python2 与 python3的区别
1.python的安装
-Linux
-官网下在源码安装包(python3.6)
-解压安装包
-安装编译过程中需要的依赖包:gcc,zlib,zlib-devel,openssl-devel,readline,readline-devel
-进入解压的安装包进行编译
cd /opt/Python3-*/
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python3.6 --with-ssl
make && make install
-添加python3命令到系统环境变量里
具体操作如下:
[root@localhost mnt]# ls
Python-3.6.6.tgz
[root@localhost mnt]# tar zxf Python-3.6.6.tgz 解压
[root@localhost mnt]# ls
Python-3.6.6 Python-3.6.6.tgz
[root@localhost mnt]# cd Python-3.6.6/
[root@localhost Python-3.6.6]# yum install-y zlib-devel openssl-devel readline readline-devel gcc
[root@localhost Python-3.6.6]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python3.6 --with-ssl
[root@localhost Python-3.6.6]# make && make install
2.添加python3.6到系统环境变量中(echo $Path)
-
方法1:
echo $PATH #临时添加 export PATH='python3命令所在的路径:$PATH' #永久添加 echo export PATH='python3命令所在的路径:$PATH' >> ~/.bashrc #重新读取配置文件: source ~/.bashrc
-
方法2:
做软链接 [root@localhost bin]# ln -s /usr/local/python3.6/bin/python3.6 /usr/local/bin [root@localhost bin]# python3.6 做了软链接后可直接执行python3.6命令
3.安装ipython
python自带的编译器不好使用的情况下,我们可以按转ipython
(前提:虚拟机要联网)
[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/python3.6/bin/
[root@localhost bin]# ./pip3.6 install ipython 下载ipython
执行效果如下
也可为ipython3.6做软链接:
4.安装pycharm
[root@foundation55 mnt]# ls
1011 123 ping.sh pycharm-community-2018.3.tar.gz virt.sh westos
[root@foundation55 mnt]# tar zxf pycharm-community-2018.3.tar.gz -C /usr/local
[root@foundation55 bin]# cd /usr/local
[root@foundation55 local]# ls
bin games lib libexec python3.6 share
etc include lib64 pycharm-community-2018.3 sbin src
[root@foundation55 local]# mv pycharm-community-2018.3/ pycharm
[root@foundation55 local]# cd pycharm/bin
[root@foundation55 bin]# ls
format.sh fsnotifier-arm libdbm64.so pycharm64.vmoptions pycharm.svg
fsnotifier idea.properties log.xml pycharm.png pycharm.vmoptions
fsnotifier64 inspect.sh printenv.py pycharm.sh restart.py
[root@foundation55 bin]# su - kiosk
[kiosk@foundation55 ~]$ cd /usr/local/pycharm/bin/
[kiosk@foundation55 bin]$ ./pycharm.sh
下图的/usr/local/bin后跟charm。我们可以直接执行charm命令打开pycharm软件。
[root@foundation55 ~]# cd /home/kiosk/PycharmProjects/untitled/
[root@foundation55 untitled]# ls
venv
[root@foundation55 untitled]# rm -fr *
修改字体
pycharm的快捷键
- 修改python解释器的位置
- 如何快速创建文件(alt + insert)
- 格式化python代码,使风格好看(crtl + alt + l)
- 如何撤销代码的修改(ctrl + z)
- 如何取消撤销的代码(ctrl + shift + z)
- 快速重命名(shift + f6)
- 快速注释代码(ctrl + /)
- 快速取消注释代码(ctrl + /)
- 快速删除一行代码(ctrl + x)
- 快速复制一行代码(ctrl + d)