使用AIDL实现进程通信

AIDL接口

// IBookManeger.aidl
package cn.edu.zufe.app0406;

// Declare any non-default types here with import statements
import cn.edu.zufe.app0406.bean.Book;
interface IBookManeger {
    /**
     * Demonstrates some basic types that you can use as parameters
     * and return values in AIDL.
     */
    List<Book> getBookList();
    void addBook(in Book book);
}

// Book.aidl
package cn.edu.zufe.app0406.bean;

// Declare any non-default types here with import statements
parcelable Book;

来分析一下系统自动生成的IBookManeger接口的内容

/*
 * This file is auto-generated.  DO NOT MODIFY.
 */
package cn.edu.zufe.app0406;

//首先可以看到IBookManeger还是一个接口,它继承自IInterface 这个接口. 然后它有一个抽象子类Stub实现了IBookManeger并继承自Binder, 然后这个抽象子类又有一个静态内部类Proxy实现了IBookManeger接口,这是大致的文件结构

public interface IBookManeger extends android.os.IInterface {
    /**
     * Default implementation for IBookManeger.
     */
    public static class Default implements cn.edu.zufe.app0406.IBookManeger {
        /**
         * Demonstrates some basic types that you can use as parameters
         * and return values in AIDL.
         */
        @Override
        public java.util.List<cn.edu.zufe.app0406.bean.Book> getBookList() throws android.os.RemoteException {
            return null;
        }

        @Override
        public void addBook(cn.edu.zufe.app0406.bean.Book book) throws android.os.RemoteException {
        }


        @Override
        public android.os.IBinder asBinder() {
            return null;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Local-side IPC implementation stub class.
     */
    public static abstract class Stub extends android.os.Binder implements cn.edu.zufe.app0406.IBookManeger {
    	
    	//DESCRIPTOR Binder的唯一标识
        private static final java.lang.String DESCRIPTOR = "cn.edu.zufe.app0406.IBookManeger";

        /**
         * Construct the stub at attach it to the interface.
         */
        public Stub() {
            this.attachInterface(this, DESCRIPTOR);
        }

        /**
         * Cast an IBinder object into an cn.edu.zufe.app0406.IBookManeger interface,
         * generating a proxy if needed.
         */
        //用于将服务端返回的Binder对象转换成客户端所需要的AIDL接口类型对象,如果客户端和服务端位于同一个进程那么返回Stub对象本身,否则返回系统封装后的Stub.proxy对象
        public static cn.edu.zufe.app0406.IBookManeger asInterface(android.os.IBinder obj) {
            if ((obj == null)) {
                return null;
            }
            android.os.IInterface iin = obj.queryLocalInterface(DESCRIPTOR);
            if (((iin != null) && (iin instanceof cn.edu.zufe.app0406.IBookManeger))) {
                return ((cn.edu.zufe.app0406.IBookManeger) iin);
            }
            return new cn.edu.zufe.app0406.IBookManeger.Stub.Proxy(obj);
        }
        //用于返回当前Binder对象
        @Override
        public android.os.IBinder asBinder() {
            return this;
        }
        //运行在服务端Binder线程池中,当客户端发起跨进程请求时，远程请求会通过系统底层封装后交由此方法来处理
        //服务端通过 code 可以确定客户端所请求的目标方法是什么，接着从 data中取出目标方法所需的参数，然后执行目标方法。当目标方法执行完毕后，就向 reply 中写入返回值，onTransact 方法的执行过程就是这样的。
        //注意:如果此方法返回 false，那么客户端的请求会失败，因此我们可以利用这个特性来做权限验证
        @Override
        public boolean onTransact(int code, android.os.Parcel data, android.os.Parcel reply, int flags) throws android.os.RemoteException {
            java.lang.String descriptor = DESCRIPTOR;
            switch (code) {
                case INTERFACE_TRANSACTION: {
                    reply.writeString(descriptor);
                    return true;
                }
                case TRANSACTION_getBookList: {
                    data.enforceInterface(descriptor);
                    java.util.List<cn.edu.zufe.app0406.bean.Book> _result = this.getBookList();
                    reply.writeNoException();
                    reply.writeTypedList(_result);
                    return true;
                }
                case TRANSACTION_addBook: {
                    data.enforceInterface(descriptor);
                    cn.edu.zufe.app0406.bean.Book _arg0;
                    if ((0 != data.readInt())) {
                        _arg0 = cn.edu.zufe.app0406.bean.Book.CREATOR.createFromParcel(data);
                    } else {
                        _arg0 = null;
                    }
                    this.addBook(_arg0);
                    reply.writeNoException();
                    return true;
                }
                default: {
                    return super.onTransact(code, data, reply, flags);
                }
            }
        }

        private static class Proxy implements cn.edu.zufe.app0406.IBookManeger {
            private android.os.IBinder mRemote;

            Proxy(android.os.IBinder remote) {
                mRemote = remote;
            }

            @Override
            public android.os.IBinder asBinder() {
                return mRemote;
            }

            public java.lang.String getInterfaceDescriptor() {
                return DESCRIPTOR;
            }

