责任链模式chain of responsibility
- 将能够处理同一类请求的对象连成一条链,所提交的请求沿着链传递,链上对对象逐个判断是否能够处理该请求,能则处理,不能则传递给链上的下个对象
- 职责链上的处理者负责处理请求,客户只需要将请求发送到职责链上即可,无须关心请求的处理细节和请求的传递,所以职责链将请求的发送者和请求的处理者解耦了
- 优点: 1、降低耦合度。它将请求的发送者和接收者解耦。 2、简化了对象。使得对象不需要知道链的结构。 3、增强给对象指派职责的灵活性。通过改变链内的成员或者调动它们的次序,允许动态地新增或者删除责任。 4、增加新的请求处理类很方便。
- 缺点: 1、不能保证请求一定被接收。 2、系统性能将受到一定影响,而且在进行代码调试时不太方便,可能会造成循环调用。 3、可能不容易观察运行时的特征,有碍于除错。
代码实现
通常每个接收者都包含对另一个接收者的引用,Handler 里面聚合它自己,在 HandlerRequest 里判断是否合适,如果没达到条件则向下传递。
package com.liang.cor;
/**
* 请假请求
* @author Administrator
*
*/
public class LeaveReqInfo {
private String name;
private int days;
private String reason;
/**
* @param name
* @param days
* @param reason
*/
public LeaveReqInfo(String name, int days, String reason) {
super();
this.name = name;
this.days = days;
this.reason = reason;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public int getDays() {
return days;
}
public void setDays(int days) {
this.days = days;
}
public String getReason() {
return reason;
}
public void setReason(String reason) {
this.reason = reason;
}
}
package com.liang.cor;
/**
* @author Administrator
*处理的抽象者
*/
public abstract class Leader {
protected String name;
protected Leader nextLeader;
public Leader(String name) {
super();
this.name = name;
}
public Leader getNextLeader() {
return nextLeader;
}
public void setNextLeader(Leader nextLeader) {
this.nextLeader = nextLeader;
}
public abstract void reqHandler(LeaveReqInfo info);
}
package com.liang.cor;
/**
* 主任
* @author Administrator
*
*/
public class Director extends Leader {
public Director(String name) {
super(name);
}
@Override
public void reqHandler(LeaveReqInfo info) {
if(info.getDays()<=3) {
System.out.println(super.name+"审批:"+info.getName()+"因为"+info.getReason()+"请了"+info.getDays()+"天假");
}else {
super.nextLeader.reqHandler(info);
}
}
}
package com.liang.cor;
/**
* @author Administrator
*经理
*/
public class Manager extends Leader{
public Manager(String name) {
super(name);
}
@Override
public void reqHandler(LeaveReqInfo info) {
if(info.getDays()<=10) {
System.out.println(super.name+"审批:"+info.getName()+"因为"+info.getReason()+"请了"+info.getDays()+"天假");
}else {
super.nextLeader.reqHandler(info);
}
}
}
package com.liang.cor;
/**
* @author Administrator
*老总
*/
public class Boss extends Leader {
public Boss(String name) {
super(name);
// TODO 自动生成的构造函数存根
}
@Override
public void reqHandler(LeaveReqInfo info) {
if(info.getDays()<=30) {
System.out.println(super.name+"审批:"+info.getName()+"因为"+info.getReason()+"请了"+info.getDays()+"天假");
}else {
System.out.println("请假太多,开除");
}
}
}
package com.liang.cor;
/**
* @author Administrator
*
*/
public class Client {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Leader director=new Director("张三");
Leader manager=new Manager("李四");
Leader boss=new Boss("潘盛雨");
director.setNextLeader(manager);
manager.setNextLeader(boss);
LeaveReqInfo info=new LeaveReqInfo("小史", 10, "旅游");
director.reqHandler(info);
}
}