看看效果
先上代码,表示尊敬
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>贪吃蛇画布</title>
<!-- css部分需要放在头部,因为浏览器绘制好dom树后,需要再有cssTree结合成RenderTree,假如把css部分放在body的最下面
可能会出现白屏,因为这个时候浏览器先解析dom树,再去解析css文件,再绘制到浏览器屏幕
css部分放在头部,会提前加载好cssTree,接下来,遇到dom,遇到一个就直接渲染到浏览器屏幕,提升用户体验
-->
<style>
canvas {
display: block;
margin: 0 auto;
background: #B0C4DE;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<canvas width="600" height="600" id="huabu"></canvas>
<!-- 放在这部分,因为浏览器的执行顺序是从上到下,先加载完dom结点,下面的getElementById才能正确获取到dom,
如果是回调函数,可以放在head里面
-->
<script>
var huabu = document.getElementById("huabu")
var tools = huabu.getContext("2d")
var x = Math.floor(Math.random() * 20) * 30
var y = Math.floor(Math.random() * 20) * 30
var isEated = false
var snake = [{ x: 3, y: 0 }, { x: 2, y: 0 }, { x: 1, y: 0 }]
var directionX = 1
var directionY = 0
var isGameOver = false
document.addEventListener('keydown', (event) => {
if (event.keyCode === 37) {
directionX = -1;
directionY = 0;
} else if (event.keyCode === 38) {
directionX = 0;
directionY = -1;
} else if (event.keyCode === 39) {
directionX = 1;
directionY = 0;
} else if (event.keyCode === 40) {
directionX = 0;
directionY = 1;
}
})
setInterval(() => {
if (isGameOver) {
return
}
tools.clearRect(0, 0, 600, 600)
if (isEated) {
x = Math.floor(Math.random() * 20) * 30
y = Math.floor(Math.random() * 20) * 30
}
tools.fillStyle = "#cccc00"
tools.fillRect(x, y, 30, 30)
for (let i = 1; i < 20; i++) {
tools.moveTo(0, 30 * i + 0.5)
tools.lineTo(600, 30 * i + 0.5)
}
for (let i = 1; i < 20; i++) {
tools.moveTo(30 * i + 0.5, 0)
tools.lineTo(30 * i + 0.5, 600)
}
tools.strokeStyle = 'white'
tools.stroke()
if (snake[0].x * 30 === x && snake[0].y * 30 === y) {
isEated = true;
} else {
isEated = false;
snake.pop()
}
var oldHead = snake[0]
var newHead = {
x: oldHead.x + directionX,
y: oldHead.y + directionY,
}
if (newHead.x < 0 || newHead.x > 19 || newHead.y < 0 || newHead.y > 19) {
isGameOver = true
} else {
snake.unshift(newHead)
for (let i = 0; i < snake.length; i++) {
if (i === 0) {
tools.fillStyle = '#ff0033'
} else {
tools.fillStyle = '#333399'
}
tools.fillRect(snake[i].x * 30, snake[i].y * 30, 30, 30)
}
tools.fill()
}
}, 1000 / 3)
</script>
</body>
</html>
这里需要先学一丢丢的canvas知识,对于新手朋友来说,canvas可以很简单的说,就是画图工具,就是这个
不同的是,canvas画图是用代码画的,这里是canvas中文文档
这里分析一下里面的逻辑:
1. 首先,怎么实现动画效果,因为canvas是一张画布,是静态的,但是使用计时器,每次都清除画布,并且新的画布的内容和旧的画布的内容稍微有点区别,是不是就是可以产生动画效果啦
setInterval(() => {
if (isGameOver) {
return
}
tools.clearRect(0, 0, 600, 600)
if (isEated) {
x = Math.floor(Math.random() * 20) * 30
y = Math.floor(Math.random() * 20) * 30
}
tools.fillStyle = "#cccc00"
tools.fillRect(x, y, 30, 30)
for (let i = 1; i < 20; i++) {
tools.moveTo(0, 30 * i + 0.5)
tools.lineTo(600, 30 * i + 0.5)
}
for (let i = 1; i < 20; i++) {
tools.moveTo(30 * i + 0.5, 0)
tools.lineTo(30 * i + 0.5, 600)
}
tools.strokeStyle = 'white'
tools.stroke()
if (snake[0].x * 30 === x && snake[0].y * 30 === y) {
isEated = true;
} else {
isEated = false;
snake.pop()
}
var oldHead = snake[0]
var newHead = {
x: oldHead.x + directionX,
y: oldHead.y + directionY,
}
if (newHead.x < 0 || newHead.x > 19 || newHead.y < 0 || newHead.y > 19) {
isGameOver = true
} else {
snake.unshift(newHead)
for (let i = 0; i < snake.length; i++) {
if (i === 0) {
tools.fillStyle = '#ff0033'
} else {
tools.fillStyle = '#333399'
}
tools.fillRect(snake[i].x * 30, snake[i].y * 30, 30, 30)
}
tools.fill()
}
}, 1000 / 3)
2. 怎么绘制贪吃蛇吃的食物的随机位置,这里是利用Math.random()产生的随机数,再加上一些参数,用来确定坐标
var x = Math.floor(Math.random() * 20) * 30
var y = Math.floor(Math.random() * 20) * 30
3. 怎么绘制新的贪吃蛇,就是利用pop()将旧的贪吃蛇的最后一节去除,然后利用unshift()添加新的头部
var snake = [{ x: 3, y: 0 }, { x: 2, y: 0 }, { x: 1, y: 0 }]
if (snake[0].x * 30 === x && snake[0].y * 30 === y) {
isEated = true;
} else {
isEated = false;
snake.pop()
}
var oldHead = snake[0]
var newHead = {
x: oldHead.x + directionX,
y: oldHead.y + directionY,
}
4. 怎么通过键盘的上下左右键控制贪吃蛇的移动呢,利用dom的监听函数
document.addEventListener('keydown', (event) => {
if (event.keyCode === 37) {
directionX = -1;
directionY = 0;
} else if (event.keyCode === 38) {
directionX = 0;
directionY = -1;
} else if (event.keyCode === 39) {
directionX = 1;
directionY = 0;
} else if (event.keyCode === 40) {
directionX = 0;
directionY = 1;
}
})
可能我的表达能力可能有所欠缺,或者大家想自己对着视频学习,推荐这个视频