关于CSS的一些冷知识
1.自定义滚动条
html
<div class="custom-scrollbar">
<p>
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet consectetur adipisicing elit.<br />
Iure id exercitationem nulla qui repellat laborum vitae, <br />
molestias tempora velit natus. Quas, assumenda nisi. <br />
Quisquam enim qui iure, consequatur velit sit?
</p>
</div>
css
.custom-scrollbar {
height: 70px;
overflow-y: scroll;
}
/* To style the document scrollbar, remove `.custom-scrollbar` */
.custom-scrollbar::-webkit-scrollbar {
width: 8px;
}
.custom-scrollbar::-webkit-scrollbar-track {
box-shadow: inset 0 0 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
border-radius: 10px;
}
.custom-scrollbar::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb {
border-radius: 10px;
box-shadow: inset 0 0 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);
}
2.自定义文本选择的样式
html
<p class="custom-text-selection">Select some of this text.</p>
css
::selection {
background: aquamarine;
color: black;
}
.custom-text-selection::selection {
background: deeppink;
color: white;
}
3.创建动态阴影（创建类似于box-shadow的阴影，但基于元素本身的颜色。）
html
<div class="dynamic-shadow"></div>
css
.dynamic-shadow {
position: relative;
width: 10rem;
height: 10rem;
background: linear-gradient(75deg, #6d78ff, #00ffb8);
z-index: 1;
}
.dynamic-shadow::after {
content: '';
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
position: absolute;
background: inherit;
top: 0.5rem;
filter: blur(0.4rem);
opacity: 0.7;
z-index: -1;
}
4.Focus Within 伪类
如果表单中的任何子项被聚焦，则更改表单的外观。
html
<div class="focus-within">
<form>
<label for="given_name">Given Name:</label> <input id="given_name" type="text" /> <br />
<label for="family_name">Family Name:</label> <input id="family_name" type="text" />
</form>
</div>
css
form {
border: 3px solid #2d98da;
color: #000000;
padding: 4px;
}
form:focus-within {
background: #f7b731;
color: #000000;
}
伪类：：focus-within 将对应的样式应用于父元素（任何子元素被聚焦）。 例如，表单元素内的输入元素。
5.指定元素的全屏
:fullsrcreen 全屏伪类表示浏览器处于全屏模式时显示的元素。 HTML
html
<div class="container">
<p><em>Click the button below to enter the element into fullscreen mode. </em></p>
<div class="element" id="element"><p>I change color in fullscreen mode!</p></div>
<br />
<button onclick="var el = document.getElementById('element'); el.requestFullscreen();">
Go Full Screen!
</button>
</div>
css
.container {
margin: 40px auto;
max-width: 700px;
}
.element {
padding: 20px;
height: 300px;
width: 100%;
background-color: skyblue;
}
.element p {
text-align: center;
color: white;
font-size: 3em;
}
.element:-ms-fullscreen p {
visibility: visible;
}
.element:fullscreen {
background-color: #e4708a;
width: 100vw;
height: 100vh;
}
6.渐变文字
<p class="gradient-text">Gradient text</p>
.gradient-text {
background: -webkit-linear-gradient(pink, red);
-webkit-text-fill-color: transparent;
-webkit-background-clip: text;
}
7.渐变跟踪
一种悬停效果，其中渐变跟随鼠标光标。
<button class="button">
<span>Hover me I'm awesome</span>
</button>
css
body {
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
align-items: center;
min-height: 100vh;
background: white;
}
.button {
position: relative;
appearance: none;
background: #f72359;
padding: 1em 2em;
border: none;
color: white;
font-size: 1.2em;
cursor: pointer;
outline: none;
overflow: hidden;
border-radius: 100px;
span {
position: relative;
pointer-events: none;
}
&::before {
--size: 0;
content: '';
position: absolute;
left: var(--x);
top: var(--y);
width: var(--size);
height: var(--size);
background: radial-gradient(circle closest-side, #4405f7, transparent);
transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
transition: width .2s ease, height .2s ease;
}
&:hover::before {
--size: 400px;
}
}
js
document.querySelector('.button').onmousemove = (e) => {
const x = e.pageX - e.target.offsetLeft
const y = e.pageY - e.target.offsetTop
e.target.style.setProperty('--x', `${ x }px`)
e.target.style.setProperty('--y', `${ y }px`)
}
8.溢出滚动渐变
html
<div class="overflow-scroll-gradient">
<div class="overflow-scroll-gradient__scroller">
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet consectetur adipisicing elit. <br />
Iure id exercitationem nulla qui repellat laborum vitae, <br />
molestias tempora velit natus. Quas, assumenda nisi. <br />
Quisquam enim qui iure, consequatur velit sit? <br />
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet consectetur adipisicing elit.<br />
Iure id exercitationem nulla qui repellat laborum vitae, <br />
molestias tempora velit natus. Quas, assumenda nisi. <br />
Quisquam enim qui iure, consequatur velit sit?
