第十届蓝桥杯迷宫java

源代码链接
题目：
下图给出了一个迷宫的平面图，其中标记为 1 的为障碍，标记为 0 的为可
以通行的地方。
010000
000100
001001
110000
迷宫的入口为左上角，出口为右下角，在迷宫中，只能从一个位置走到这
个它的上、下、左、右四个方向之一。
对于上面的迷宫，从入口开始，可以按DRRURRDDDR 的顺序通过迷宫，
一共 10 步。其中 D、U、L、R 分别表示向下、向上、向左、向右走。
对于下面这个更复杂的迷宫（30 行 50 列），请找出一种通过迷宫的方式，
其使用的步数最少，在步数最少的前提下，请找出字典序最小的一个作为答案。
请注意在字典序中D<L<R<U。（如果你把以下文字复制到文本文件中，请务
必检查复制的内容是否与文档中的一致。在试题目录下有一个文件 maze.txt，
内容与下面的文本相同）
01010101001011001001010110010110100100001000101010
00001000100000101010010000100000001001100110100101
01111011010010001000001101001011100011000000010000
01000000001010100011010000101000001010101011001011
00011111000000101000010010100010100000101100000000
11001000110101000010101100011010011010101011110111
00011011010101001001001010000001000101001110000000
10100000101000100110101010111110011000010000111010
00111000001010100001100010000001000101001100001001
11000110100001110010001001010101010101010001101000
00010000100100000101001010101110100010101010000101
11100100101001001000010000010101010100100100010100
00000010000000101011001111010001100000101010100011
10101010011100001000011000010110011110110100001000
10101010100001101010100101000010100000111011101001
10000000101100010000101100101101001011100000000100
10101001000000010100100001000100000100011110101001
00101001010101101001010100011010101101110000110101
11001010000100001100000010100101000001000111000010
00001000110000110101101000000100101001001000011101
10100101000101000000001110110010110101101010100001
00101000010000110101010000100010001001000100010101
10100001000110010001000010101001010101011111010010
00000100101000000110010100101001000001000000000010
11010000001001110111001001000011101001011011101000
00000110100010001000100000001000011101000000110011
10101000101000100010001111100010101001010000001000
10000010100101001010110000000100101010001011101000
00111100001000010000000110111000000001000000001011
10000001100111010111010001000110111010101101111000
【答案提交】
这是一道结果填空的题，你只需要算出结果后提交即可。本题的结果为一
个字符串，包含四种字母 D、U、L、R，在提交答案时只填写这个字符串，填
写多余的内容将无法得分。
思路：
（1）将迷宫存储在一个二维数组maze中
（2）从迷宫终点往起点走得到走迷宫的路径，具体请看代码注释
（3）从起点开始用字符串描述走迷宫的路径，从四个方向走迷宫,若下一个点在迷宫内并且该点不是障碍物(障碍物为1)且该点的值等于当前点减1，即是我们第3步所走的路径，则字符串加上该方向
代码：

public class DemoE {
	static int n = 30, m = 50;
	static char[][] maze;// 迷宫
	static int[][] dis;// 用于存储走出迷宫的路线
	static int[][] dir = { { 1, 0 }, { 0, -1 }, { 0, 1 }, { -1, 0 } };// 下 左 右 上
	static char[] c = { 'D', 'L', 'R', 'U' };

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		String s = "01010101001011001001010110010110100100001000101010"
				+ "00001000100000101010010000100000001001100110100101"
				+ "01111011010010001000001101001011100011000000010000"
				+ "01000000001010100011010000101000001010101011001011"
				+ "00011111000000101000010010100010100000101100000000"
				+ "11001000110101000010101100011010011010101011110111"
				+ "00011011010101001001001010000001000101001110000000"
				+ "10100000101000100110101010111110011000010000111010"
				+ "00111000001010100001100010000001000101001100001001"
				+ "11000110100001110010001001010101010101010001101000"
				+ "00010000100100000101001010101110100010101010000101"
				+ "11100100101001001000010000010101010100100100010100"
				+ "00000010000000101011001111010001100000101010100011"
				+ "10101010011100001000011000010110011110110100001000"
				+ "10101010100001101010100101000010100000111011101001"
				+ "10000000101100010000101100101101001011100000000100"
				+ "10101001000000010100100001000100000100011110101001"
				+ "00101001010101101001010100011010101101110000110101"
				+ "11001010000100001100000010100101000001000111000010"
				+ "00001000110000110101101000000100101001001000011101"
				+ "10100101000101000000001110110010110101101010100001"
				+ "00101000010000110101010000100010001001000100010101"
				+ "10100001000110010001000010101001010101011111010010"
				+ "00000100101000000110010100101001000001000000000010"
				+ "11010000001001110111001001000011101001011011101000"
				+ "00000110100010001000100000001000011101000000110011"
				+ "10101000101000100010001111100010101001010000001000"
				+ "10000010100101001010110000000100101010001011101000"
				+ "00111100001000010000000110111000000001000000001011"
				+ "10000001100111010111010001000110111010101101111000";
		Queue<Integer> queue = new LinkedList<Integer>();
		dis = new int[30][50];
		maze = new char[30][50];
		//1、将迷宫存储在一个二维数组maze中
		for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
			for (int j = 0; j < m; j++) {
				maze[i][j] = s.charAt(0);
				s = s.substring(1, s.length());
			}

		}
		
		//2、目的是从迷宫终点往回走，算式(n - 1) * m + m - 1,这样利用运算符"\"和"%"即可获得迷宫终点
		queue.add((n - 1) * m + m - 1);
		
		//3、开始从迷宫终点由四个方向走迷宫,若所走的点在地图内且该点没有走过，将该点加入到queue中
		while (!queue.isEmpty()) {// queue不为空
			int temp = queue.poll();
			for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {// 四个方向
				int xx = temp / m + dir[i][0];
				int yy = temp % m + dir[i][1];
				if (xx < 0 || xx >= n || yy < 0 || yy >= m || maze[xx][yy] == '1' || dis[xx][yy] != 0)
					continue;
				queue.add(xx * m + yy);
				//3.1 设置当前点所走的下一个点的值等于当前点加1
				dis[xx][yy] = dis[temp / m][temp % m] + 1;
				//3.2 若迷宫从终点走到起点，则停止走迷宫
				if (xx == 0 && yy == 0)
					break;
			}
		}
		
		//4、设置迷宫终点改为没有走过的点，目的是我们需要描述迷宫走的路径
		dis[n - 1][m - 1] = 0;

		String record = "";
		
		//5、从起点开始用字符串描述走迷宫的路径，从四个方向走迷宫
		//若下一个点在迷宫内并且该点不是障碍物(障碍物为1)且该点的值等于当前点减1，即是我们第3步所走的路径，则字符串加上该方向
		int x = 0, y = 0;
		while (x != n - 1 || y != m - 1) {//迷宫未走到终点
			for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {//从四个方向走迷宫
				int xx = x + dir[i][0];
				int yy = y + dir[i][1];
				if (xx < 0 || xx >= n || yy < 0 | yy >= m || maze[xx][yy] == '1')
					continue;
				if (dis[x][y] == dis[xx][yy] + 1) {
					x = xx;
					y = yy;
					record += c[i];
					break;
				}
			}
		}
		System.out.println(record);
	}
}