Servlet生命周期共分为五个阶段：
1.加载阶段
Servlet容器通过类加载器加载Servlet文件
2.创建阶段
通过构造方法创建Servlet对象，在Tomcat中，Servlet是单实例的。
3.初始化阶段。
用init()方法初始化，只调用一次。
4.响应客户请求阶段。
通过service方法响应客户请求，可以响应多次
5.销毁阶段。
停止服务器或者重新部署web应用时，用destroy方法销毁，释放占用的资源。
尝试了一下：
public class LifeServlet extends HttpServlet {
public LifeServlet() {
System.out.println("LifeServlet.LifeServlet");
}
@Override
public void init() throws ServletException {
super.init();
System.out.println("LifeServlet.init");
}
@Override
protected void service(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
System.out.println("LifeServlet.service");
}
@Override
public void destroy() {
super.destroy();
System.out.println("LifeServlet.destroy");
}
}
Servlet生命周期总结：
1.request请求
2.创建Servlet实例对象
3.调用servlet中init方法
4.调用service方法（多次）
5.response响应
6.调用destroy方法终止servlet。
##############################################
分页操作
在工具包中新增一个类PageInfo
public class PageInfo<T> {
// 当前页数据集合
private ArrayList<T> list;
// 当前是第几页
private Integer pageNo;
// 一共多少页
private Integer totalPage;
// 一页多少数据
private Integer pageSize;
public PageInfo() {
}
public PageInfo(ArrayList<T> list, Integer pageNo, Integer totalPage, Integer pageSize) {
this.list = list;
this.pageNo = pageNo;
this.totalPage = totalPage;
this.pageSize = pageSize;
}
public ArrayList<T> getList() {
return list;
}
public void setList(ArrayList<T> list) {
this.list = list;
}
public Integer getPageNo() {
return pageNo;
}
public void setPageNo(Integer pageNo) {
this.pageNo = pageNo;
}
public Integer getTotalPage() {
return totalPage;
}
public void setTotalPage(Integer totalPage) {
this.totalPage = totalPage;
}
public Integer getPageSize() {
return pageSize;
}
public void setPageSize(Integer pageSize) {
this.pageSize = pageSize;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "PageInfo{" +
"list=" + list +
", pageNo=" + pageNo +
", totalPage=" + totalPage +
", pageSize=" + pageSize +
'}';
}
}
改成分页之后，不再需要把数据一次性全部展示，所以在StudentServlet类中放弃selectAll方法，增加了新的方法。
原理——分页需要的数据包括每一页的大小pageSize，本页是第几页pageNo，本页开头是从第几个数据开始offset，一共多少数据totalCount，一共多少页totalPage，每页的数据list。所以需要两个方法分别用来计算totalCount和list，通过计算得到offset和totalPage，再将得到的数据汇总，存到PageInfo里，最后转发到jsp页面进行处理。
@WebServlet("/student")
public class StudentServlet extends HttpServlet {
@Override
protected void service(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
// 设置utf-8编码类型
req.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
resp.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
String method = req.getParameter("method");
if (method == null || method.equals("")) {
method = "selectByPage";
}
switch (method) {
case "selectAll":
selectAll(req, resp);
break;
case "deleteById":
deleteById(req, resp);
break;
case "insert":
insert(req, resp);
break;
case "selectById":
selectById(req, resp);
break;
case "update":
update(req,resp);
break;
case "selectByPage":
selectByPage(req, resp);
break;
}
}
private void selectByPage(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
String pageSizeStr = req.getParameter("pageSize");
String pageNoStr = req.getParameter("pageNo");
if (pageSizeStr == null || pageSizeStr.equals("")) {
pageSizeStr = "5";
}
if (pageNoStr == null || pageNoStr.equals("")) {
pageNoStr = "1";
}
int pageNo = Integer.parseInt(pageNoStr);
int pageSize = Integer.parseInt(pageSizeStr);
// 当前页开始序号
int offset = (pageNo - 1) * pageSize;
// 获得当前页数据集合
ArrayList<Student> list = getCurrentPageList(offset, pageSize);
// 获得数据条总数
int totalCount = getTotalCount();
int totalPage = (int)Math.ceil((double)totalCount/pageSize);
PageInfo pageInfo = new PageInfo(list,pageNo,totalPage,pageSize);
// 转发
req.setAttribute("pageInfo", pageInfo);
req.getRequestDispatcher("/student.jsp").forward(req,resp);
}
private int getTotalCount() {
Connection connection = null;
PreparedStatement statement = null;
ResultSet resultSet = null;
int count = 0;
try {
connection = JDBCUtil.getConnection();
String sql = "select count(*) from student";
statement = connection.prepareStatement(sql);
resultSet = statement.executeQuery();
if (resultSet.next()) {
count = resultSet.getInt(1);
}
} catch (SQLException throwables) {
throwables.printStackTrace();
} finally {
JDBCUtil.close(connection, statement, resultSet);
}
return count;
}
private ArrayList<Student> getCurrentPageList(int offset, int pageSize) {
Connection connection = null;
PreparedStatement statement = null;