            /**
             * Demonstrates some basic types that you can use as parameters
             * and return values in AIDL.
             */
             //这个方法运行在客户端，当客户端远程调用此方法时，它的内部实现是这样的; 首先创建该方法所需要的输入型 Parcel 对象 data、输出型 Parcel 对象_reply 和返回值对象 List;然后把该方法的参数信息写入 data 中（如果有参数的话）;接着调用 transact 方法来发起 RPC（远程过程调用）请求，同时当前线程挂起;然后服务端的 onTransact 方法会被调用.，直到RPC过程返回后，当前线程继续执行，并从_reply 中取出 RPC过程的返回结果;最后返回_reply 中的数据。
            @Override
            public java.util.List<cn.edu.zufe.app0406.bean.Book> getBookList() throws android.os.RemoteException {
                android.os.Parcel _data = android.os.Parcel.obtain();
                android.os.Parcel _reply = android.os.Parcel.obtain();
                java.util.List<cn.edu.zufe.app0406.bean.Book> _result;
                try {
                    _data.writeInterfaceToken(DESCRIPTOR);
                    boolean _status = mRemote.transact(Stub.TRANSACTION_getBookList, _data, _reply, 0);
                    if (!_status && getDefaultImpl() != null) {
                        return getDefaultImpl().getBookList();
                    }
                    _reply.readException();
                    _result = _reply.createTypedArrayList(cn.edu.zufe.app0406.bean.Book.CREATOR);
                } finally {
                    _reply.recycle();
                    _data.recycle();
                }
                return _result;
            }

            @Override
            public void addBook(cn.edu.zufe.app0406.bean.Book book) throws android.os.RemoteException {
                android.os.Parcel _data = android.os.Parcel.obtain();
                android.os.Parcel _reply = android.os.Parcel.obtain();
                try {
                    _data.writeInterfaceToken(DESCRIPTOR);
                    if ((book != null)) {
                        _data.writeInt(1);
                        book.writeToParcel(_data, 0);
                    } else {
                        _data.writeInt(0);
                    }
                    boolean _status = mRemote.transact(Stub.TRANSACTION_addBook, _data, _reply, 0);
                    if (!_status && getDefaultImpl() != null) {
                        getDefaultImpl().addBook(book);
                        return;
                    }
                    _reply.readException();
                } finally {
                    _reply.recycle();
                    _data.recycle();
                }
            }

            public static cn.edu.zufe.app0406.IBookManeger sDefaultImpl;
        }

        static final int TRANSACTION_getBookList = (android.os.IBinder.FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION + 0);
        static final int TRANSACTION_addBook = (android.os.IBinder.FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION + 1);

        public static boolean setDefaultImpl(cn.edu.zufe.app0406.IBookManeger impl) {
            if (Stub.Proxy.sDefaultImpl == null && impl != null) {
                Stub.Proxy.sDefaultImpl = impl;
                return true;
            }
            return false;
        }

        public static cn.edu.zufe.app0406.IBookManeger getDefaultImpl() {
            return Stub.Proxy.sDefaultImpl;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Demonstrates some basic types that you can use as parameters
     * and return values in AIDL.
     */
    public java.util.List<cn.edu.zufe.app0406.bean.Book> getBookList() throws android.os.RemoteException;

    public void addBook(cn.edu.zufe.app0406.bean.Book book) throws android.os.RemoteException;

}

服务端

服务端创建一个service监听客户端连接请求,然后实现AIDL接口将对象返回给客户端使其能够调用服务端方法

package cn.edu.zufe.app0406.service;

import android.app.Service;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Binder;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.os.RemoteException;
import android.util.Log;

import androidx.annotation.Nullable;

import java.util.List;
import java.util.concurrent.CopyOnWriteArrayList;

import cn.edu.zufe.app0406.IBookManeger;
import cn.edu.zufe.app0406.bean.Book;

public class BookManagerService extends Service {

    private static final String TAG = "BookManagerService";
    private CopyOnWriteArrayList<Book> mBookList = new CopyOnWriteArrayList<>();
    private Binder mBinder = new IBookManeger.Stub() {
        @Override
        public List<Book> getBookList() throws RemoteException {
            return mBookList;
        }

        @Override
        public void addBook(Book book) throws RemoteException {
            mBookList.add(book);
        }
    };

    @Override
    public void onCreate() {
        super.onCreate();
        Log.d(TAG, "onCreate: ");
        mBookList.add(new Book(1, "Android"));
        mBookList.add(new Book(2, "C++"));
    }

    @Nullable
    @Override
    public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
        return mBinder;
    }
}

客户端

package cn.edu.zufe.app0406;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

import android.content.ComponentName;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.ServiceConnection;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.os.RemoteException;
import android.util.Log;

import java.util.List;

import cn.edu.zufe.app0406.bean.Book;
import cn.edu.zufe.app0406.service.BookManagerService;

public class IpcUserAidlActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private static final String TAG = "IpcUserAidlActivity";
    private ServiceConnection connection = new ServiceConnection() {
        @Override
        public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) {
            IBookManeger bookManeger = IBookManeger.Stub.asInterface(service);
            try {
                List<Book> books = bookManeger.getBookList();
                Log.d(TAG, "book list:" + books.toString());
                Book book = new Book(3, "Java");
                bookManeger.addBook(book);
                List<Book> books1 = bookManeger.getBookList();
                Log.d(TAG, "book list:" + books1.toString());
            } catch (RemoteException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

        @Override
        public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {

        }
    };
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_ipc_user_aidl);

        Intent intent2 = new Intent(this, BookManagerService.class);
        bindService(intent2, connection, BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
    }

    @Override
    protected void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();
        unbindService(connection);
    }
}

2021-04-15 19:45:41.173 17594-17594/cn.edu.zufe.app0406.pro1 D/IpcUserAidlActivity: book list:[cn.edu.zufe.app0406.bean.Book@a033a55, cn.edu.zufe.app0406.bean.Book@1e3ec6a]
2021-04-15 19:45:41.175 17594-17594/cn.edu.zufe.app0406.pro1 D/IpcUserAidlActivity: book list:[cn.edu.zufe.app0406.bean.Book@410255b, cn.edu.zufe.app0406.bean.Book@5a3d1f8, cn.edu.zufe.app0406.bean.Book@e8a26d1]