CCF二十四点

思路:
该题运算符有优先级
堆栈 先转为后缀表达式

注意:
1、程序没有编译或编译不成功,运行的结果只能是上一次成功编译程序的结果(重启软件)
2、c语言没有string和bool类型,要通过引用头文件等方式,间接使用
3、由于可以无限读取,所以在2011年12月,ANSI 采纳了 ISO/IEC 9899:2011 标准,标准中删除了 gets()函数,使用一个新的更安全的函数gets_s()替代(具体用法看下面示例)。
具体用法:

#include <stdio.h>    //这个头文件包含gets()函数,这个函数在ISO/IEC 9899 2011(C11)标准中被移除
int main(void)
{
    char str1[5];  //不要char*p,然后gets(p),这是错误的,因为p没有指向有效的内存,它可能指向任何非法地址                   //     地方的未知大小的内存块,这样以来,就可能修改了不属于本程序的内存的内容
    gets(str1);
    printf("%s\n", str1);
    return 0;
}
 
#include <stdio.h>//gets_s()用法
#define CH 20
int main(void)
{
    char ch[CH];
    printf("请输入你的名字:\n");
    //gets_s用法:gets_s(buffer,size);
    //推荐用字符数组长度-1作为size(留空'\0')
    gets_s(ch,CH-1);
    printf("这是你的名字:%s\n", ch);
    return 0;
}

4、有些OJ编译器gets_s()也不能用,应使用fgets()或getline()
https://blog.csdn.net/CrazyOnes/article/details/81562139

char * fgets ( char * str, int num, FILE * stream );

5、输入时要用英文括号,中文括号占两个字符位

中缀表达式转后缀表达式:

#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<string.h>

#define maxsize 20

typedef struct st2 {
	int top;
	char str[maxsize];
}CharStackSize, *CharStack;

//初始化
void init(CharStack cstack)
{
	cstack->top = -1;
	return;
}

//判空


int CharisEmpty(CharStack cstack)
{
	if (cstack->top == -1) {
		return 1;
	}
	return 0;
}

//判满

int CharisFull(CharStack cstack)
{
	if (cstack->top == maxsize - 1) {
		return 1;
	}
	return 0;
}
//出栈

int CharPop(CharStack cstack, char * ch)
{
	if (CharisEmpty(cstack)) {
		return 0;
	}
	*ch = cstack->str[cstack->top--];
	return 1;
}
//进栈

int CharPush(CharStack cstack, char ch)
{
	if (CharisFull(cstack)) {
		return 0;
	}
	cstack->str[++cstack->top] = ch;
	return 1;
}

int choose(char ch)
{
	if (ch == '+' || ch == '-') {
		return 1;
	}
	else if (ch == '*' || ch == '/') {
		return 2;
	}
	else if(ch  == ')'){
		return 3;
	}
	else if (ch == '(') {
		return 0;
	}
	else {
		return 0;
	}
}

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    int i;
	CharStack cstack = (CharStack)malloc(sizeof(CharStack));
	init(cstack);

	char biaodashi[50];
	scanf("%s",biaodashi);
    printf("原表达式:%s\n 长度:%d\n",biaodashi,strlen(biaodashi));
	for (i = 0; i < strlen(biaodashi); i++) {
		if ('0' <= biaodashi[i] && biaodashi[i] <= '9') {
			printf("%c", biaodashi[i]);
		}
		//处理括号
		else if(biaodashi[i] == '(' ) {
			CharPush(cstack, biaodashi[i]);
		}
		else if (biaodashi[i] == ')') {
			CharPush(cstack, biaodashi[i]);
			while (cstack->top != -1) {
				char ch;
				CharPop(cstack, &ch);
				if(ch != '(' && ch != ')')
					printf("%c", ch);
				if (ch == '(') {
					break;
				}
			}
		}
		else {
			if (choose(biaodashi[i]) <= choose(cstack->str[cstack->top])) {
				while (cstack->top != -1) {
					char ch;
					CharPop(cstack, &ch);
					if (ch != '(' && ch != ')')
						printf("%c", ch);
					if (ch == '(') {
						break;
					}
					//9+(3-1)*3+6/2
				}
				CharPush(cstack, biaodashi[i]);
				//printf("%c", biaodashi[i]);
			}
			else {
				CharPush(cstack, biaodashi[i]);
			}
		}
	}
	while (cstack->top != -1) {
		char ch;
		CharPop(cstack, &ch);
		printf("%c", ch);
	}
	return 0;
}

中缀转后缀+由后缀表达式计算

#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<string.h>

#define maxsize 20

typedef struct st2 {
	int top;
	char str[maxsize];
}CharStackSize, *CharStack;

//初始化
void init(CharStack cstack)
{
	cstack->top = -1;
	return;
}

//判空


int CharisEmpty(CharStack cstack)
{
	if (cstack->top == -1) {
		return 1;
	}
	return 0;
}

//判满

int CharisFull(CharStack cstack)
{
	if (cstack->top == maxsize - 1) {
		return 1;
	}
	return 0;
}
//出栈

int CharPop(CharStack cstack, char * ch)
{
	if (CharisEmpty(cstack)) {
		return 0;
	}
	*ch = cstack->str[cstack->top--];
	return 1;
}
//进栈

int CharPush(CharStack cstack, char ch)
{
	if (CharisFull(cstack)) {
		return 0;
	}
	cstack->str[++cstack->top] = ch;
	return 1;
}

int choose(char ch)
{
	if (ch == '+' || ch == '-') {
		return 1;
	}
	else if (ch == '*' || ch == '/') {
		return 2;
	}
	else if(ch  == ')'){
		return 3;
	}
	else if (ch == '(') {
		return 0;
	}
	else {
		return 0;
	}
}

