Android ListView用法

ListView 用法

ListView用于将数据展示为一个列表，常用于显示通讯消息，用处较为广泛

用ListView展示水果

创建一个fruit_item.xml用来动态加载布局

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">
    <ImageView
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:id="@+id/iv_fruit"
        android:background="@drawable/apple_pic">
    </ImageView>
    <TextView
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:id="@+id/tv_fruit"
        android:text="apple">
    </TextView>
</LinearLayout>

构造一个水果类

public class Fruit {
    public Fruit(String fruitName, int fruitImage) {
        this.fruitName = fruitName;
        this.fruitImage = fruitImage;
    }

    public String getFruitName() {
        return fruitName;
    }

    public void setFruitName(String fruitName) {
        this.fruitName = fruitName;
    }

    public int getFruitImage() {
        return fruitImage;
    }

    public void setFruitImage(int fruitImage) {
        this.fruitImage = fruitImage;
    }

    private String fruitName;
    private int fruitImage;
}

实现一个FruitAdapter继承自BaseAdapter

public class FruitAdapter extends BaseAdapter {
    private List<Fruit> fruitList = new ArrayList<>();
    private LayoutInflater inflater;
    private Fruit fruit;
    public FruitAdapter(String[] names, int[] images, Context context) {
        inflater = LayoutInflater.from(context);
        for(int i=0; i<names.length; i++){
            fruit = new Fruit(names[i],images[i]);
            fruitList.add(fruit);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public int getCount() {
        return fruitList.size();
    }

    @Override
    public Object getItem(int position) {
        return fruitList.get(position);
    }

    @Override
    public long getItemId(int position) {
        return position;
    }

    @Override
    public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
        ViewHolder viewHolder;
        if(convertView == null){
            convertView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fruit_item, null);
            viewHolder = new ViewHolder();
            viewHolder.fruitImage = (ImageView)convertView.findViewById(R.id.iv_fruit);
            viewHolder.fruitName = (TextView)convertView.findViewById(R.id.tv_fruit);
            convertView.setTag(viewHolder);
        } else{
            viewHolder = (ViewHolder)convertView.getTag();
        }
        viewHolder.fruitName.setText(fruitList.get(position).getFruitName());
        viewHolder.fruitImage.setImageResource(fruitList.get(position).getFruitImage());
        return convertView;
    }
}
class ViewHolder{
    ImageView fruitImage;
    TextView fruitName;
}

我的理解，viewHolder是convertView的一个引用，改变了viewHolder的文字和图片，convertView便也改变了，然后将convertView返回实现一个ListView单元，然后将viewHolder放到convertView的Tag中，免去每次重新创建viewHolder

主页中创建FruitAdapter对象，并绑定到ListView

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private static String TAG = "cn.edu.zufe.appsecond.MainActivity";
    private ListView lv_fruit;
    private FruitAdapter fruitAdapter;
    private String[] fruitName = {
            "apple","banana","cherry","grape","mango","orange","pear","pineapple","strawberry","watermelon"
    };
    private int[] fruitImageId = {
            R.drawable.apple_pic,R.drawable.banana_pic,R.drawable.cherry_pic,R.drawable.grape_pic,R.drawable.mango_pic,R.drawable.orange_pic,
            R.drawable.pear_pic,R.drawable.pineapple_pic,R.drawable.strawberry_pic,R.drawable.watermelon_pic
    };
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        lv_fruit = (ListView)findViewById(R.id.lv_fruit);
        fruitAdapter = new FruitAdapter(fruitName, fruitImageId, this);
        lv_fruit.setAdapter(fruitAdapter);
        lv_fruit.setOnItemClickListener(new AdapterView.OnItemClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long id) {
                Fruit fruit = (Fruit)parent.getItemAtPosition(position);
                Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, fruit.getFruitName(), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
        });
    }
}

最后效果