ResultSet resultSet = null;
ArrayList<Student> list = new ArrayList<>();
try {
connection = JDBCUtil.getConnection();
String sql = "select id, name, age, gender from student limit ?, ?";
statement = connection.prepareStatement(sql);
statement.setInt(1,offset);
statement.setInt(2,pageSize);
System.out.println(statement);
resultSet = statement.executeQuery();
while (resultSet.next()) {
int id = resultSet.getInt("id");
String name = resultSet.getString("name");
int age = resultSet.getInt("age");
String gender = resultSet.getString("gender");
Student student = new Student(id, name, age, gender);
list.add(student);
}
} catch (SQLException throwables) {
throwables.printStackTrace();
} finally {
JDBCUtil.close(connection, statement, resultSet);
}
return list;
}
private void update(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws IOException {
System.out.println("StudentServlet.update");
String id = req.getParameter("id");
String name = req.getParameter("name");
String age = req.getParameter("age");
String gender = req.getParameter("gender");
Connection connection = null;
PreparedStatement statement = null;
try {
connection = JDBCUtil.getConnection();
String sql = "update student set name = ?, age = ?, gender = ? where id = ?";
statement = connection.prepareStatement(sql);
statement.setString(1,name);
statement.setInt(2, Integer.parseInt(age));
statement.setString(3, gender);
statement.setInt(4, Integer.parseInt(id));
System.out.println(statement);
int count = statement.executeUpdate();
System.out.println("count:" + count);
} catch (SQLException throwables) {
throwables.printStackTrace();
} finally {
JDBCUtil.close(connection, statement, null);
}
// 删除之后，展示
// 重定向:让浏览器发送这个请求。/JavaWeb
resp.sendRedirect(req.getContextPath() + "/student?method=selectByPage&pageNo=" + req.getParameter("pageNo"));
}
private void selectById(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws IOException, ServletException {
System.out.println("StudentServlet.selectById");
int id = Integer.parseInt(req.getParameter("id"));
Connection connection = null;
PreparedStatement statement = null;
ResultSet resultSet = null;
Student student = new Student();
try {
connection = JDBCUtil.getConnection();
String sql = "select name,age,gender from student where id = " + id;
statement = connection.prepareStatement(sql);
System.out.println(statement);
resultSet = statement.executeQuery();
if (resultSet.next()) {
String name = resultSet.getString("name");
int age = resultSet.getInt("age");
String gender = resultSet.getString("gender");
student.setId(id);
student.setName(name);
student.setAge(age);
student.setGender(gender);
}
} catch (SQLException throwables) {
throwables.printStackTrace();
} finally {
JDBCUtil.close(connection, statement, resultSet);
}
req.setAttribute("pageNo", req.getParameter("pageNo"));
req.setAttribute("student", student);
req.getRequestDispatcher("/student_update.jsp").forward(req,resp);
}
private void insert(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws IOException {
System.out.println("StudentServlet.insert");
String id = req.getParameter("id");
String name = req.getParameter("name");
String age = req.getParameter("age");
String gender = req.getParameter("gender");
Connection connection = null;
PreparedStatement statement = null;
try {
connection = JDBCUtil.getConnection();
if (id == "" || id == null) {
String sql = "insert into student(name, age, gender) values(?,?,?)";
statement = connection.prepareStatement(sql);
statement.setString(1, name);
statement.setInt(2, Integer.parseInt(age));
statement.setString(3, gender);
System.out.println(statement);
int count = statement.executeUpdate();
System.out.println("count:" + count);
} else {
String sql = "insert into student(id, name, age, gender) values(?,?,?,?)";
statement = connection.prepareStatement(sql);
statement.setInt(1, Integer.parseInt(id));
statement.setString(2, name);
statement.setInt(3, Integer.parseInt(age));
statement.setString(4, gender);
System.out.println(statement);
int count = statement.executeUpdate();
System.out.println("count:" + count);
}
} catch (SQLException throwables) {
throwables.printStackTrace();
} finally {
JDBCUtil.close(connection, statement, null);
}
// 删除之后，展示
// 重定向:让浏览器发送这个请求。/JavaWeb
resp.sendRedirect(req.getContextPath() + "/student?method=selectByPage");
}
