Java中synchronized 用在static方法和非static方法上面的区别

在Java中，synchronized是用来表示同步的，我们可以synchronized来修饰一个方法。也可以synchronized来修饰方法里面的一个语句块。那么，在static方法和非static方法前面加synchronized到底有什么不同呢？大家都知道，static的方法属于类方法，它属于这个Class（注意：这里的Class不是指Class的某个具体对象），那么static获取到的锁，是属于类的锁。而非static方法获取到的锁，是属于当前对象的锁。所以，他们之间不会产生互斥。

public class Demo {
    public static synchronized void staticFunction()
            throws InterruptedException {
        for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
            Thread.sleep(1000);
            System.out.println("Static function running..."+i);
        }
    }
 
    public synchronized void function() throws InterruptedException {
        for (int i = 0; i <3; i++) {
            Thread.sleep(1000);
            System.out.println("function running..."+i);
        }
    }
 
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        final Demo demo = new Demo();
        Thread thread1 = new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                try {
                    staticFunction();
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        });
 
        Thread thread2 = new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                try {
                    demo.function();
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        });

        thread1.start();
        thread2.start();

    }
}

执行结果

function running...0
Static function running...0
function running...1
Static function running...1
Static function running...2
function running...2

那当我们想让所有这个类下面的对象都同步的时候，也就是让所有这个类下面的对象共用同一把锁的时候，我们如何办呢？

public class Test {
    public final static Byte[] locks = new Byte[0];

    public static void staticX() throws InterruptedException {
        synchronized (locks) {
            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
                Thread.sleep(1000);
                System.out.println("staticX.......................");
            }
        }
    }

    public void x() throws InterruptedException {
        synchronized (locks) {
            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
                Thread.sleep(1000);
                System.out.println("x.......................");
            }
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        final Test test1 = new Test();
        Thread thread = new Thread(new Runnable() {
            public void run() {
                try {
                    Test.staticX();
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    // TODO Auto-generated catch block  
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }, "a");

        Thread thread1 = new Thread(new Runnable() {
            public void run() {
                try {

                    test1.x();
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    // TODO Auto-generated catch block  
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }, "b");


        thread.start();
        thread1.start();
    }
}  

执行结果

staticX.......................
staticX.......................
staticX.......................
staticX.......................
staticX.......................
staticX.......................
staticX.......................
staticX.......................
staticX.......................
staticX.......................
x.......................
x.......................
x.......................
x.......................
x.......................
x.......................
x.......................
x.......................
x.......................
x.......................

Process finished with exit code 0