << "函数thread_work执行" << this << "threadid = " << std::this_thread::get_id() << endl;
	}

	void operator()(int num)
	{
		cout << "函数operator执行" << this << "threadid = " << std::this_thread::get_id() << endl;
	}
};
void myprint2( A &mypritf)
{
	//mypritf.m_i = 199;//修改该值不会影响main函数中
	cout << "子线程 myprint 参数地址 = "<<&mypritf<<"threadid = "<<std::this_thread::get_id() << endl;

}

int main()
{
	//2.2
	cout << "主线程 id = " << std::this_thread::get_id() << endl;
	int var = 3;
	std::thread mylob(myprint2,A(var));
	//mylob.detach();
	mylob.join();
	cout << "主线程结束" << endl;
    return 0;
}
主线程 id = 11136
构造函数执行00BCFB60threadid = 11136
拷贝构造函数0110F9F0threadid = 11136
子线程 myprint 参数地址 = 0110F9F0threadid = 4016
析构函数00BCFB60threadid = 11136
析构函数0110F9F0threadid = 4016
主线程结束
请按任意键继续. . .

没有拷贝

// 线程2.cpp : 定义控制台应用程序的入口点。
//

#include "stdafx.h"
#include<thread>
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;

class A
{
public:
	 int m_i;
	A(int a) :m_i(a) { cout << "构造函数执行"<<this<<"threadid = "<<std::this_thread::get_id()<<endl; };
	A(const A &a) :m_i(a.m_i) { cout << "拷贝构造函数" << this << "threadid = " << std::this_thread::get_id() <<endl; };
	~A() { cout << "析构函数" << this << "threadid = " << std::this_thread::get_id()<< endl; };
	void thread_work(int num)
	{
		cout << "函数thread_work执行" << this << "threadid = " << std::this_thread::get_id() << endl;
	}

	void operator()(int num)
	{
		cout << "函数operator执行" << this << "threadid = " << std::this_thread::get_id() << endl;
	}
};

void myprint2( A &mypritf)
{
	mypritf.m_i = 199;//修改该值不会影响main函数中
	cout << "子线程 myprint 参数地址 = "<<&mypritf<<"threadid = "<<std::this_thread::get_id() << endl;

}

int main()
{
	//3.传递类对象，智能指针作为线程参数
	//std::ref

	A num(10); //生成类对象
	thread obj(myprint2,ref(num)); //将类对象作为线程参数
	obj.join();

	cout << "主线程结束" << endl;
    return 0;
}

构造函数执行010FFB84threadid = 14680
子线程 myprint 参数地址 = 010FFB84threadid = 13464
主线程结束
析构函数010FFB84threadid = 14680
请按任意键继续. . .

智能指针

// 线程2.cpp : 定义控制台应用程序的入口点。
//

#include "stdafx.h"
#include<thread>
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;

void myprint2(unique_ptr<int> pan)
{
	//mypritf.m_i = 199;//修改该值不会影响main函数中
	cout << "子线程 myprint 参数地址 = "<<&pan<<"threadid = "<<std::this_thread::get_id() << endl;

}

int main()
{
	unique_ptr<int> myp(new int(100));
	thread obj(myprint2,move( myp));
	obj.join();
	cout << "主线程结束" << endl;
    return 0;
}

子线程 myprint 参数地址 = 0144F210threadid = 1900
主线程结束
请按任意键继续. . .

// 线程2.cpp : 定义控制台应用程序的入口点。
//

#include "stdafx.h"
#include<thread>
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;



class A
{
public:
	 int m_i;
	A(int a) :m_i(a) { cout << "构造函数执行"<<this<<"threadid = "<<std::this_thread::get_id()<<endl; };
	A(const A &a) :m_i(a.m_i) { cout << "拷贝构造函数" << this << "threadid = " << std::this_thread::get_id() <<endl; };
	~A() { cout << "析构函数" << this << "threadid = " << std::this_thread::get_id()<< endl; };
	void thread_work(int num)
	{
		cout << "函数thread_work执行" << this << "threadid = " << std::this_thread::get_id() << endl;
		cout << num << endl;
	}

	void operator()(int num)
	{
		cout << "函数operator执行" << this << "threadid = " << std::this_thread::get_id() << endl;
	}
};


int main()
{
	//4.用成员函数指针做线程函数
	A okj(10);//生成一个类
	thread ijn(&A::thread_work,&okj,15);  //此处加&减少拷贝构造函数  等价前面的ref  1
	//thread ijn(ref(okj),15); //operator 函数, ref不调用拷贝函数 detach() 有危险  2
	ijn.join();
	


	cout << "主线程结束" << endl;
    return 0;
}
//1
构造函数执行0083FAE0threadid = 15136
函数thread_work执行0083FAE0threadid = 12160
15
主线程结束
析构函数0083FAE0threadid = 15136
请按任意键继续. . .
//2
构造函数执行010FF714threadid = 3600
函数operator执行010FF714threadid = 11824
主线程结束
析构函数010FF714threadid = 3600
请按任意键继续. . .