private void deleteById(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws IOException {
System.out.println("StudentServlet.deleteById");
String id = req.getParameter("id");
Connection connection = null;
PreparedStatement statement = null;
try {
connection = JDBCUtil.getConnection();
String sql = "delete from student where id = ?";
statement = connection.prepareStatement(sql);
statement.setInt(1, Integer.parseInt(id));
System.out.println(statement);
int count = statement.executeUpdate();
System.out.println("count:" + count);
} catch (SQLException throwables) {
throwables.printStackTrace();
} finally {
JDBCUtil.close(connection, statement, null);
}
// 删除之后，展示
// 重定向:让浏览器发送这个请求。/JavaWeb
resp.sendRedirect(req.getContextPath() + "/student?method=selectPageNo");
}
private void selectAll(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
System.out.println("StudentServlet.selectAll");
Connection connection = null;
PreparedStatement statement = null;
ResultSet resultSet = null;
ArrayList<Student> list = new ArrayList<>();
try {
connection = JDBCUtil.getConnection();
String sql = "select id, name, age, gender from student";
statement = connection.prepareStatement(sql);
resultSet = statement.executeQuery();
while (resultSet.next()) {
int id = resultSet.getInt("id");
String name = resultSet.getString("name");
int age = resultSet.getInt("age");
String gender = resultSet.getString("gender");
Student student = new Student(id, name, age, gender);
list.add(student);
}
/*for (Student student : list) {
System.out.println(student);
}*/
} catch (SQLException throwables) {
throwables.printStackTrace();
} finally {
JDBCUtil.close(connection, statement, resultSet);
}
// 转发
req.setAttribute("list", list);
req.getRequestDispatcher("/student.jsp").forward(req, resp);
}
}
student.jsp
<%--
Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
User: lenovo
Date: 2021/8/10
Time: 16:38
To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>Title</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="<%= request.getContextPath()%>/static/bootstrap-3.4.1-dist/css/bootstrap.css"/>
</head>
<body>
<a class="btn btn-primary" href="<%= request.getContextPath()%>/student_insert.jsp">添加</a>
<table border="1" cellspacing="0" class="table table-striped table-bordered table-hover">
<tr>
<td>ID</td>
<td>名字</td>
<td>年龄</td>
<td>性别</td>
<td>删除/修改</td>
</tr>
<%
// 测试
PageInfo<Student> pageInfo = (PageInfo<Student>)request.getAttribute("pageInfo");
for (Student student : pageInfo.getList()) {
%>
<tr>
<td><%= student.getId()%></td>
<td><%= student.getName()%></td>
<td><%= student.getAge()%></td>
<td><%= student.getGender()%></td>
<td>
<a class="btn btn-danger btn-sm" onclick="deleteById(<%= student.getId()%>)">删除</a>
<a class="btn btn-warning btn-sm" href="<%= request.getContextPath()%>/student?method=selectById&id=<%= student.getId()%>&pageNo=<%=pageInfo.getPageNo()%>">修改</a>
</td>
</tr>
<%
}
%>
</table>
<nav aria-label="Page navigation">
<ul class="pagination">
<%
if(pageInfo.getPageNo()>1) {
%>
<li>
<a href="<%=request.getContextPath()%>/student?method=selectByPage&pageNo=<%=pageInfo.getPageNo()-1%>" aria-label="Previous">
<span aria-hidden="true">«</span>
</a>
</li>
<%
} else {
%>
<li class="disabled">
<a href="" aria-label="Previous">
<span aria-hidden="true">«</span>
</a>
</li>
<%
}
for (int i = 1; i <= pageInfo.getTotalPage(); i++) {
if (i == pageInfo.getPageNo()) {
%>
<li class="active">
<a href="<%=request.getContextPath()%>/student?method=selectByPage&pageNo=<%=i%>"><%=i%></a>
</li>
<%
} else {
%>
<li>
<a href="<%=request.getContextPath()%>/student?method=selectByPage&pageNo=<%=i%>"><%=i%></a>
</li>
<%
}
}
if (pageInfo.getPageNo() < pageInfo.getTotalPage()) {
%>
<li>
<a href="<%=request.getContextPath()%>/student?method=selectByPage&pageNo=<%=pageInfo.getPageNo()+1%>" aria-label="Next">
<span aria-hidden="true">»</span>
</a>
</li>
<%
} else {
%>
<li class="disabled">
<a href="" aria-label="Next">
<span aria-hidden="true">»</span>
</a>
</li>
<%
}
%>
</ul>
</nav>
<script type="text/javascript">
function deleteById(id) {
var isDelete = confirm("您确认要删除吗？");
if (isDelete) {
location.href = '<%= request.getContextPath()%>/student?method=deleteById&id='+id;
}
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
link里链接的是bootstrap，在一些class里添加了样式。
扫一扫
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