练习2.1
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
bool fibon_elem(int pos, int &elem)
{
if (pos<0 || pos>1024)
{
elem = 0;
return false;
}
elem = 1;
int n_2 = 1, n_1 = 1;
for (int i = 3; i <= pos; ++i)
{
elem = n_2 + n_1;
n_1 = n_2; n_2 = elem;
}
return true;
}
bool fibon_sequence(int pos)
{
if (pos <= 0 || pos > 1024)
{
cout << "invalid position: " << pos << "-- cannot handle request!" << endl;
return false;
}
cout << "The Fibonacci sequence for " << pos << " position:" << endl;
if (pos == 1)
{
cout << "1"<<endl; return true;
}
else
if (pos == 2)
{
cout << "1" << " 1" << endl; return true;
}
else
{
int elem;
int n_2 = 1, n_1 = 1;
cout << "1" << " 1" << " ";
for (int i = 3; i <= pos; ++i)
{
elem = n_2 + n_1;
n_1 = n_2; n_2 = elem;
cout << elem << ' ';
}
cout << endl;
return true;
}
}
int main()
{
while (true){ //用无限循环,告诉用户当输入0时,退出。
int pos;
cout << "please enter a position:";
cin >> pos;
if (pos == 0)
{
cout << "thank you~goodbye" << endl;
break;
}
int elem;
if (fibon_elem(pos, elem))
cout << "element " << pos << " is " << elem << endl;
else
cout << "sorry,could not calculate element " << pos << endl;
fibon_sequence(pos);
cout << "if you want stop, just enter 0"<<endl;
}
system("pause");
}
练习2.2
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
void pentagonal(const int num,vector<int>&vec)
{
if (num <= 0 || num > 1024)
{
cout << "Oops:requested num is not supported" << endl;
return;
}
for (int i = 1; i <= num; ++i)
{
int sum = (i*(3 * i - 1)) / 2;
vec.push_back(sum);
}
}
void print(vector<int>&vec, const string &str)
{
cout << "The Pentagonal sequence is: ";
for (int i = 0; i < vec.size(); ++i)
{
cout << vec[i] << ' ';
}
cout << "The type of vector is: " << str << endl;
}
int main()
{
int number;
vector<int>vec;
string str = "int";
cout << "Please enter a number: ";
cin >> number;
pentagonal(number,vec);
if (number<=1024 && number>0) //如果输入的数不合理,就不让第二个打印函数输出任何内容了
print(vec, str);
system("pause");
return 0;
}
练习2.3
将pentagonal拆成两个,在检查函数前加inline就是内联函数咯。
inline bool CheckNum(const int num)
{
if (num <= 0 || num > 1024)
{
cout << "Oops:requested num is not supported" << endl;
return false;
}
return true;
}
void pentagonal(const int num,vector<int>&vec)
{
if (!CheckNum)
{
return;
}
for (int i = 1; i <= num; ++i)
{
int sum = (i*(3 * i - 1)) / 2;
vec.push_back(sum);
}
}
练习2.4
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
const vector<int>* //这步操作很关键。返回类型为const指针。
pentagonal(int num)
{
static vector<int> vec1;
if (num <= 0 || num > 1024)
{
cout << "Oops:requested num is not supported" << endl;
return 0 ;
}
for (int i = 1; i <= num; ++i)
{
int sum = (i*(3 * i - 1)) / 2;
vec1.push_back(sum);
}
return &vec1;
}
void BackNum(int num)
{
const vector<int> *vec = pentagonal(num); //将pentagonal函数返回的值赋予*vec 即 *vec=&vec1
cout << "The value of this number in Pentagonal sequence is: ";
cout << (*vec)[num-1] << endl; //记得此时vec是指针,需要用 (*vec)。
}
int main()
{
int number;
cout << "Please enter a number: ";
cin >> number;
pentagonal(number);
if (number<=1024 && number>0)
BackNum(number);
system("pause");
return 0;
}
练习2.5
就是明白overload函数的定义方式就行了
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
void max(int, int)
{}
void max(float, float)
{}
void max(string &, string&)
{}
int main()
{
int num1, num2;
float num3, num4;
string str1, str2;
cin >> num1 >> num2 >> num3 >> num4 >> str1 >> str2;
max(num1, num2);
max(num3, num4);
max(str1, str2);
system("pause");
}