//用后缀表达式计算
void calculate(CharStack cstack)
{
    int i,sum=0,tag=0;
    char left,right;
    CharStack temp=(CharStack)malloc(sizeof(CharStack));
    init(temp);

    for(i=0;i<strlen(cstack->str);i++)
    {
        //printf("jin\n");
        if(cstack->str[i]<='9'&&cstack->str[i]>='0'){
            CharPush(temp,cstack->str[i]);
            //printf("jin1\n");
        }
        else
        {
            //printf("jin2\n");
            CharPop(temp, &right);
            CharPop(temp, &left);
            switch(cstack->str[i])
            {

                case '+':
                    if(tag==0){
                        sum=(int)left-'0'+((int)right-'0');
                        tag=1;
                    }
                    else
                        sum=(int)left+((int)right-'0');
                    CharPush(temp,sum);
                    printf("sum=%d\njin3\n",sum);
                    break;
                case '-':
                    if(tag==0){
                        sum=(int)left-'0'-((int)right-'0');
                        tag=1;
                    }
                    else
                        sum=(int)left-((int)right-'0');
                    CharPush(temp,sum);
                    break;
                case '*':
                    if(tag==0){
                        sum=((int)left-'0')*((int)right-'0');
                        tag=1;
                    }
                    else
                        sum=((int)left)*((int)right-'0');
                    CharPush(temp,sum);
                    break;
                case '/':
                    if(tag==0){
                        sum=((int)left-'0')/((int)right-'0');
                        tag=1;
                    }
                    else
                        sum=((int)left)/((int)right-'0');
                    CharPush(temp,sum);
                    break;
            }
        }
    }
    printf("%d",sum);
}

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    int i;
	CharStack cstack = (CharStack)malloc(sizeof(CharStack));
	//开辟一个新空间存储后缀表达式
	CharStack cstack2 = (CharStack)malloc(sizeof(CharStack));
	init(cstack);
    init(cstack2);
	char biaodashi[50];
	scanf("%s",biaodashi);
    printf("原表达式:%s\n 长度:%d\n",biaodashi,strlen(biaodashi));
	for (i = 0; i < strlen(biaodashi); i++) {
		if ('0' <= biaodashi[i] && biaodashi[i] <= '9') {
			printf("%c", biaodashi[i]);
			CharPush(cstack2,biaodashi[i]);
		}
		//处理括号
		else if(biaodashi[i] == '(' ) {
			CharPush(cstack, biaodashi[i]);
		}
		else if (biaodashi[i] == ')') {
			CharPush(cstack, biaodashi[i]);
			while (cstack->top != -1) {
				char ch;
				CharPop(cstack, &ch);
				if(ch != '(' && ch != ')'){
					printf("%c", ch);
					CharPush(cstack2,ch);
				}
				if (ch == '(') {
					break;
				}
			}
		}
		else {
			if (choose(biaodashi[i]) <= choose(cstack->str[cstack->top])) {
				while (cstack->top != -1) {
					char ch;
					CharPop(cstack, &ch);
					if (ch != '(' && ch != ')'){
						printf("%c", ch);
						CharPush(cstack2,ch);
					}
					if (ch == '(') {
						break;
					}
					//9+(3-1)*3+6/2
				}
				CharPush(cstack, biaodashi[i]);
				//printf("%c", biaodashi[i]);
			}
			else {
				CharPush(cstack, biaodashi[i]);
			}
		}
	}
	//将堆栈中剩余的元素弹出并打印
	while (cstack->top != -1) {
		char ch;
		CharPop(cstack, &ch);
		printf("%c", ch);
		CharPush(cstack2,ch);
	}
	printf("\n%s\n目前cstack2的长度是:%d\n",cstack2->str,strlen(cstack2->str));
	calculate(cstack2);
	return 0;
}

参考后的满分代码

#include <iostream>
#include <stack>
#include <string.h>
using namespace std;
stack<int> num;
stack<char> sign;
int main()
{
    int i,j=0,n,a,sum,left,right;
    
    cin>>n;
    for(i=0;i<n;i++)
    {
    	char str[7];
    	j=0;
        //将两个堆栈置空
        while(!sign.empty())
            sign.pop();
        while(!num.empty())
            num.pop();
        cin>>str;
        while(j<7)
        {
            if(str[j]>='1'&&str[j]<='9')
            {
                num.push(str[j]-'0');
                //cout<<num.top()<<" jin0 "<<j<<endl;
            }
            else
            {
                if(str[j]=='+')
                {
                    sign.push('+');
                    num.push(str[j+1]-'0');
                    ++j;
                    //cout<<num.top()<<" jin1 "<<j<<endl;
                }
                else if(str[j]=='-')
                {
                    sign.push('+');
                    a=(str[j+1]-'0')*(-1);
                    num.push(a);
                    ++j;
                    //cout<<num.top()<<" jin2 "<<j<<endl;
                }
                else if(str[j]=='x')
                {
                    a=num.top();
                    num.pop();
                    sum=a*(str[j+1]-'0');
                    num.push(sum);
                    j++;
                    //cout<<num.top()<<" jin2 "<<j<<endl;
                }
                else if(str[j]=='/')
                {
                    a=num.top();
                    num.pop();
                    sum=a/(str[j+1]-'0');
                    num.push(sum);
                    j++;
                    //cout<<num.top()<<" jin3 "<<j<<endl;
                }
            }
            ++j;
        }
        while(!sign.empty())
        {
            left=num.top();
            num.pop();
            right=num.top();
            num.pop();
            num.push(left+right);
            sign.pop();
        }
        //cout<<num.top();
        if(num.top()==24) cout<<"Yes"<<endl;
        else cout<<"No"<<endl;
    }
    return 0;
}
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