</div>
</div>
css
.overflow-scroll-gradient {
position: relative;
}
.overflow-scroll-gradient::after {
content: '';
position: absolute;
bottom: 0;
width: 240px;
height: 25px;
background: linear-gradient(
rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.001),
white
); /* transparent keyword is broken in Safari */
pointer-events: none;
}
.overflow-scroll-gradient__scroller {
overflow-y: scroll;
background: white;
width: 240px;
height: 200px;
padding: 15px;
line-height: 1.2;
}
::after 定义一个伪元素用来展示渐变效果
background-image: linear-gradient(…) 添加一个从透明变为白色（从上到下）的线性渐变。
pointer-events: none 指定伪元素不能是鼠标事件的目标，后面的文本仍然是可选择/交互的。
9.重置所有样式
<div class="reset-all-styles">
</div>
.reset-all-styles {
all: initial;
}
all 属性允许您将所有样式（继承或不继承）重置为默认值。
10.css开关
<input type="checkbox" id="toggle" class="offscreen" /> <label for="toggle" class="switch"></label>
css
.switch {
position: relative;
display: inline-block;
width: 40px;
height: 20px;
background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25);
border-radius: 20px;
transition: all 0.3s;
}
.switch::after {
content: '';
position: absolute;
width: 18px;
height: 18px;
border-radius: 18px;
background-color: white;
top: 1px;
left: 1px;
transition: all 0.3s;
}
input[type='checkbox']:checked + .switch::after {
transform: translateX(20px);
}
input[type='checkbox']:checked + .switch {
background-color: #7983ff;
}
.offscreen {
position: absolute;
left: -9999px;
}
11.用 css 画一个三角形
<div class="triangle"></div>
.triangle {
width: 0;
height: 0;
border-top: 20px solid #333;
border-left: 20px solid transparent;
border-right: 20px solid transparent;
}
动画
12.弹跳 loading 动画
<div class="bouncing-loader">
<div></div>
<div></div>
<div></div>
</div>
css
@keyframes bouncing-loader {
to {
opacity: 0.1;
transform: translate3d(0, -1rem, 0);
}
}
.bouncing-loader {
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
}
.bouncing-loader > div {
width: 1rem;
height: 1rem;
margin: 3rem 0.2rem;
background: #8385aa;
border-radius: 50%;
animation: bouncing-loader 0.6s infinite alternate;
}
.bouncing-loader > div:nth-child(2) {
animation-delay: 0.2s;
}
.bouncing-loader > div:nth-child(3) {
animation-delay: 0.4s;
}
13.按钮边框动画
<div class="button-border"><button class="button">Submit</button></div>
css
.button {
background-color: #c47135;
border: none;
color: #ffffff;
outline: none;
padding: 12px 40px 10px;
position: relative;
}
.button:before,
.button:after {
border: 0 solid transparent;
transition: all 0.25s;
content: '';
height: 24px;
position: absolute;
width: 24px;
}
.button:before {
border-top: 2px solid #c47135;
left: 0px;
top: -5px;
}
.button:after {
border-bottom: 2px solid #c47135;
bottom: -5px;
right: 0px;
}
.button:hover {
background-color: #c47135;
}
.button:hover:before,
.button:hover:after {
height: 100%;
width: 100%;
}
14.甜甜圈旋转器
<div class="donut"></div>
@keyframes donut-spin {
0% {
transform: rotate(0deg);
}
100% {
transform: rotate(360deg);
