Linux命令大全

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个人座右铭：
1.没有横空出世，只要厚积一定发。
2.你可以学历不高，你可以不上学，但你不能不学习

一.文件管理

cat	chattr	chgrp	chmod
chown	cksum	cmp	diff
diffstat	file	find	git
gitview	indent	cut	ln
less	locate	lsattr	mattrib
mc	mdel	mdir	mktemp
more	mmove	mread	mren
mtools	mtoolstest	mv	od
paste	patch	rcp	rm
slocate	split	tee	tmpwatch
touch	umask	which	cp
whereis	mcopy	mshowfat	rhmask
scp	awk	read	updatedb

 二、文档编辑

col	colrm	comm	csplit
ed	egrep	ex	fgrep
fmt	fold	grep	ispell
jed	joe	join	look
mtype	pico	rgrep	sed
sort	spell	tr	expr
uniq	wc	let

 三、文件传输

lprm	lpr	lpq	lpd
bye	ftp	uuto	uupick
uucp	uucico	tftp	ncftp
ftpshut	ftpwho	ftpcount

四、磁盘管理 

cd	df	dirs	du
edquota	eject	mcd	mdeltree
mdu	mkdir	mlabel	mmd
mrd	mzip	pwd	quota
mount	mmount	rmdir	rmt
stat	tree	umount	ls
quotacheck	quotaoff	lndir	repquota
quotaon

五、磁盘维护 

badblocks	cfdisk	dd	e2fsck
ext2ed	fsck	fsck.minix	fsconf
fdformat	hdparm	mformat	mkbootdisk
mkdosfs	mke2fs	mkfs.ext2	mkfs.msdos
mkinitrd	mkisofs	mkswap	mpartition
swapon	symlinks	sync	mbadblocks
mkfs.minix	fsck.ext2	fdisk	losetup
mkfs	sfdisk	swapoff

六、 网络通信

apachectl	arpwatch	dip	getty
mingetty	uux	telnet	uulog
uustat	ppp-off	netconfig	nc
httpd	ifconfig	minicom	mesg
dnsconf	wall	netstat	ping
pppstats	samba	setserial	talk
traceroute	tty	newaliases	uuname
netconf	write	statserial	efax
pppsetup	tcpdump	ytalk	cu
smbd	testparm	smbclient	shapecfg

七.系统管理

adduser	chfn	useradd	date
exit	finger	fwhios	sleep
suspend	groupdel	groupmod	halt
kill	last	lastb	login
logname	logout	ps	nice
procinfo	top	pstree	reboot
rlogin	rsh	sliplogin	screen
shutdown	rwho	sudo	gitps
swatch	tload	logrotate	uname
chsh	userconf	userdel	usermod
vlock	who	whoami	whois
newgrp	renice	su	skill
w	id	groupadd	free

 八、系统设置

reset	clear	alias	dircolors
aumix	bind	chroot	clock
crontab	declare	depmod	dmesg
enable	eval	export	pwunconv
grpconv	rpm	insmod	kbdconfig
lilo	liloconfig	lsmod	minfo
set	modprobe	ntsysv	mouseconfig
passwd	pwconv	rdate	resize
rmmod	grpunconv	modinfo	time
setup	sndconfig	setenv	setconsole
timeconfig	ulimit	unset	chkconfig
apmd	hwclock	mkkickstart	fbset
unalias	SVGATextMode	gpasswd

 九、备份压缩

ar	bunzip2	bzip2	bzip2recover
gunzip	unarj	compress	cpio
dump	uuencode	gzexe	gzip
lha	restore	tar	uudecode
unzip	zip	zipinfo

十、设备管理 

setleds	loadkeys	rdev	dumpkeys
MAKEDEV	poweroff

 十一、其他命令

• Linux bc 命令

• Linux tail 命令

• Linux head 命令

• Linux xargs 命令

• Linux ip 命令

• Linux nohup 命令

• Linux killall 命令

• Linux pkill 命令

十二、Linux命令大全全拼

• pwd: print work directory 打印当前目录 显示出当前工作目录的绝对路径

• ps: process status(进程状态，类似于windows的任务管理器)

  常用参数：－auxf

  ps -auxf 显示进程状态

• df: disk free 其功能是显示磁盘可用空间数目信息及空间结点信息。换句话说，就是报告在任何安装的设备或目录中，还剩多少自由的空间。
• du: Disk usage
• rpm：即RedHat Package Management，是RedHat的发明之一
• rmdir：Remove Directory（删除目录）
• rm：Remove（删除目录或文件）
• cat: concatenate 连锁
• cat file1file2>>file3 把文件1和文件2的内容联合起来放到file3中
• insmod: install module,载入模块
• ln -s : link -soft 创建一个软链接，相当于创建一个快捷方式
• mkdir：Make Directory(创建目录)
• touch: touch
• man: Manual
• su：Swith user(切换用户)
• cd：Change directory
• ls：List files
• ps：Process Status
• mkdir：Make directory
• rmdir：Remove directory
• mkfs: Make file system
• fsck：File system check
• uname: Unix name
• lsmod: List modules
• mv: Move file
• rm: Remove file
• cp: Copy file
• ln: Link files
• fg: Foreground
• bg: Background
• chown: Change owner
• chgrp: Change group
• chmod: Change mode
• umount: Unmount
• dd: 本来应根据其功能描述"Convert an copy"命名为"cc"，但"cc"已经被用以代表"CComplier"，所以命名为"dd"
• tar：Tape archive （磁带档案）
• ldd：List dynamic dependencies
• insmod：Install module
• rmmod：Remove module
• lsmod：List module
• 文件结尾的"rc"（如.bashrc、.xinitrc等）：Resource configuration
• Knnxxx /Snnxxx（位于rcx.d目录下）：K（Kill）；S(Service)；nn（执行顺序号）；xxx（服务标识）
• .a（扩展名a）：Archive，static library
• .so（扩展名so）：Shared object，dynamically linked library
• .o（扩展名o）：Object file，complied result of C/C++ source file
• RPM：Red hat package manager
• dpkg：Debian package manager
• apt：Advanced package tool（Debian或基于Debian的发行版中提供）

bin = Binaries (二进制文件)

