不定冠词
总原则
- 不定冠词a / an用在单数名词的前面
- a用在辅音因素(除 /α:/、/כ/、/כ:/、/u/、/u:/、/Λ/、/∂/、/∂:/以外)开头的词前面
- an用在元音因素( /α:/、/כ/、/כ:/、/u/、/u:/、/Λ/、/∂/、/∂:/)开头的词
注:并非是aeiou开头就要无脑用an哦,是跟发音来的
特殊情况
5. 泛指某个人或物
eg:There is a dog lying on the ground.
有一只狗(泛指一只狗而不是特定某一种狗)躺在地上。
6. 表某类人或物,区别于其他种类
eg:An elephant is much stronger than a man.
大象比人强壮多了
7. 表“一”这个数量
eg:There is a table and four chairs in that dining-room.
在那个餐厅里有一张桌子和四把椅子。
There be就近原则,单复数以离be动词最近的名词单复数决定
- 常用固定搭配
a bit(一点) a little(一点) a few(几个) a lot(许多) a kind of(一种) a pair of(一副、一双)
a number of(大量的) a piece of(一张、一片) half an hour(半小时) have a cold(感冒) have a good time(玩的开心) make a noise(发出嘈杂声) have/take a rest(休息一会儿)等
定冠词
- 表特指的人或事物
eg:The man with a flower in his hand is Jack.
手里拿着一朵花的男人是Jack(特指拿花的那个男人) - 复述前面提到过的人或事
eg:There is a man under the tree. The man is called Robert
一个人站在树下,那个人叫Jack
(先泛指一个人站特定的树下[特指树下有人的那棵],后复述指那个人叫Jack) - 表独一无二的事物
eg:The earth turns around the sun.
地球围着太阳转 - 用在表示方位的名词前面
eg:There will be strong wind to the south of the Yangtze River.
长江以南地区将会刮大风 - 在序数词和形容词最高级前面
eg:Who is the first one to go.
谁第一个去
eg:Of all the stars, the sun is te nearest to the earth.
在所有恒星中,太阳离地球最近。 - 用在江河、海洋、山脉、专有地名等名称的前面
eg:I have never been to the Himalaya Mountains.
我从来没有去过喜马拉雅山。 - 用在含有普通名词的专有名词的前面
eg:He is from the United States of America
他来自美利坚合众国(专有名词United States of America中包含states这种普通名词)
专有名词:如人名、地名
普通名词:如苹果柿子李子栗子梨
- 用在姓氏之前表示一家人
eg:The Greens are going to Mount Emei next month. - 固定短语
at the time(与此同时) make the bed(铺床) in the end(最后) all the time(一直) by the way(顺便说一下) on the way(在路上) - 乐器名称前
eg:He began to play the violin at the age of 5.
零冠词
-
专有名词和第一次使用一些不可数名词时前面通常不用
China is a very large country.
Man needs air and water. -
名词前已有指示代词、物主代词或不定代词做定语时不用
eg:My pen is much more expensive than yours -
周、月或者季节名前不用
eg:He has born on Monday, Fibrary 18, 1995
eg:They usually plant trees on the hills in spring -
(第一次使用)复数名词表示人或事物的类别时不用
eg:Man are cleverer than monkeys.
人比猴子聪明 -
三餐饭前不用
eg:We have breakfast at home and lunch at school. -
节假日前不用
eg:On Children’s Day the boys often get presents from their parents. -
球类名词前不用
eg:The children play football on Saturday afternoons. -
一些习惯语固定搭配
at(在) / to(去) / from(从) / out of(放学) / after(放学后) / for(为) school
in(在) / to(上课) / for(上课) class
in(在床上) / to(睡觉) / out of(下床) / into(上床) bed
after(下班后) / at(工作中) / from(从) / out of(没) / to(上班) work
in front of 在…前面
on show(展出) / display(展示中) / duty(当班) / watch(在手表上)
in(在) / out of(出) hospital
at all 完全没有 at all cost 不惜代价
on(准时) / in(及时) time / out of(没) time
at first(首先) / last(最后) / once(立刻)
in(用) Chinese / English
take care of 照顾