说实话,第一遍看这个概念并没有看懂,第二遍硬磕了一下,发现原来不理解的原因是**if()和while()方法给忽视了**
- if(){…},如果说程序在判断完满足if条件之后,那么就会进入大括号里面,即使在里面等待一段时间之后,我们也是会直接出来
- while(){…}如果说满足了条件,那么就会进入大括号里面,在里面呆了一段时间,要想出来那得先去while判断一下,如果满足,还是不能出来。
即if进去要口令,出来不要口令
while进去和出来都要口令
那么我们来看具体的代码:如果线程1在执行do wait方法获得锁之后进入等待状态,即myMonitorObject.wait();那么如果另一个线程2执行donotify方法去唤醒线程1被线程3截胡了,那么等线程2去获得锁-》执行操作,使得wasSignalled为false之后,最后如果释放锁被线程1获得到了,如果是if,那么就直接向下执行,这就是假唤醒,有可能使我们程序出现问题,但是如果是while的话,因为它唤醒还要再看一下wasSignalled是否为true,因为是false,所以不会被唤醒。
public class MyWaitNotify3{
MonitorObject myMonitorObject = new MonitorObject();
boolean wasSignalled = false;
public void doWait(){
synchronized(myMonitorObject){
if(!wasSignalled){
try{
myMonitorObject.wait();
} catch(InterruptedException e){...}
}
//clear signal and continue running.
wasSignalled = false;
}
}
public void doNotify(){
synchronized(myMonitorObject){
wasSignalled = true;
myMonitorObject.notify();
}
}
}
来看一则具体的例子,在生产者和消费者模型中
public class Test {
private final Object lock = new Object();
private int product = 0;
//如果没有产品,在lock对象上等待唤醒,如果有产品,消费.
private Runnable consumer = () -> {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " prepare consume");
synchronized (lock) {
if (product <= 0) {//替换为while解决线程虚假唤醒问题
try {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " wait");
lock.wait();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " wakeup");
}
product--;
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " consumed product:" + product);
if (product < 0) {
System.err.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " spurious lock happend, product: " + product);
}
}
};
//生产一个产品然后唤醒一个在lock对象上等待的consumer
private Runnable producer = () -> {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " prepare produce");
synchronized (lock) {
product += 1;
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "produced product: " + product);
lock.notify();
}
};
public void producerAndConsumer() {
// 启动2个consumer,1个producer
Thread c1 = new Thread(consumer);
Thread c2 = new Thread(consumer);
Thread p = new Thread(producer);
c1.start();
c2.start();
p.start();
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
//运行100次,以便触发异常现象
for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
new Test().producerAndConsumer();
}
try {
Thread.sleep(5000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.exit(0);
}
}