/dev = Devices (设备)

/etc = Etcetera (等等)

/lib = LIBrary

/proc = Processes

/sbin = Superuser Binaries (超级用户的二进制文件)

/tmp = Temporary (临时)

/usr = Unix Shared Resources

/var = Variable (变量)

FIFO = First In, First Out

GRUB = GRand Unified Bootloader

IFS= Internal Field Seperators

LILO = LInux LOader

MySQL = My 是最初作者女儿的名字，

SQL = Structured QueryLanguage

PHP = Personal Home Page Tools = PHP HypertextPreprocessor

PS = Prompt String

Perl = “Pratical Extraction and Report Language”(实际的抽取和报告语言) =”Pathologically Eclectic Rubbish Lister”

Python 得名于电视剧Monty Python’s Flying Circus

Tcl = Tool Command Language

Tk = ToolKit

VT = Video Terminal

YaST = Yet Another Setup Tool

apache = “a patchy” server

apt = Advanced Packaging Tool

ar = archiver

as = assembler

awk = “Aho Weiberger and Kernighan”三个作者的姓的第一个字母

bash = Bourne Again SHell

bc = Basic (Better) Calculator

bg = BackGround

biff = 作者HeidiStettner在U.C.Berkely养的一条狗,喜欢对邮递员汪汪叫。

cal = Calendar (日历)

cat = Catenate (链接)

cd = Change Directory

chgrp = Change Group

chmod = Change Mode

chown = Change Owner

chsh = Change Shell

cmp = compare

cobra = Common Object Request BrokerArchitecture

comm = common

cp = Copy

cpio = CoPy In and Out

cpp = C Pre Processor

cron = Chronos 希腊文时间

cups = Common Unix Printing System

cvs = Current Version System

daemon = Disk And Execution MONitor

dc = Desk Calculator

dd = Disk Dump (磁盘转储)

df = Disk Free

diff = Difference

dmesg = diagnostic message

du = Disk Usage

ed = editor

egrep = Extended GREP

elf = Extensible Linking Format

elm = ELectronic Mail

emacs = Editor MACroS

eval = EVALuate

ex = EXtended

exec = EXECute (执行)

fd = file descriptors

fg = ForeGround

fgrep = Fixed GREP

fmt = format

fsck = File System ChecK

fstab = FileSystem TABle

fvwm = F*** Virtual Window Manager

gawk = GNU AWK

gpg = GNU Privacy Guard

groff = GNU troff

hal = Hardware Abstraction Layer

joe = Joe’s Own Editor

ksh = Korn SHell

lame = Lame Ain’t an MP3 Encoder

lex = LEXical analyser

lisp = LISt Processing = Lots of IrritatingSuperfluous Parentheses

ln = Link

lpr = Line PRint

ls = list

lsof = LiSt Open Files

m4 = Macro processor Version 4

man = MANual pages

mawk = Mike Brennan’s AWK

mc = Midnight Commander

mkfs = MaKe FileSystem

mknod = Make Node

motd = Message of The Day

mozilla = MOsaic GodZILLa

mtab = Mount TABle

mv = Move

nano = Nano’s ANOther editor

nawk = New AWK

nl = Number of Lines

nm = names

nohup = No HangUP

nroff = New ROFF

od = Octal Dump

passwd = Passwd

pg = pager

pico = PIne’s message COmposition editor

pine = “Program for Internet News &Email” = “Pine is not Elm”

ping = 拟声 又 = Packet Internet Grouper

pirntcap = PRINTer CAPability

popd = POP Directory

pr = pre

printf = Print Formatted

ps = Processes Status

pty = pseudo tty

pushd = PUSH Directory

pwd = Print Working Directory

rc = runcom = run command, rc还是plan9的shell

rev = REVerse

rm = ReMove

rn = Read News

roff = RunOFF

rpm = RPM Package Manager = RedHat PackageManager

rsh, rlogin, rvim中的

r = Remote

rxvt = ouR XVT

seamoneky = 我

sed = Stream Editor

seq = SEQuence

shar = Shell ARchive

slrn = S-Lang rn

ssh = Secure Shell

ssl = Secure Sockets Layer

stty = Set TTY

su = Substitute User

svn = SubVersion

tar = Tape ARchive

tcsh = TENEX C shell

tee = T (T形水管接口)

telnet = TEminaL over Network

termcap = terminal capability

terminfo = terminal information

tex = τέχνη的缩写，希腊文art

tr = traslate

troff = Typesetter new ROFF

tsort = Topological SORT

tty = TeleTypewriter

twm = Tom’s Window Manager

tz = TimeZone

udev = Userspace DEV

ulimit = User’s LIMIT

umask = User’s MASK

uniq = UNIQue

i = VIsual = Very Inconvenient

vim = Vi IMproved

wall = write all

wc = Word Count

wine = WINE Is Not an Emulator

xargs = eXtended ARGuments

xdm = X Display Manager

xlfd = X Logical Font Description

xmms = X Multimedia System

xrdb = X Resources DataBase

xwd = X Window Dump

yacc = yet another compiler compiler

Fish = the Friendly Interactive SHell

su = Switch User

MIME = Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions

ECMA = European Computer ManufacturersAssociation

十三、Linux学习网站

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