c++11随记：容器遍历方法，for_each遍历,for区间遍历

for_each

原型：

template<class InputIterator, class Function>
  Function for_each(InputIterator first, InputIterator last, Function fn)
{
  while (first!=last) {
    fn (*first);
    ++first;
  }
  return fn;      // or, since C++11: return move(fn);

头文件

#include <algorithm>

vector遍历

for_each遍历vector

函数遍历

//遍历方法
void fun(int n)
{
    std::cout << __FUNCTION__ << ":" << n << " ";
}

    std::vector<int> array;
    for(int i = 0;i < 10;i++)
    {
        array.push_back(i);
    }
    //遍历
    std::for_each(array.begin(),array.end(),fun);
    std::cout << std::endl;

lambda

   std::for_each(array.begin(),array.end(),[](int var){
        std::cout << "lambda:"<<var << " ";
    });
    std::cout << std::endl;

可以捕获外部变量

    int n = 10;
    std::for_each(array.begin(),array.end(),[&](int var){
        std::cout << "lambda:"<<var+n << " ";
    });
    std::cout << std::endl;

类仿函数

class MyArray
{
public:
    void operator()(int var)
    {
        std::cout << "myArray:" << var << " ";
    };
};

    MyArray myArray;
    std::for_each(array.begin(),array.end(),myArray);
    std::cout << std::endl;

for遍历vector

引用遍历，可修改值

    for(auto& item:array){
        item = item+100;
    }

非引用遍历

  for(auto item:array){
        std::cout <<"item"<< item << " "<<std::endl;
    }

map遍历

定义

std::map<int,std::string> m;
    m[1]="1";
    m[2]="2";
    m[3]="3";
    m[4]="4";
    m[5]="5";

for_each遍历map

lambda

 for_each(m.begin(),m.end(),[](std::map<int,std::string>::reference var){
        std::cout << var.first << ":"<<var.second << std::endl;
    });

函数

void funMap(std::map<int,std::string>::reference var)
{
    std::cout << __FUNCTION__ << ":"<< var.first << ":"<<var.second << std::endl;
}
 for_each(m.begin(),m.end(),funMap);

for 遍历map

 for(auto& var:m){
        //修改value
        var.second =var.second.append("key");
        std::cout << var.first << ":"<<var.second << std::endl;
    }