一、使用GET方法读取表单数据
1.GET方法读取规则:http://www.test.com/hello?key1=value1&key2=value2
,分别在下图位置建立Form.java和form.html文件
package ServletTest;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;T
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
//部署Servlet
@WebServlet("/Form")
//Form继承自HttpServlet类
public class Form extends HttpServlet {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
/**
* @see HttpServlet#HttpServlet()
*/
public Form() {
super();
}
/**
* @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
*/
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
// 设置响应内容类型为html文本
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
//响应输出
PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
//定义标题
String title = "使用 GET 方法读取表单数据";
// 处理中文
String name =new String(request.getParameter("name").getBytes("ISO-8859-1"),"UTF-8");
//编写输出为html的程序在浏览器中打开
String docType = "<!DOCTYPE html> \n";
out.println(docType +
"<html>\n" +
"<head><title>" + title + "</title></head>\n" +
"<body bgcolor=\"#f0f0f0\">\n" +
"<h1 align=\"center\">" + title + "</h1>\n" +
"<ul>\n" +
" <li><b>站点名</b>:"
+ name + "\n" +
" <li><b>网址</b>:"
+ request.getParameter("url") + "\n" +
"</ul>\n" +
"</body></html>");
}
// 处理 POST 方法请求的方法
public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
doGet(request, response);
}
}
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>Servlet使用Get方法获取表单数据</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="Form" method="GET">
网址名:<input type="text" name="name">
<br />
网址:<input type="text" name="url" />
<input type="submit" value="提交" />
</form>
</body>
</html>
注意:这里是在form.html文档中运行程序
在http://localhost:8080/TomcatTest/hello.html
中填写数据提交后,会自动跳转到http://localhost:8080/TomcatTest/HelloForm
,并显示接受到的数据。也可以直接在浏览器中访问http://localhost:8080/TomcatTest/HelloForm?name=百度url=www.baidu.com
,得到的结果相同。
注意:确保String name =new String(request.getParameter("name").getBytes("ISO-8859-1"),"UTF-8");
语句对应的method="GET"
,要不然就会出现下图情况,导致中文无法识别。
二、使用POST方法读取表单数据
POST方法的程序和GET的程序绝大部分是一样的,只是将html文档中的表单方法设置为method="POST"
,Java文件的中文处理语句改为String name =new String(request.getParameter("name").getBytes("ISO8859-1"),"UTF-8");
三、使用POST方法读取表单所有参数
package ServletTest;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.Enumeration;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
/**
* Servlet implementation class ReadParams
*/
//部署Servlet
@WebServlet("/ReadParams")
//FormReadParams继承自HttpServlet类
public class FofmReadParams extends HttpServlet {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
/**
* @see HttpServlet#HttpServlet()
*/
public ReadParams() {
super();
// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
}
/**
* @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
*/
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
// 设置响应内容类型为html文本
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
//定义标题
String title = "读取所有的表单数据";
//浏览器接收到的html程序
String docType =
"<!doctype html public \"-//w3c//dtd html 4.0 " +
"transitional//en\">\n";
out.println(docType +
"<html>\n" +
"<head><meta charset=\"utf-8\"><title>" + title + "</title></head>\n" +
"<body bgcolor=\"#f0f0f0\">\n" +
"<h1 align=\"left\">" + title + "</h1>\n" +
"<table width=\"400px\" border=\"1\" align=\"left\">\n" +
"<tr bgcolor=\"#949494\">\n" +
"<th>参数名称</th><th>参数值</th>\n"+
"</tr>\n");
@SuppressWarnings("rawtypes")
//使用getParameterNames() 方法读取所有可用的表单参数,并复制给paramsNames
Enumeration paramNames = request.getParameterNames();
//使用 hasMoreElements() 方法来确定何时停止
while(paramNames.hasMoreElements()) {
//使用 nextElement() 方法来获取每个参数的名称。
String paramName = (String)paramNames.nextElement();
//对接收到的数据进行处理
out.print("<tr><td>" + paramName + "</td>\n");
//将通过参数名称获取对应值,并保存在paramValues数组中
String[] paramValues =
request.getParameterValues(paramName);
// 读取单个值的数据,并判断是否决定输出形式
if (paramValues.length == 1) {
String paramValue = paramValues[0];
if (paramValue.length() == 0)
out.println("<td><i>没有值</i></td>");
else
out.println("<td>" + paramValue + "</td>");
} else {
// 读取多个值的数据,并用for循环输出
out.println("<td><ul>");
for(int i=0; i < paramValues.length; i++) {
out.println("<li>" + paramValues[i]);
}
out.println("</ul></td>");
}
out.print("</tr>");
}
out.println("\n</table>\n</body></html>");
}
/**
* @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
*/
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
doGet(request, response);
}
}
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>使用POST方法读取表单所有参数*</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="FormReadParams" method="POST" target="_blank">
<input type="checkbox" name="maths" checked="checked" /> 数学
<input type="checkbox" name="physics" /> 物理
<input type="checkbox" name="chemistry" checked="checked" /> 化学
<input type="submit" value="选择学科" />
</form>
</body>
</html>
运行结果如下图