}
}
.donut {
display: inline-block;
border: 4px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
border-left-color: #7983ff;
border-radius: 50%;
width: 30px;
height: 30px;
animation: donut-spin 1.2s linear infinite;
}
15.缓动效果
<div class="easing-variables">Hover</div>
:root {
/* Place variables in here to use globally */
}
.easing-variables {
--ease-in-quad: cubic-bezier(0.55, 0.085, 0.68, 0.53);
--ease-in-cubic: cubic-bezier(0.55, 0.055, 0.675, 0.19);
--ease-in-quart: cubic-bezier(0.895, 0.03, 0.685, 0.22);
--ease-in-quint: cubic-bezier(0.755, 0.05, 0.855, 0.06);
--ease-in-expo: cubic-bezier(0.95, 0.05, 0.795, 0.035);
--ease-in-circ: cubic-bezier(0.6, 0.04, 0.98, 0.335);
--ease-out-quad: cubic-bezier(0.25, 0.46, 0.45, 0.94);
--ease-out-cubic: cubic-bezier(0.215, 0.61, 0.355, 1);
--ease-out-quart: cubic-bezier(0.165, 0.84, 0.44, 1);
--ease-out-quint: cubic-bezier(0.23, 1, 0.32, 1);
--ease-out-expo: cubic-bezier(0.19, 1, 0.22, 1);
--ease-out-circ: cubic-bezier(0.075, 0.82, 0.165, 1);
--ease-in-out-quad: cubic-bezier(0.455, 0.03, 0.515, 0.955);
--ease-in-out-cubic: cubic-bezier(0.645, 0.045, 0.355, 1);
--ease-in-out-quart: cubic-bezier(0.77, 0, 0.175, 1);
--ease-in-out-quint: cubic-bezier(0.86, 0, 0.07, 1);
--ease-in-out-expo: cubic-bezier(1, 0, 0, 1);
--ease-in-out-circ: cubic-bezier(0.785, 0.135, 0.15, 0.86);
display: inline-block;
width: 75px;
height: 75px;
padding: 10px;
color: white;
line-height: 50px;
text-align: center;
background: #333;
transition: transform 1s var(--ease-out-quart);
}
.easing-variables:hover {
transform: rotate(45deg);
}
16.悬停阴影动画
<p class="hover-shadow-box-animation">Box it!</p>
.hover-shadow-box-animation {
display: inline-block;
vertical-align: middle;
transform: perspective(1px) translateZ(0);
box-shadow: 0 0 1px transparent;
margin: 10px;
transition-duration: 0.3s;
transition-property: box-shadow, transform;
}
.hover-shadow-box-animation:hover,
.hover-shadow-box-animation:focus,
.hover-shadow-box-animation:active {
box-shadow: 1px 10px 10px -10px rgba(0, 0, 24, 0.5);
transform: scale(1.2);
}
17.悬停下滑线动画
<p class="hover-underline-animation">Hover this text to see the effect!</p>
.hover-underline-animation {
display: inline-block;
position: relative;
color: #0087ca;
}
.hover-underline-animation::after {
content: '';
position: absolute;
width: 100%;
transform: scaleX(0);
height: 2px;
bottom: 0;
left: 0;
background-color: #0087ca;
transform-origin: bottom right;
transition: transform 0.25s ease-out;
}
.hover-underline-animation:hover::after {
transform: scaleX(1);
transform-origin: bottom left;
}
18.兄弟元素淡化
html
<div class="sibling-fade">
<span>Item 1</span> <span>Item 2</span> <span>Item 3</span> <span>Item 4</span>
<span>Item 5</span> <span>Item 6</span>
</div>
css
span {
padding: 0 1rem;
transition: opacity 0.2s;
}
.sibling-fade:hover span:not(:hover) {
opacity: 0.5;
}
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